See fig. 41.
The contraction of molten metal as it cools and solidifies after casting, resulting in a reduction of the overall dimensions of the as well as possible . See II.4§1.1.1.
Note: Defects resulting from shrinkage may also be called “shrinkage” (Association Technique de Fonderie, Commission Ingénieurs et Techniciens. 1979. Dictionnaire idéologique de fonderie / Indexed Foundry Dictionary / Systematisches Giessereiwörterbuch. Meudon: Techniques des industries de la Fonderie.). To avoid confusion, we recommend that such casting defects be referred to as “shrinkage porosity” (Campbell, John. 2015. Complete Casting Handbook: Metal Casting Processes, Metallurgy, Techniques, and Design. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Butterworth-Heinemann.).
Sources
Historical: Buchanan, John F. 1903. Foundry Nomenclature: The Moulder’s Pocket Dictionary. London: E. & F. N. Spon.; Bolland, Simpson. 1894. The Encyclopedia of Founding and Dictionary of Foundry Terms Used in the Practice of Moulding. New York: Wiley.
Copper Industry: Ammen, Charles William. 1980. The Metalcaster’s Bible. New York: McGraw-Hill and TAB Books.; American Foundrymen’s Society (AFS), ed. 1984. Casting Copper-Base Alloys. 3rd ed. Des Plaines, IL: AFS.; Campbell, John. 2015. Complete Casting Handbook: Metal Casting Processes, Metallurgy, Techniques, and Design. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Butterworth-Heinemann.
General Dictionary: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/shrinkage
Translations
French:
retrait
Contraction du métal lors du refroidissement conduisant à une perte dimensionnelle et/ou à des (soufflures, retassures, etc).
To Be Distinguished From
-
retassure
Note: La retassure est un des résultats possible du retrait.
Sources
Cultural Heritage: Baudry, Marie Thérèse, and Dominique Bozo. 1978. La sculpture: Méthode et vocabulaire. Principes d’analyse scientifique. Paris: Impr. nationale., 644
Copper Industry: Hénon, Guy, Claude Mascré, and Georges Blanc. 1971. Recherche de la qualité des pièces de fonderie. Paris: Editions techniques des industries de la fonderie., 38; Cuénin, Pierre. 1997a. “Contrôle. Qualité.” Techniques de l’ingénieur fonderies et moulages: aspects généraux TIB352DUO (m3530). https://www.techniques-ingenieur.fr/base-documentaire/materiaux-th11/fonderies-et-moulages-aspects-generaux-42352210/controle-qualite-m3530/., 5; Association Technique de Fonderie, Commission Ingénieurs et Techniciens. 1979. Dictionnaire idéologique de fonderie / Indexed Foundry Dictionary / Systematisches Giessereiwörterbuch. Meudon: Techniques des industries de la Fonderie.
Art and Craft Textbooks: Lambert, Daniel. 2002. Moulage et fonderie d’art: Du modèle au bronze final. Dourdan, France: Vial., 275; Rama, Jean-Pierre. 1988. Le bronze d’art et ses techniques. Dourdan, France: Editions H. Vial., 375
German:
Schrumpfung
Alternate Translation
-
Schwindung
Source: Brunhuber, Ernst. 1988. Gießerei-Fachwörterbuch = Foundry Dictionary. 4th ed. Berlin: Schiele & Schön.
Italian:
ritiro
Source
“Treccani - La Cultura Italiana - Enciclopedia.” n.d. Accessed April 4, 2023. https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/., under ritiro
Chinese: 收缩
Sources
Ming Juxin | 明举新. 2001. 汉英冶金工业词典 = Han ying yejin gongye cidian = A Comprehensive Chinese-English Dictionary of Metallurgical Industry. 3rd ed. 长沙市: 中南大学出版社 = Changsha shi: Zhongnan daxue chuban she [Zhong Nan University Press]., 1313; TNATD