Building

Object/Work🔺

• Catalog Level:🔺 item (value type: controlled list)
• Type:🔺 temple
  rotunda
  church (value type: authority)

Classification🔺

• Terms:🔺
  architecture
  Greek and Roman art (value type: controlled list)

Titles or Names🔺

• Text:🔺 Pantheon (value type: free text)
  Preference: preferred (value type: controlled list)

• Text:🔺 Santa Maria ad Martyres
  Preference: alternate
  Type: former

• Text:🔺 Santa Maria Rotunda
  Preference: alternate
  Type: former

Creation🔺

• Creator Description:🔺 unknown Roman, for the Emperor Hadrian (Roman Emperor and patron, 76 CE-138 CE, ruled 117-138) (value type: free text)

• Identity:🔺 unknown Roman
  Role:🔺 architect (_value type: authority)

• Identity:🔺 Hadrian
  Role:🔺 patron (_value type: authority)

• Creation Date:🔺 begun in 27 BCE, completely rebuilt 118/119-125/128 (value type: free text)
  Earliest:🔺 0118 Latest:🔺 0123 (value type: controlled format)

Measurements🔺

• Dimensions Description:🔺 dome: 43 m (interior diameter and height) (141 feet); oculus: 8.9 m (diameter) (29 feet 2 inches) (value type: free text)

• Dimensions Qualifier: interior
  Dimensions Extent: dome
  Value: 43 Unit: m Type: height
  Value: 43 Unit: m Type: diameter
  Dimensions Extent: oculus
  Value: 8.9 Unit: m Type: diameter (value type: controlled format and controlled lists)

Materials and Techniques🔺

• Description:🔺 constructed of stone, brick, concrete, and aggregate material; the drum is strengthened by huge brick arches and piers set above one another inside the walls (value type: free text)

• Material Name:
  concrete
  stone
  brick
  concrete
  aggregate
  Technique Name: rotunda (value type: authority)

Subject Matter🔺

• Indexing Terms:🔺
  architecture
  religion/mythology
  worship
  planetary
  gods (Greek and Roman iconography)
  Queen of Martyrs (Veneration of the Virgin Mary) (value type: authority)

Descriptive Note

• Text: The Pantheon was dedicated to the seven planetary gods in 128 CE. It was consecrated as a church in the early seventh century. It is the major surviving example of Roman concrete?vaulted architecture. It is composed of a domed rotunda attached to a columned entrance portico. Now free-standing, it was originally the focal point of a long, porticoed forecourt. (value type: free text)

• Citations: Ward-Perkins, Roman Architecture (1977)
  Citations: MacDonald, The Pantheon (1976)
  Citations: Torres, Cenni sulla forma primitiva del Pantheon (1838) (value type: authority)

Current Location🔺

• Repository Name/Geographic Location:🔺 Rome (Italy) (value type: authority)

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NOTE: 🔺 indicates a core CDWA category.

Revised 24 July 2024
by Emily Benoff