DEFINITION
An identification of the type and number of works described.
SUBCATEGORIES
GENERAL
DISCUSSION
This category
identifies the logical focus of discussion. It describes what the work
is and makes it possible to find works of a particular type and their
components.
Works
of art or architecture may be considered a single item, or they may be
made up of many physical parts or arranged in separate physical groupings.
It is necessary to define the particular work of art, architecture, or
group of objects in question, whether it be a single painted canvas or
an altarpiece made up of many panels, a monolithic sculpture or an installation,
a single structure or a building composed of various parts that were constructed
at significantly different times, a single drawing on one piece of paper
or a volume of drawings such as an album or sketchbook, or an archival
group comprising drawings, prints, computer diskettes, and photographs.
Catalog
level
The
level of specificity at which an art object, architecture, or group of
works is described will depend on the practice of the individual institution.
The level of cataloging represented in the record should be recorded in
CATALOG LEVEL; this is particularly important when cataloging groups.
When both the whole and its parts are described separately, the whole/part
relationships should be recorded in RELATED WORKS. The parts of a work
or group may have hierarchical relationships to the whole. In the example
of a sixteenth-century illuminated manuscript, the illumination of Christ
Led Before Pilate on folio 147 verso is part of the whole Prayer
Book of Cardinal Albrecht of Brandenburg [Figure
7].
The
whole/part designation of the work may be relative and changeable. When
an altarpiece is held by one owner in its entirety, it will probably be
described as a single object. If it has been dismantled and dispersed,
the many parts of the same original work will now be recorded as separate
works. Historical whole/part relationships should be recorded as RELATED
WORKS; examples include a disassembled sketchbook and its former folios,
dispersed panels that once were part of the same altarpiece, or architectural
spolia that were once part of another structure.
Facets
In a hierarchical database, it is recommended to include broad facet levels in order to structure the database at a high level. For an implementation of such a structure, see CONA: Hierarchical Relationships.
Built Works
Built works include structures or parts of structures that are the result of conscious construction, are of practical use, are relatively stable and permanent, and are of a size and scale appropriate for, but not limited to, habitable buildings. Models and miniature buildings are not built works (they are movable works). Most built works are manifestations of the built environment that are typically classified as fine art, meaning it is generally considered to have esthetic value, was designed by an architect (whether or not his or her name is known), and constructed with skilled labor. However, other structures that do not fall under this definition may also be included.
Movable Works
Movable works include the visual arts and other cultural works that are of the type collected by art museums and special collections, or by an ethnographic, anthropological, or other museum, or owned by a private collector. Examples include paintings, sculpture, prints, drawings, manuscripts, photographs, ceramics, textiles, furniture, and other visual media such as frescoes and architectural sculpture, performance art, archaeological artifacts, and various functional objects that are from the realm of material culture and of the type collected by museums. Are monumental works “movable works”? For stained glass windows, architectural sculptures, frescoes, freestanding monumental sculptures, furniture, and such other large works, the works should be cataloged as movable works, because their characteristics (types of artists, materials, designs, etc.) have more in common with movable works than with architecture; such works should be linked to the built work with which they are associated, if any.
Visual Surrogates
This facet could contain records for images and three-dimensional works intended to be surrogates for the works, for example study photographs. Visual surrogates are fully discussed in RELATED VISUAL DOCUMENTATION.
Conceptual Works
This facet contains records for series as a concept, conceptual records for multiples, records for a conceptual group as for an architectural competition, and other similar records. Physical works, such as prints that belong to a series, may be linked to the conceptual record for the series or other conceptual works.
Unidentified Named Works
This facet contains records for works described in archival inventories or other sources, but their identity is not established. While such a facet would be unnecessary for an individual repository's collection management system, it would be a useful facet in a compiled database for research, such as CONA.
Record Type
In cataloging, it is useful to identify the type of record represented. Suggested Record Types include the following:
Movable Work: Includes records for movable works, such as paintings, drawings, sculptures, etc. Movable work records should be found in the Movable Works facet or in the Unknown Named Works facet.
Built Work: Includes records for architectural works. Built works should be found in the Built Works facet or the Unknown Named Works facet.
Conceptual Work: Includes records for series, multiples, and other entities that are conceptual rather than physical. Conceptual works should be found in the Conceptual Works facet.
Visual Surrogate: Includes records for photographs, digital images, plaster casts, or other works intended only as a surrogate for the work, not as a work of art in themselves. Visual surrogate records should be found in the Visual Surrogates facet.
Guide Term: A Guide Term (also called a node label) is a level used to organize the hierarchy into logical segments.
Facet: A facet is a broad division of the hierarchy, generally appearing directly under the Root. In the CDWA model, currently the facets are Movable Works, Built Works, Conceptual Works, Visual Surrogates, and Unknown Named Works.
Components
and parts
OBJECT/WORK - COMPONENTS can record the quantity and component types
of the parts of the work being cataloged, whether or not the parts are
cataloged as separate works and linked as RELATED WORKS.
For
example, it is useful to list the components of an eighteenth-century
porcelain lidded bowl [Figure
1], the panels of an Italian Renaissance altarpiece [Figure
2], or note that a sheet of paper contains drawings on both the recto
and the verso [Figure
30]. See also OBJECT/WORK - CATALOG LEVEL.
If
a work is made up of many components, the components may also have parts;
these relationships should be indicated. For example, it should be possible
to indicate the relationships between a teapot and its lid, and between
a cup and its saucer, when both sets form part of the larger tea set being
described. An installation in the stations format may have many
parts or stations, each made up of different objects. A basilica may have
towers and a dome that were constructed during separate design and building
campaigns. OBJECT/WORK - COMPONENTS is repeatable within the OBJECT/WORK
set of subcategories.
Contemporary
works
In the case of contemporary works of art, it is important to distinguish
parts of the original work from parts deriving from the artifactual trace
(e.g., a visual surrogate). It is not possible to make this determination
solely on the basis of physical form. For example a video could be a document
of a performance piece recorded in RELATED VISUAL DOCUMENTATION, or it
could be an integral part of an installation recorded in OBJECT/WORK -
COMPONENTS.
Cataloging
rules
For the subcategories in this section, basic recommendations
and discussion are provided below. For a fuller, more prescriptive
set of cataloging rules for some of the subcategories, see
"Chapter 1: Object Naming" in Cataloging
Cultural Objects
(CCO), which deals with a critical subset of the CDWA.
RELATED
CATEGORIES and ACCESS
When
the parts are cataloged separately, the relationship between the work
of art, architecture, or group described and its parts should be recorded
in RELATED WORKS. Often utilitarian objects, structures, or parts of works
do not have formal titles and are known by their OBJECT/WORK - TYPE (for
example, a desk). This should be indicated in OBJECT/WORK - TYPE and also
in TITLES OR NAMES (e.g., the Title of a work may be Desk, and
its Object/Work Type may be desk).
The subcategories
OBJECT/WORK - TYPE and OBJECT/WORK - COMPONENTS - TYPE are Primary
Access Points. Subcategories of OBJECT/WORK should be retrievable
in combination with other categories. For example, an art historian examining
landscape composition in the late Renaissance might search for drawings
of landscapes from Genoa, Italy that were created in the fifteenth or
sixteenth centuries. A scholar planning a research trip may wish to identify
kilims in repositories in Brazil.
1.1. Catalog Level
DEFINITION
An
indication of the level of cataloging represented by the record, based
on the physical form or intellectual content of the material.
EXAMPLES
item
volume
album
group
subgroup
collection
series
set
multiples
component
box
fond
portfolio
suite
complex
object grouping
performance
items
DISCUSSION
and GUIDELINES
Required: As a preliminary step in cataloging the work,
determine the cataloging level that is appropriate to both
the work and the goals of the cataloging institution. Record
a term indicating if the catalog record represents an item,
volume, group, subgroup, collection, series, set, or
component. Specialized archival terminology may be used
(e.g., fond).
Form and syntax
Record the singular form of the term, with the exception of items. Record the term in lower
case. Avoid abbreviations. Record terms in natural word order,
not inverted. Do not use punctuation.
Item
An item (term is a singular noun) is an individual object or work. Most works in museums are cataloged as items.
A stand-alone architectural work should generally be cataloged as an item.
An item may be composed of multiple parts or components, and it may be desirable to catalog the parts separately, linking the records for the components to the record for the whole. An item differs from a component in that the component cannot stand alone as an independent work.
For disassembled works: For works that formerly were part of a larger whole and are now disassembled, often held by different repositories, choose catalog level item. These works are treated as individual items by their repositories, not as components. They may be linked to a record representing the former whole as whole/part through RELATED WORKS, AS Hierarchical Relationships.
Group
An archival group (or record group) is an aggregate of items that share a common provenance. Archival groups may range in size from several thousand items (e.g., the entire body of drawings, models, and written documents from an architect's office) to just a few items (e.g., a handful of surviving drawings from one architectural project).
Group-level cataloging focuses on the description of coherent, collective bodies of works. The description emphasizes the characteristics of the group as a whole, and highlights the unique and distinctive characteristics of the most important works in the group. Groups are usually defined by repositories, and may have several subgroups that are established by archival principles of provenance.
The catalog record for a group normally corresponds to a physical group as it currently exists and is stored by the repository; however, historical groups may also be described.
Groups may be divided into subgroups. Items,
volumes, or sub-groups may be cataloged separately and linked to the group
as RELATED WORKS. The number and types of items, volumes, or subgroups
in the group may be noted and thoroughly indexed in OBJECT/WORK - COMPONENTS/PARTS.
Alternatively, a simple listing of the count of the parts in general could
be made in MEASUREMENTS.
Portfolio
A portfolio comprises unbound works brought together, issued, or housed together, often in a portfolio and often including a loose title page or text introduction. In archival description, a portfolio may occasionally comprise a level of archival organization.
Volume
A volume comprises sheets of paper, vellum, papyrus, or another material that are bound together. Volumes may include printed books, manuscripts, or sketchbooks. Where the parts of a historical volume have been dispersed, records for the individual sheets may be linked as a historical volume for research purposes.
The codicology of the volume may be described in DESCRIPTIVE NOTE (e.g., 574 folios + 3 flyleaves, 84 historiated initials, numerous decorated initials). For intact books, manuscripts, and sketchbooks, the illuminations
or other parts may be better cataloged as components rather than items
(but this is a judgment call). Items or components should be linked to
the record for the volume as RELATED WORKS. The number and types of items
or components (e.g., folios or pages) in the volume may be noted and thoroughly
indexed in OBJECT/WORK - COMPONENTS/PARTS. Alternatively, a simple listing
of the count of the items or components in general could be made in MEASUREMENTS.
Album
While some repositories will consider an album the same thing as a volume for cataloging purposes, others may wish to designate the album as a separate catalog level, since albums are gathered and created in a manner differently from typical printed books or manuscripts.
Given that an album contains individual drawings, prints, or other art works that have been mounted, the drawings, etc. in an album may be cataloged as items and linked to the record for the volume through RELATED WORKS hierarchical relationships. The description of the album may be included in DESCRIPTIVE NOTE. The count of the items may be indexed in MEASUREMENTS.
Collection
A collection comprises multiple items that are conceptually or physically arranged together for the purpose of cataloging or retrieval. A collection differs from an archival group because the items in a collection are bound informally for convenience and do not necessarily share a common provenance or otherwise meet the criteria for an archival group.
Individual items in a collection may be cataloged separately and linked
to the collection as RELATED WORKS. The number and types of items in the
collection may be noted and thoroughly indexed in OBJECT/WORK - COMPONENTS/PARTS.
Alternatively, a simple listing of the count of the items in general could
be made in MEASUREMENTS.
Series
A series comprises a number of works that were created in temporal succession by the same artist or studio and intended by the creator(s) to be seen together or in succession as a cycle of works. Examples of series include a series of prints and a fresco cycle. Works in a series or cycle typically share the same or related subjects, the same or similar media, or other characteristics, but their defining characteristic is that they were intended to be conceptually related as a series. Individual items in a unique physical series (e.g., the Wheatstacks by Claude Monet) of may be cataloged separately and linked to the series through hierarchical relationships in RELATED WORKS. For series of multiples, which are for cataloging purposes conceptual rather than physical series, the series should be cataloged as a Conceptual Work, and unique physical items linked to the series in RELATED WORKS. The number and types of items in the series may be noted
and thoroughly indexed in OBJECT/WORK - COMPONENTS/PARTS. Alternatively,
a simple listing of the count of the items in general could be made in
MEASUREMENTS.
Set
A set is an assembly of items that the creator intended to
be together (e.g., a tea set, a desk set, a pair of terrestrial
and celestial globes). A set differs from a collection in
that it is typically smaller and was intended by the creator
to be grouped together. It is useful to catalog the set as
a whole when the items in the set will not be cataloged separately
or when there are characteristics of the whole set that may
not be apparent in the individual records for the parts. Items
in the set may be cataloged separately and linked to the set
as RELATED WORKS. The number and types of items in the set
may be noted and thoroughly indexed in OBJECT/WORK - COMPONENTS/PARTS.
Alternatively, a simple listing of the count of the items
in general could be made in MEASUREMENTS. If it is not necessary
or possible to make a record for the set, the members of the
set should be cataloged as items and linked to each other
as RELATED WORKS.
Suite
A suite is an assembly of items intended to be together. The designation is often reserved for assemblies of furniture or other items that are commonly referred to as a suite rather than a set.
Multiples
A record for multiples typically includes general information
about a printing plate and the prints made from it. This catalog level may also be used for sculptures and other works produced
in multiples from a plate, mold, computer program, or other
device or method. It is useful to catalog the group of multiples
as a whole when the individual works will not be cataloged
separately, or when there are characteristics of the whole
multiples group that do not apply to each item in the group.
For example, this record will allow you to capture information
about the relationship between various states of a print or
cancellation of a plate. Items in the multiples group may
be cataloged separately and linked to the multiples group
as RELATED WORKS. The number and types of items in the multiples
group may be noted and thoroughly indexed in OBJECT/WORK -
COMPONENTS/PARTS. Alternatively, a simple listing of the count
of the items in general could be made in MEASUREMENTS for
the multiples group.
Component
A component is a part of a larger item. A component differs from an item
in that the item can stand alone as an independent work but the component
typically cannot or does not stand alone (e.g., a panel of a polyptych,
an architectural component). If a separate record is made for the component,
it must be linked to a record for an item or a volume as a RELATED WORK.
It is necessary to create a separate record for the component only when
the information for the whole work (item) varies significantly from information
for the parts, including when the artist, dates, style, or media differ
between the whole work and its parts. For works that were historically
components but are detached from the original whole and now stand alone,
it is generally better to catalog the works as an items rather than a
components (although historical whole/part relationships may be made between
the item and its former whole in RELATED WORKS). If it is not necessary
to make separate records for the components, the number and types of components
may be noted and thoroughly indexed in OBJECT/WORK - COMPONENTS/PARTS.
Alternatively, a simple listing of the count of the components in general
could be made in MEASUREMENTS.
Disassembled works: For works that were historically components of a larger whole, but are now detached from the original whole, particularly when the former part stands alone in a different repository from other parts, catalog each part as an item rather than a component (although historical whole/part relationships may be made between the item and its former whole through RELATED WORKS.
Complex
A complex, or building complex, is an aggregation of buildings, other structures, and open spaces, often multifunctional.
Object grouping
Refers to a grouping of discrete visual works that are placed together, either as intended by the artist or as collected and arranged at a later date.
Performance
Performance or performance art refers to works of art that unfold over time and that combine elements of theater and object-oriented art.
Items
The catalog level items is used as a broader record for multiple works that form part of an assembly of some kind, but the assembly is not adequately explained by one of the other catalog level designations. The designation should be used only when the cataloging institution has reason to make a broader-level record for two or more items. Do not use Catalog Level to casually group together works for research purposes or other such reasons.
The
same objects may be referenced in multiple records. For example, a general
record may be made for a group of works, and individual records may be
made for volumes or items that are part of the group. This category records
the level of cataloging represented in the record; it is particularly
important when cataloging groups. It allows for the distinction between
records for groups and items, and explains a record's relative position
within a hierarchy of groups and objects. Such hierarchies reflect the
relationships within groups of objects, and do not necessarily correspond
to administrative hierarchies or classifications within the originating
institution.
Levels of cataloging in different disciplines
The most common levels of cataloging include groups, subgroups, volumes,
and single items. Archives typically catalog (or "describe") on the group
level, because they collect large bodies of objects that can be readily
broken into intellectual and physical groups. A defining characteristic
of group-level cataloging is that the objects in a group can be described
meaningfully as an aggregate, generally because they share a common purpose
or origin; however, a group often contains many different types of objects
(e.g., drawings, books, models, and correspondence). Museums traditionally
favor item-level cataloging, assigning accession numbers and other catalog
information to every individual object in their collections. Libraries
traditionally catalog volumes as individual items and typically do not
catalog individual prints or illustrations in the pages of a volume.
Although archives, museums, and libraries traditionally employ different
strategies for description or cataloging, the various levels of cataloging
discussed in CDWA may be employed at certain times by all types of institutions.
For example, an archive may make item-level records for their most important
works, linking the item's record to the record for the group of which
it is a part. Museums may catalog large bodies of drawings, prints, or
artifacts as a group, based upon the origin of the items (e.g., a particular
donor's collection). Museums may develop strategies by which they initially
catalog an entire collection on the group level in order to gain immediate
control over the materials, and then go back and make item-level records
for the individual objects when time allows. A library containing rare
books may use item-level cataloging for the most important individual
prints in a volume, and link the item-level records to the record for
the volume.
TERMINOLOGY/FORMAT
Controlled
list: Use a controlled list of terminology: item, group, subgroup,
volume, collection, series, set, component, and additional
terms as necessary.
RELATED
CATEGORIES and ACCESS
Record
whole/part relationships between groups and subgroups or items, or between
an object or architectural structure and its parts in RELATED WORKS. If
necessary, record a description of the individual objects in a group in
OBJECT/WORK - COMPONENTS.
If
a work belongs to a group, the most salient information about the group
should be accessible to users querying for the individual item or work.
At the same time, however, retrieval strategies should recognize that
the items that are part of a group should not necessarily inherit all
characteristics of the group. Keep in mind that the group record describes
the material collectively, and every item will not have all the same characteristics
of all other items in the group.
1.2. Object/Work Type
DEFINITION
The
kind of object or work described.
EXAMPLES
DISCUSSION
and GUIDELINES
Required: Record a term specifying the particular kind of work
of art, architecture, or group described in the catalog record.
You may record multiple Object/Work Types in subsequent occurrences of the subcategory,
as necessary. Note that a single work may have more than one
Object Type (e.g., altarpiece, painting). Also, a single
record may represent more than one object; if more than one
object is being cataloged in a single catalog record (e.g.,
for a group-level record), record the multiple OJBECT/WORK
- TYPES or record the types of the parts under OBJECT/WORK
- COMPONENTS - TYPE.
Specificity
Record one or more terms that characterize the type of work being cataloged,
referring to the work's physical form, function, or media. It is recommended
to use the most specific, appropriate term. The focus of the collection
and expertise of the users should be considered; most institutions must
accommodate both the expert and the general user. If an OBJECT/WORK -
TYPE term refers to materials or technique (e.g., engraving) or
any other characteristic that should also be indexed in another field,
repeat it in the additional appropriate subcategory.
Form
and syntax
Record the singular form of the term for one work; record a plural term
if more than one work is being cataloged in the record. Record the term
in lower case except where the term includes a proper noun or is otherwise
capitalized in the controlled vocabulary. Avoid abbreviations. Record
terms in natural word order, not inverted. Do not use punctuation, except
hyphens, as required.
What
constitutes a work
A work can be a single physical thing, a fragment or part of a broken
or dispersed work, a work composed of many parts, or an event considered
an art work, such as a happening or other time-based, nonpermanent
work. For a discussion of how to record the parts of a work or group,
see OBJECT/WORK - COMPONENTS.
Work
may change over time
OBJECT/WORK - TYPE can change over time. The physical form or function
of a work can change, such as when a sculptural group now located in a
museum was originally used as a support for a table. A building that now
houses a museum may have originally been designed as a church. It is important
to record the OBJECT/WORK - TYPE of the work as it was created, as well
as all subsequent functions and forms. Object types may have differing
definitions (for example, is a watercolor a painting or a drawing?
It may depend upon whether or not the support is paper), Controlled vocabularies
with specific definitions or scope notes should be used to avoid
confusion.
Object/Work Type
and Classification
The OBJECT/WORK - TYPE is generally displayed with CLASSIFICATION. The
OBJECT/WORK - TYPE is intended to identify the work that is the focus
of the catalog record, whereas CLASSIFICATION refers to broad categories
or a classification scheme that groups works together on the basis of
shared characteristics, including materials, form, shape, function, region
of origin, cultural context, or historical or stylistic period. See further
discussion under CLASSIFICATION.
TERMINOLOGY/FORMAT
Authority: Control this subcategory with the GENERIC CONCEPT AUTHORITY,
which can be populated with terminology from the AAT (especially
Objects facet), ACRL/RBMS Binding Terms, ACRL/RBMS Genre Terms,
ACRL/RBMS Paper Terms, ACRL/RBMS Printing and Publishing Evidence,
Base Mérimée: Lexique, the British Archaeological
Thesaurus, Glass' Subject Index for the Visual Arts, ICOM
Costume Terms, Index of Jewish Art, ISO 5127-3: Iconic Documents,
ISO 5127-11: Audio-visual Documents, LC Descriptive Terms
for Graphic Materials, Moving Image Materials, Revised Nomenclature,
Reyniès' Le Mobilier Domestique, and Tozzer Library
Headings.
RELATED
CATEGORIES and ACCESS
The
OBJECT/WORK - TYPE of two works may imply various stages in the creative
process, as when one work is preparatory for another. Explicitly record
this relationship in RELATED WORKS. Discussion of the history of placement
of the work in an architectural environment, its archaeological excavation,
or events associated with the work can be recorded in CONTEXT.
This is a Primary Access Point. If COMPONENTS is used, the end-user
will need to search OBJECT/WORK - TYPE and OBJECT/WORK - COMPONENTS
- TYPE together to find all works of a particular type. For
example, in searching for drawings by Dan Flavin, users need
to find works with Object Type drawings, whether or
not they are part of a sketchbook.
1.3. Object/Work Type Date
DEFINITION
A description of the date or range of dates when the object/work
type is or was applicable.
EXAMPLES
from 500 BCE
1993
before 1652
1842-1896
17th century
DISCUSSION and GUIDELINES
Optional: Record the date when the object/work
type was or is valid. Include references to uncertainty or
ambiguity as necessary.
Form and syntax
Follow the applicable rules for display dates in CREATION
- CREATION DATE.
If a work has had mutliple object/work types over time, this
date is useful in establishing when the work served a particular
function or purpose.
Dates may be estimated or approximate; for example, it may
only be known that a work was a certain size in the 18th century,
but not precisely on which day or year the measurement was
taken. For further discussion of dates in general, see CREATION
- DATE.
TERMINOLOGY/FORMAT
Free-text: This is not a controlled field.
Maintain consistent capitalization, punctuation, and syntax
where possible. Index the dates in the controlled EARLIEST
DATE and LATEST DATE subcategories.
1.3.1. Earliest Date
DEFINITION
The earliest date for which the object/work type is or was
applicable.
EXAMPLES
1970
1842
01-21-2001
DISCUSSION and GUIDELINES
Optional: Record the earliest year indicated
by the display DATE.
Form and syntax
Always record years in the proleptic Gregorian calendar in
the indexing dates fields. It is optional to record EARLIEST
DATE; however, if you record a value here, you must also record
LATEST DATE. For rules, see CREATION - CREATION DATE - EARLIEST
DATE.
TERMINOLOGY/FORMAT
Controlled format: Date information
must be formatted consistently to allow retrieval. Local rules
should be in place. Suggested formats are available in the
ISO Standard and W3 XML Schema Part 2.
ISO 8601:2004 Representation of dates and times. International
Organization for Standardization. Data Elements and Interchange
Formats. Information Interchange. Representation of Dates
and Times. Geneva, Switzerland: International Organization
for Standardization, 2004.
XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes, 2001. www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/.
1.3.2. Latest Date
DEFINITION
The latest date for which the object/work type is or was
applicable.
EXAMPLES
1985
9999
01-21-2001
DISCUSSION and GUIDELINES
Optional: Record the latest year indicated
by the display DATE.
Form and syntax
Always record years in the proleptic Gregorian calendar in
the indexing dates fields. It is optional to record EARLIEST
DATE; however, if you record a value here, you must also record
LATEST DATE. For rules, see CREATION - CREATION DATE - LATEST
DATE.
TERMINOLOGY/FORMAT
Controlled format: Date information
must be formatted consistently to allow retrieval. Local rules
should be in place. Suggested formats are available in the
ISO Standard and W3 XML Schema Part 2. For dates that are
still current, use the year 9999.
ISO 8601:2004 Representation of dates and times. International
Organization for Standardization. Data Elements and Interchange
Formats. Information Interchange. Representation of Dates
and Times. Geneva, Switzerland: International Organization
for Standardization, 2004.
XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes, 2001. www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/.
1.4. Components/Parts
DEFINITION
The
kinds and numbers of parts of the object or work or the members of the
group, collection, or series described.
EXAMPLES
-
group comprises 23 Hollinger boxes containing approximately 15 prints
each, 4 rolls of blueprints, 2 video tapes and 10 computer diskettes
- portfolio contains 10 lithographs
- sketchbook comprises 23 folios and 5 loose sheets
- sheet contains drawings on both recto and verso [Figure 30]
- volume comprises 178 leaves with 7 full-page illuminations,
and oak covers with silver and copper gilt reliefs [Figure
31]
- altarpiece comprises central panel, 4 side panels, and upper tier
of 5 panels [Figure
2]
- sculpture is composed of 2 statues and 1 carved base
- object comprises bowl, lid, and stand [Figure 1]
- set comprises 2 chairs [Figure
14]
- monastery comprises chapel, cloisters, library, refectory,
and enclosed garden
DISCUSSION
and GUIDELINES
Optional:
Record a description of the parts of a particular group, collection,
set, series, or work of art or architecture. Index this information in
OBJECT/WORK - COMPONENTS - QUANTITY and OBJECT/WORK - COMPONENTS - TYPE.
This category is particularly important for archival goups of works; the
number of objects may be an estimate, especially for a large group.
There are three levels of thoroughness that may be used for recording parts or
components: 1) The parts may be noted and indexed in detail
in COMPONENTS, and also recorded in separate work records
and linked as RELATED WORKS. 2) The parts may be noted and
indexed in detail in COMPONENTS, but separate work records
need not be made for the individual parts. 3) If a thorough
indexing of the parts or components is not necessary, the
parts may be simply noted and indexed in a general way in
the MEASUREMENTS category.
Form and syntax
Use phrases in lower case. Capitalize proper names. For other
words, use lower case. Avoid abbreviations. Provide directional
descriptions for architecture, sculpture, and other three
dimensional objects (e.g., for a building, view from the
east, or for a portrait bust, left profile). Do
not capitalize cardinal directions (east, west, etc.) Note
special lighting conditions (e.g., raking light).
Alternatively use sentence case and complete sentences or
phrases.
When
to catalog the parts separately
If a work of art or architecture has parts with significantly different
characteristics, including separate artists, dates of execution, styles,
materials, or physical locations, record them as COMPONENTS and also create
separate records for the parts and link them as RELATED WORKS.On the other
hand, catalog the work or group of works together in one record when the
artist and other characteristics of the parts are the same or very similar;
the parts should still be indexed as COMPONENTS (or simply noted in a
general way in MEASUREMENTS), but it is not necessary to create separate
records for the parts linked in RELATED WORKS.
Practice
may vary due to local practice and circumstances surrounding the history
of the object. For example, one institution might describe a suite of
prints as a whole [Figure
34], listing only the number and object type of the 13 engravings
contained within it as COMPONENTS. However, another collection may describe
the suite, then also fully describe each of the individual engravings;
in this case, the parts would be noted as OBJECT/WORK - COMPONENTS and
the records for the parts would be associated with the record for the
suite through RELATED WORKS.
The
relationships between a work and its parts may be complex, especially
when a given description refers to many objects, each of which itself
has constituent parts. Maintain these relationships so that, for example,
a saucer in a tea set remains linked to its cup, rather than being associated
with a teapot in the set.
TERMINOLOGY/FORMAT
Free-text: This is not a controlled field. Maintain consistent
capitalization, punctuation, and syntax where possible.
RELATED
CATEGORIES and ACCESS
This set of subcategories records the parts of the work referred to in
OBJECT/WORK. When the parts are also described individually in separate
records, maintain the relationships between the parts and the whole. These
relationships are accessible through RELATED WORKS.
1.4.1. Components Quantity
DEFINITION
The
number of parts of a specific type that constitute the object, work, group,
collection, or series described.
EXAMPLES
1
25
60
DISCUSSION
and GUIDELINES
Optional: Record the number of parts or items of a given
kind belonging to a work, group, collection, or series. The
category should repeat with OBJECT/WORK - COMPONENTS - TYPE
to index the quantity and kind of parts.
TERMINOLOGY/FORMAT
Controlled format: Whole numbers or decimal
fractions only.
RELATED
CATEGORIES and ACCESS
This
subcategory and OBJECT/WORK - COMPONENTS - TYPE may be associated with
other COMPONENTS that are part of a larger work or group, as when a panel
is part of a predella, which is itself part of an altarpiece.
1.4.2. Components Type
DEFINITION
The kind of components of the object, work, group, collection,
or series described.
EXAMPLES
panels
folios
paintings
drawings
videos
saucer
prints
orange crates
dome
DISCUSSION
and GUIDELINES
Optional: Record the type of parts or items
of a given kind belonging to a work, group, collection, or
series. The category should repeat with OBJECT/WORK - COMPONENTS
- QUANTITY to index the quantity and kind of parts. Use lower
case.
TECHNOLOGY/FORMAT
.Authority:
Control this subcategory with the GENERIC CONCEPT AUTHORITY, which can be populated with the AAT and other terminology from
the controlled vocabularies named in OBJECT/WORK - TYPE above.
RELATED
CATEGORIES and ACCESS
If
components are indexed here but not recorded in separate work records
and linked as RELATED WORKS, the OBJECT/WORK - TYPE will serve as PRIMARY
ACCESS POINT. Researchers will need to find all works of a particular
type, whether they are described individually in separate records or noted
only as COMPONENTS. For example, a researcher may wish to find photographs,
whether they are described individually or are components of albums. Note
that complex relationships must be accommodated, as when a saucer is part
of a cup and saucer set, and the cup-and-saucer together are part of a
tea set.
1.5. Remarks
DEFINITION
Additional notes or comments pertinent to information in
this category..
DISCUSSION and GUIDELINES
Optional: Record a note regarding the Object/Work.
Use consistent syntax and format. For rules regarding writing
notes, see DESCRIPTIVE NOTE.
TERMINOLOGY/FORMAT
Free-text: This is not a controlled field.
Use consistent syntax and format.
1.6. Citations
DEFINITION
A reference to a bibliographic source, unpublished document,
or individual opinion that provides the basis for the information
recorded in this category.
DISCUSSION and GUIDELINES
Optional: Record the sources used for information
in this category. For a full set of rules for CITATIONS, see
RELATED TEXTUAL REFERENCES - CITATIONS.
FORMAT/TERMINOLOGY
Authority: Ideally, this information is controlled
by citations in the citations authority; see RELATED TEXTUAL
REFERENCES.
1.6.1. Page
DEFINITION
Page number, volume, date accessed for Web sites, and any
other information indicating where in the source the information
was found.
DISCUSSION and GUIDELINES
Optional: For a full set of rules for PAGE,
see RELATED TEXTUAL REFERENCES - CITATIONS - PAGE.
FORMAT/TERMINOLOGY
Free-text: This is not a controlled field.
Use consistent syntax and format.
EXAMPLES
[the examples below include subcategories in this chapter
in addition to the CLASSIFICATION-TERM subcategory]
[Object/Work Type referring to form]
Catalog Level:
item
Classification:
sculpture
Object/Work Type:
statuette
[Object/Work Type referring to form]
Catalog Level:
item
Classification:
architecture
Object/Work Type:
basilica
[Object/Work Type referring to function]
Catalog Level:
item
Classification:
decorative arts
Object/Work Type
mosque lamp
[Object/Work Type referring to function]
Catalog Level:
item
Classification:
paintings
Object/Work Type:
altarpiece
[Object/Work Types referring to function and form]
Catalog Level:
item
Classification:
architecture
Object/Work Type:
cathedral | basilica
[Object/Work Type referring to materials or technique]
Catalog Level:
item
Classification:
prints
Object/Work Type:
engraving
[Object/Work Type referring to content]
Catalog Level:
item
Classification:
textiles
Object/Work Type:
sampler
[Object/Work Types referring to content]
Catalog Level:
item
Classification:
drawings
Object/Work Type:
design drawing | elevation
[Object/Work Type referring to performance]
Catalog Level:
item
Classification:
performance art
Object/Work Type:
performance art | installation
[Object/Work Type has changed over time]
Catalog Level:
item
Classification:
architecture
Object/Work Type:
church
Work Type Date: from
4th century
Earliest Date:
0300 Latest Date: 1500
Object/Work Type:
mosque
Work Type Date:
under Ottomans
Earliest Date:
1500 Latest Date: 1934
Object/Work Type:
museum
Work Type Date:
since 1934
Earliest Date:
1934 Latest Date: 9999
[One way to record parts of a group; the parts may or
may not be cataloged separately and linked as Related Works]
Catalog Level:
group
Classification:
drawings
Object/Work Type:
architectural drawings
Components: group contains 47 architectural
drawings
Components Type: presentation drawings Quantity:
9
Components Type: elevations Quantity:
12
Components Type: oblique projections Quantity:
20
Components Type: plans Quantity: 6
[A second way to record parts of a group; the parts may or may not
be cataloged separately and linked as Related Works]
Catalog Level:
group
Classification:
drawings
Object/Work Type:
presentation drawings | elevations | oblique projections
| plans
[A third way to record parts of a group; the parts may or may not
be cataloged separately and linked as Related Works]
Catalog Level:
group
Classification:
drawings
Object/Work Type:
presentation drawings | elevations | oblique projections
| plans
Dimensions Description:
47 items; various dimensions
Extent: items Value: 47 Type:
count
NOTE: The outline numbers are subject to change; they are
intended only to organize this document.
Revised 19 October 2015
|
