See figs. 1, 284.
A cast that has been created from a taken directly from an existing bronze. After-casts are therefore made using the indirect lost-wax process, or in some instances by .
Note: An after-cast will usually replicate surface traces of alterations on its precursor model, including damage and repairs. It will also tend to be smaller and potentially less crisp than the bronze from which it was derived (see II.3).
Sources
Cultural Heritage: Dillon, Jo. 2002. “Technical Reports” and “Glossary of Technical Terms.” In Avery, Victoria, Renaissance and Baroque Bronzes from the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, 276–88, 299–303. London: Daniel Katz Ltd.; Gli Ori.; Motture, Peta. 2019. The Culture of Bronze: Making and Meaning in Italian Renaissance Sculpture. London: V&A Publishing.; Penny, Nicholas. 1993. The Materials of Sculpture. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
To Be Distinguished From
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copy
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Synonyms
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aftercast
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surmoulage
The French term surmoulage is often used in English texts.
Translations
French:
surmoulé
Reproduction en métal par moulage d’un bronze ou d’une partie d’œuvre en bronze.
Note: En français, le mot surmoulé peut être chargé d’un sens négatif (Baudry, Marie Thérèse, and Dominique Bozo. 1978. La sculpture: Méthode et vocabulaire. Principes d’analyse scientifique. Paris: Impr. nationale., 634); l’auteur parle aussi de contremoulage (550). Pour certains auteurs, le surmoulé n’est pas restreint aux reproductions en bronze mais peut être en plâtre, résine, etc. (Rama, Jean-Pierre. 1988. Le bronze d’art et ses techniques. Dourdan, France: Editions H. Vial., 375). Au 19e siècle, le « surmoulé » prend un autre sens, celui d’épreuve de série légalement obtenue à partir d’un (Lebon, Elisabeth. 2012. Le Fondeur et le sculpteur: Technique du bronze et histoire de l’art. Paris: Publications de l’Institut national d’histoire de l’art.). On trouve aussi « surmoulé » avec la signification de chef-modèle (Bader, O., and M. Théret. 1961. Dictionnaire de métallurgie. Paris: Eyrolles., 615). Le surmoulage désigne l’opération consistant à réaliser un surmoulé.
To Be Distinguished From
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copie
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réplique
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variante
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version
Sources
Cultural Heritage: Baudry, Marie Thérèse, and Dominique Bozo. 1978. La sculpture: Méthode et vocabulaire. Principes d’analyse scientifique. Paris: Impr. nationale., 634; Lebon, Elisabeth. 2012. Le Fondeur et le sculpteur: Technique du bronze et histoire de l’art. Paris: Publications de l’Institut national d’histoire de l’art.
Art and Craft Textbook: Rama, Jean-Pierre. 1988. Le bronze d’art et ses techniques. Dourdan, France: Editions H. Vial., 375
German:
Nachguss
Source: Maaz, Bernhard. 2010. Skulptur in Deutschland zwischen französischer Revolution und erstem Weltkrieg. Berlin and Munich: Deutscher Kunstverlag., 710
Italian:
sovracalco
Closest translation to surmoulage; could refer to the process as well as to the product of surmoulage; not specifically used for metal in these sources.
Sources
Cuomo di Caprio, Ninina. 2007. La ceramica in archeologia 2: antiche tecniche di lavorazione e moderni metodi d’indagine. Rome: L’Erma di Bretschneider., 224; Panazza, Pierfabio. 2011. “La Vittoria alata di Brescia: Repliche, calchi e fortuna iconografica nel XIX secolo.” In Grandi bronzi romani dall’Italia settentrionale: Brescia, Cividate Camuno e Verona, edited by A. Salcuni, M. Bolla, and E. Formigli, 25–51. Bonn, Germany: Habelt., 30
Alternate Translations
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rifusione
Less common, related to the process of obtaining a new from an already-existing sculpture
Sources: Battaglia, S. 1961. Grande dizionario della lingua italiana. Edited by Giorgio Bárberi Squarotti. Turin, Italy: Unione tipografico-editrice torinese. http://www.gdli.it/., under rifusione [definition 1, vol. 16, 303]; “Treccani - La Cultura Italiana - Enciclopedia.” n.d. Accessed April 4, 2023. https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/., under rifusione
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fusione successiva
Usually has smaller dimensions due to the of the metal while cooling
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multiplo