Diagram of a patch repair of a type seen on the statue of the Xanten Youth, Roman, last quarter of the 1st century BCE, H. 143 cm (Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Antikensammlung, Neues Museum, inv. SK 4).
1) A copper alloy “granule” is positioned over a surface flaw;
2) a punch is used to force the granule into the flaw; and
3) the surface is further chased to conceal the flaw. After Peltz, Uwe. 2011. “Technischer Vergleich.” In Der Xantener Knabe. Technologie, Ikonographie, Funktion und Datierung, edited by Uwe Peltz and Hans-Joachim Schalles, 111–39. Darmstadt, Germany: Von Zabern., 127.1, fig. 12.