See figs. 238, 239, 240, 242, 244, 256, 272, 494.
A tool usually made of a steel rod that may be struck with a hammer at one end in order to create a pattern in the surface of the sculpture with the other end by compressing the metal.
Note: During chasing, a number of punches with a variety of custom-made textures are often used, allowing a range of possible surface patterns. The texture of some punches may be confused with .
Open viewer
Figure 238
Open viewer
Figure 239
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Figure 240
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Figure 242
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Figure 244
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Figure 256
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Figure 272
Open viewer
Figure 494
Sources
Cultural Heritage: Bassett, Jane, and Peggy Fogelman. 1997. Looking at European Sculpture: A Guide to Technical Terms. Los Angeles: J. Paul Getty Museum in collaboration with the Victoria and Albert Museum., 74; Penny, Nicholas. 1993. The Materials of Sculpture. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press., 308; Allen, Denise, Linda Borsch, James David Draper, Jeffrey Fraiman, and Richard E. Stone, eds. 2022. Italian Renaissance and Baroque Bronzes in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/metpublications/Italian_Renaissance_and_Baroque_Bronzes_in_the_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art., 63
Art and Craft Textbook: Untracht, Oppi. 1982. Jewelry: Concepts and Technology. London: Robert Hale., 122
General Dictionary: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/punch [definition 1a]
To Be Distinguished From
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chisel
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cold chisel
Translations
French:
ciselet mat
Un des deux grands types de ciselets (dit aussi « mat », l’autre grand type étant le « ciselet clair ») dont la partie active, de section quadrangulaire ou circulaire, texturée ou lisse, permet de donner à la surface du bronze une certaine texture, par matage.
Sources
Cultural Heritage: Baudry, Marie Thérèse, and Dominique Bozo. 1978. La sculpture: Méthode et vocabulaire. Principes d’analyse scientifique. Paris: Impr. nationale., 642
Art and Craft Textbook: De Bois, Guy. 1999. La ciselure et ses techniques. Paris: H. Vial., 54–55
Alternate Translation
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ciselet
Terme habituellement générique pour désigner aussi bien les ciselets mats que les ciselets clairs, mais dans l’Encyclopédie (Diderot, Denis, Jean le Rond d’Alembert et al. 1751. Encyclopédie; ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers. 17 vols. Paris: Briasson. http://enccre.academie-sciences.fr/encyclopedie/., 3:480, entry « ciselets ») désigne spécifiquement les ciselets mats.
Sources: Cultural Heritage: Baudry, Marie Thérèse, and Dominique Bozo. 1978. La sculpture: Méthode et vocabulaire. Principes d’analyse scientifique. Paris: Impr. nationale., 640; Historical: Diderot, Denis, Jean le Rond d’Alembert et al. 1751. Encyclopédie; ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers. 17 vols. Paris: Briasson. http://enccre.academie-sciences.fr/encyclopedie/., 3:480, entry « ciselets »; Art and Craft Textbook: De Bois, Guy. 1999. La ciselure et ses techniques. Paris: H. Vial.
German:
Punze
Source
Maaz, Bernhard. 2010. Skulptur in Deutschland zwischen französischer Revolution und erstem Weltkrieg. Berlin and Munich: Deutscher Kunstverlag., 718
Italian:
cesello
Sources
“Treccani - La Cultura Italiana - Enciclopedia.” n.d. Accessed April 4, 2023. https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/., under cesello; Battaglia, S. 1961. Grande dizionario della lingua italiana. Edited by Giorgio Bárberi Squarotti. Turin, Italy: Unione tipografico-editrice torinese. http://www.gdli.it/., under cesello [vol. 6, 13]; Cellini, Benvenuto. (1568) 1983. Due Trattati: Uno Intorno Alle Otto Principali Arti Dell’oreficeria: L’altro in Materia Dell’arte Della Scultura, Dove Si Veggono Infiniti Segreti Nel Lavorar Le Figure Di Marmo, & Nel Gettarle Di Bronzo. Edited by Antonio Altomonte. Modena: Edizioni Aldine., 11, fols. 21v, 33v
Alternate Translation
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punzone
Sources: “Treccani - La Cultura Italiana - Enciclopedia.” n.d. Accessed April 4, 2023. https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/., under punzone [definition 3]; Battaglia, S. 1961. Grande dizionario della lingua italiana. Edited by Giorgio Bárberi Squarotti. Turin, Italy: Unione tipografico-editrice torinese. http://www.gdli.it/., under punzone [definition 2]; Cellini, Benvenuto. (1568) 1983. Due Trattati: Uno Intorno Alle Otto Principali Arti Dell’oreficeria: L’altro in Materia Dell’arte Della Scultura, Dove Si Veggono Infiniti Segreti Nel Lavorar Le Figure Di Marmo, & Nel Gettarle Di Bronzo. Edited by Antonio Altomonte. Modena: Edizioni Aldine., 1, fol. 27
Chinese: 冲头
Sources
Ming Juxin | 明举新. 2001. 汉英冶金工业词典 = Han ying yejin gongye cidian = A Comprehensive Chinese-English Dictionary of Metallurgical Industry. 3rd ed. 长沙市: 中南大学出版社 = Changsha shi: Zhongnan daxue chuban she [Zhong Nan University Press]., 156; TNATD