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Caravaggio, Michelangelo Merisi da (Italian painter, 1571-1610)
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Note: An extremely original and influential artist, known for his decorum-defying naturalism, tenebrism, and method of painting 'alla prima.' His naturalism is dervied from Flemish art mediated through 16th-century Veneto-Lombard painting. This naturalism may have influenced his decision to paint in oil in a narrow range of earth colors. He is called 'Caravaggio' after his birthplace near Milan. After an apprenticeship with Simone Peterzano, he moved to Rome circa 1588. His early secular works typically consist of half-length, often androgynous, figures set in a shallow space, typically with prominent, illusionistic still-life elements (he worked in the workshop of the Roman artist Giuseppe Cesari as a fruit and flower specialist). These paintings are often considered homoerotic and may embody poetical, allegorical, or emblematic conceits. Caravaggio had a number of high-ranking ecclesiastical patrons including Cardinal del Monte, who gave him his first monumental commission for the Contarelli chapel in S. Luigi dei Francesi. These paintings ("Calling of St. Matthew," "Martyrdom of St. Matthew," St. Matthew Writing his Gospel" (1599-1600) contain Caravaggio's earliest use of the tenebrism for which he is very well-known. The strong contrasts in light and dark are in keeping with the actual restricted light of the chapel and emphasize the spiritual significance of the painted scenes. Another important commission was for the controversial monumental paintings "Martyrdom of St. Peter" and "Conversion of St. Paul" (1600-01) for the Cerasi chapel in Sta Maria del Popolo. After these commissions, which depicted traditional subject matter in completely new ways, he almost exclusively painted large-scale religious pictures, for which he received many commissions. His turbulent life often led to scandal and in 1606 he fled Rome after killing his opponent in a brawl over a wager on a game of tennis. Wounded, he fled to Naples where he resumed painting monumental devotional works. He went to Malta in 1608 where he joined the Order of St. John; this was short-lived, however, and he was imprisoned after quarreling with a superior. After escaping and spending time in Sicily and again in Naples, he died of malarial fever while returning to Rome in hope of a pardon. His late religious paintings are in a new style in which all inessential elements are removed and the crowded drama and energy of his earlier paintings are replaced by a sense of quiet and contemplation. He had no pupils but he had a plethora of followers (the 'Caravaggisti'). Comment on works: Genre; Religious |
Names: |
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Caravaggio, Michelangelo Merisi da (preferred,V,index,LC,English-P,NA,U) |
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Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (V,display) |
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Caravaggio (V,Dutch-P,NA) |
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he is commonly referred to by by this name only |
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Michelangelo da Caravaggio (V) |
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Caravaggio, Michelangelo (V) |
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Merisi, Michelangelo (V) |
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Caravage, Michel Ange Merisi de (V) |
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Carravaggio, Michelangelo Merisi da (V) |
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Carravagio, Michelangelo Merisi da (V) |
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Caravagio, Michelangelo Merisi da (V) |
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Caravaggi, Michelangelo Merisi da (V) |
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Caravaccio, Michelangelo Merisi da (V) |
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Michel Angelo Caravaggio (V) |
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Michael Angelo da Caravaggio (V) |
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Carravage, Michel Ange Merisi de (V) |
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Caravach, Michelangelo Merisi da (V) |
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Caravege, Michelangelo Merisi da (V) |
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Michel Ange de Caravage (V) |
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Michel Ange du Caravage (V) |
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Michel'Angelo da Caravaggio (V) |
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Roles: |
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artist (preferred) |
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painter |
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genre artist |
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engraver (printmaker) |
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Related People or Corporate Bodies: |
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| apprentice of .... |
Peterzano, Simone apprenticed in 1584 |
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(Italian painter, active 1573-1592, died after 1596) [500031140] |
| employee of .... |
Cesari, Giuseppe |
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(Italian painter, 1568-1640) [500115051] |
| influenced .... |
Caravaggisti |
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(Italian and Northern European painters, active 17th century) [500355250] |
| influenced .... |
Caroselli, Angelo |
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(Italian painter, 1585-1652) [500006506] |
| patron was .... |
Wignacourt, Aloph de |
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(Maltese grandmaster and patron, 1547-1622) [500341732] |
| teacher of .... |
Caravaggio, Cecco del |
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(Italian painter, active ca. 1610-1620) [500031649] |
| teacher of .... |
Minniti, Mario |
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(Italian painter, 1557-1640) [500005343] |
| teacher of .... |
Paladini, Filippo |
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(Italian painter, ca. 1544-1615) [500160984] |
| teacher of .... |
Spada, Leonello |
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(Italian painter, 1576-1622) [500030547] |
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List/Hierarchical Position: |
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Biographies:
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(Italian painter, 1571-1610) ..... [VP Preferred]
(Italian painter, 1571/2-1610) ..... [BHA]
(Italian artist, 1571-1609/1610) ..... [WL-Courtauld]
(Italian painter) ..... [AVERY]
(Italian painter, 1571-1610) ..... [Grove Art]
(artist, 1573-1610) ..... [GRL]
(artist, active 20th century) ..... [GRISC]
(Italian artist, 1571-1610) ..... [PROV]
(Italian artist, 1571-1610) ..... [IMJ]
(Italian artist, 1571-1610) ..... [MoMA]
(Italian painter, 1571-1610) ..... [RKD]
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Additional Names: |
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Michel'Angelo Caravaggio (V) |
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Michelange de Caravage (V) |
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Michelange de Carravage (V) |
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Michiel Angelo di Caravajo (V) |
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Michelangelo Amerighi da Caravaggio (V) |
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formerly, the name "Amerighi" and variants of it were incorrectly added to Caravaggio's name |
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Michelangelo Amerigi da Caravaggio (V) |
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Michelangelo Merigi da Caravaggio (V) |
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Michelangelo Morigi da Caravaggio (V) |
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Caravaggio, Amerighi (V) |
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Karavadzho, Mikelʹandzhelo da (U) |
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Merizi, Mikelʹandzhelo (U) |
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Amerighi, Michelangelo (U) |
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Merisio, Michelangelo (U) |
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Da Caravaggio, Michelangelo Merisi (U) |
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Merisi da Caravaggio, Michelangelo (U) |
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Caravage (U) |
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Merisi, Michelange (U) |
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Caravage, Michelange de (U) |
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Caravaggi, M. de (U) |
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קרוואג׳יו (U) |
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Caravaggio, Michelangelo Merisi Da (V) |
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Michelangelo Merisi Da Caravaggio (V) |
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Caravagio (U) |
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Carravaggio (U) |
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Carravaggio, Michael Angelo Merigi, detto da (U) |
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Carravagio (U) |
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Le Caravage, dit Michel-Ange des Batailles (U) |
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Michael Ange de Carravage (U) |
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Michael Angelo Amerigi da Caravaggio (U) |
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Michael Angelo Caravaggio (U) |
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Michael Angelo Merigi genannt Carravagio (U) |
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Mich. Angelo Merici da Carravagio (U) |
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Michelangiolo Amerighi, dit Le Caravage (U) |
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Michel Angiolo de Caravaggio (U) |
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Michel Ang.o Caravaggio (U) |
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Amerighi da Caravaggio, Michelangelo (U) |
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Amerigi da Caravaggio, Michelangelo (U) |
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Merigi da Caravaggio, Michelangelo (U) |
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Merisio da Caravaggio, Michelangelo (U) |
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Morigi da Caravaggio, Michelangelo (U) |
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קרוואג'יו, מיכלאנג'לו מריזי דה (U,Hebrew-P,NA,U) |
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Amerighi Michelangelo da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Averigi of Carravaggio (LU,U) |
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carabacho (LU,U) |
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Carage (LU,U) |
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Caravacci (LU,U) |
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Caravaccio (LU,U) |
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Caravach (LU,U) |
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Caravacho (LU,U) |
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Caravacio (LU,U) |
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Caravaggi (LU,U) |
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Caravaggica (LU,U) |
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caravaggio amerighi (LU,U) |
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Caravaggio Michelangelo (LU,U) |
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caravaggio, michel angelo (LU,U) |
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caravaggio, michelangelo (LU,U) |
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Caravaggio, Michelangelo Americhi (LU,U) |
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Caravaggio, Michelangelo Merisi (LU,U) |
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Caravaggio, Michelangelo Merisi gen. (LU,U) |
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Caravaggo (LU,U) |
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Caravagi (LU,U) |
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Caravege (LU,U) |
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Carragio (LU,U) |
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Carraiagio (LU,U) |
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Carrauagio (LU,U) |
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Carravage (LU,U) |
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Carravaggio, Michael Angelo Merigi, detto da, Milan (LU,U) |
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carravaggio, michelangelo americhi (LU,U) |
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Carravaggio, Michelangelo, Americhi (LU,U) |
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Carravagi (LU,U) |
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Carravago (LU,U) |
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Carvache (LU,U) |
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Carvaggio (LU,U) |
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Corravagio (LU,U) |
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curabicho (LU,U) |
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curablicho (LU,U) |
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Garavaggi (LU,U) |
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Le Caravache (LU,U) |
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le Caravage (LU,U) |
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le Carravage (LU,U) |
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m. a. amerighi genannt caravaggio (LU,U) |
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M.A. Caravage (LU,U) |
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M.A. Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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M. A. Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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M.A. Caravagio (LU,U) |
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M. A. Caravagio (LU,U) |
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M. A. Carravag (LU,U) |
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M.A. Carravag (LU,U) |
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M. A. Carravag. (LU,U) |
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M.A. Carravag. (LU,U) |
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M.A. Carravaggio (LU,U) |
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M. A. Carravaggio (LU,U) |
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M.A. Carravagio (LU,U) |
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M. A. Carravagio (LU,U) |
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M.A. Carraveggio (LU,U) |
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M.A. da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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M. A. da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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M.A. da Carravaggio (LU,U) |
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M.A. da Carravagio (LU,U) |
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M. A. de Caravage (LU,U) |
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M.A. de Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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M. Ange Caravagio (LU,U) |
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M. Ange de Caravage (LU,U) |
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M. Angelo (LU,U) |
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M. Angelo Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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M Angelo Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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M. Angelo Caravagio (LU,U) |
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M. Angelo Carravaggio (LU,U) |
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M. Angelo Carravagio (LU,U) |
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M. Angelo Da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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M. Angelo da Caravagio (LU,U) |
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M. Angelo da Carravaggio (LU,U) |
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M. Angelo da Carravagio (LU,U) |
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M. Angelo da Carrawaggio (LU,U) |
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M. Angelo de Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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M. Angelo di Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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M. Caravagio (LU,U) |
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M. Carravagio (LU,U) |
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M. D. Carravaggio (LU,U) |
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M. de Carravage (LU,U) |
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Merigi (LU,U) |
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Micael Angel (LU,U) |
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micael angel caraballo (LU,U) |
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Mic. Angel Carravaggio (LU,U) |
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Mic. Angelo Carravaggio (LU,U) |
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Micchelangelo da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Micelangelo da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michael Angel Caravacho (LU,U) |
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Michael Angelo (LU,U) |
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Michael Angelo Amerigi, da Caravagio (LU,U) |
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Michael Angelo Amerigi dit le Caravach (LU,U) |
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Michaelangelo Carabucho (LU,U) |
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michael Angelo caravacho (LU,U) |
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Michael Angelo Caravagio (LU,U) |
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Michael Angelo Caravasi (LU,U) |
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Michael Angelo Carraggio (LU,U) |
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Michael Angelo Carravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michael Angelo Carravagio (LU,U) |
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Michaelangelo da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michael Angelo da Caravagio (LU,U) |
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Michael Angelo da Carravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michaël Angelo da Carravagio (LU,U) |
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Michael Angelo da Carvaggio (LU,U) |
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Michael Angelo de Carravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michael Angelo de Carravagio (LU,U) |
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Michael Angelo de Carvagio (LU,U) |
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Michael Angelo of Caravagio (LU,U) |
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Michaell Angelo (LU,U) |
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Mich. Ang. Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Mich. Ang. Carravagio (LU,U) |
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Mich. Ang. da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Mich. Ang. da Caravagio (LU,U) |
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Mich. Angelo (LU,U) |
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Mich. Angelo Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Mich. Angelo Caravagio (LU,U) |
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Mich. Angelo de Carravagio (LU,U) |
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Michel Agnolo da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michelag.o da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michel Amerigi Angelo da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michelan Garavagna (LU,U) |
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Michel-Ange Amerigi de Caravage (LU,U) |
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Michel AngeAmerigi de Caravage (LU,U) |
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Michel-Ange Caravage (LU,U) |
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Michel Ange Caravage (LU,U) |
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Michel Ange Carravage (LU,U) |
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Michel-Ange de Caravage (LU,U) |
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michelange de Carravage (LU,U) |
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Michel-Ange de Carravage (LU,U) |
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Michel Ange de Carravage (LU,U) |
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Michel Ange, dit Carravagio (LU,U) |
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Michel Ange dit le Caravage (LU,U) |
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Michel-Ange, dit le Carravage (LU,U) |
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Michelangelo (LU,U) |
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Michelangelo Amerighi Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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michel angelo amerighi, gen. carravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michelangelo Amerigi (LU,U) |
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Michel Angelo Caravaccio (LU,U) |
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Michelangelo Caravaggi (LU,U) |
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Michel'Angelo Caravaggi (LU,U) |
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Michelangelo Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michelangelo Caravagli (LU,U) |
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Michelangelo Caraveggio (LU,U) |
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michelangelo carravaggio (LU,U) |
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michel angelo carravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michel Angelo Carvasio (LU,U) |
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Michelangelo da Caravaccio (LU,U) |
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Michel Angelo da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michel-Angelo da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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michel'Angelo dà Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michelangelo da Caravagio (LU,U) |
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Michel Angelo da Caravagio (LU,U) |
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Michel Angelo da Caravaglio (LU,U) |
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Michel Angelo da Caravancio (LU,U) |
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Michel Angelo da Caravazzi (LU,U) |
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Michel Angelo da Carvaggio (LU,U) |
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Michel Angelo de Caravachio (LU,U) |
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Michel Angelo de Caravagio (LU,U) |
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Michel Angelo de Caravasio (LU,U) |
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Michel Angelo de la Caravagio (LU,U) |
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Michel Angelo di Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michelangelo di Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michel Angelo di Roma (LU,U) |
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Michel Angelo Dj Caravaggi (LU,U) |
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Michelangelo Garavaggi (LU,U) |
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Michelangelo Merisi, called Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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michel angelo merisi gen. caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michelangelo Merisio da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michel Angiello da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michelangiolo da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michelangiolo di Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michel Ang.o Caravacci (LU,U) |
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Michelang.o da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michelang.o del Caravaccio (LU,U) |
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Michel Caravaggi (LU,U) |
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michel caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michel de Caravage (LU,U) |
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Michele-Angelo Amerigi da caravagio (LU,U) |
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Michele-Angelo Amerigida Carvagio (LU,U) |
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Michele Angelo da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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MicheleAngelo da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michele Angelo di Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michiel Angelo Caravagio (LU,U) |
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Michiel Angelo Caroche (LU,U) |
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MichielAngelo da Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Michiel Angelo de Caravagio (LU,U) |
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Miguel-Ange de Carravage (LU,U) |
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A. Caravaggio (LU,U) |
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Sources and Contributors: |
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| Amerighi da Caravaggio, Michelangelo ........ | [RKD] |
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RKD Artists database (2000-) 15262 |
| Amerigi da Caravaggio, Michelangelo ........ | [RKD] |
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RKD Artists database (2000-) 15262 |
| Caravaggio, Michelangelo Merisi da ........ | [AVERY Preferred, BHA Preferred, GRISC Preferred, GRL Preferred, GRLPA Preferred, Grove Art Preferred, IMJ Preferred, PROV Preferred, RKD, VP Preferred, WCI Preferred, WL-Courtauld] |
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Avery Authority files (1963-)
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Bénézit, Dictionnaire des Peintres (1976) 2:514
| ................................................................... |
Database for the Witt Checklist of Painters c. 1200-1976 (1978-)
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Grove Art artist database (1989-)
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Grove Dictionary of Art online (1999-2002) accessed 11 December 2002
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Harald Szeemann papers, Finding Aid, GRI Special Collections (2011-)
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Israel Museum Jerusalem database
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Library of Congress Authorities data (n.d.) n 50000558
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M. Knoedler & Co. records, Finding Aid, GRI Special Collections (2012-)
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Oxford Concise Dictionary of Art and Artists (1996) 90
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RILA/BHA (1975-2000)
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RKD Artists database (2000-) 15262
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Thieme-Becker, Allgemeines Lexikon der Künstler (1980-1986) 5/570
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Witt Library, Authority files | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Merisio da Caravaggio, Michelangelo ........ | [RKD] |
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RKD Artists database (2000-) 15262 |
| Subject: ........ | [AVERY, BHA, Gallery Systems, GRISC, GRL, GRLPA, Grove Art, IMJ, MoMA, PROV, RKD, VP, WCI, WCP, WL-Courtauld] |
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Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon (1983-)
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Bénézit, Dictionnaire des Peintres (1976) 2:514
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Bolaffi, Dizionario dei pittori italiani (1972-1976)
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Cinotti, Vita del Caravaggio, Quaderni di Palazzo Venezia (1989)
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Database for the Witt Checklist of Painters c. 1200-1976 (1978-)
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Dizionario biografico degli Italiani (1960)
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Encyclopedia of World Art (1959-1987)
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Gallery Systems (2000-) LOC ID: n50000558
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Getty Provenance Index Databases [online] (1989-)
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Getty Vocabulary Program rules 63559
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Grove Art artist database (1989-)
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Grove Dictionary of Art online (1999-2002) accessed 11 December 2002
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Harald Szeemann papers, Finding Aid, GRI Special Collections (2011-)
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Israel Museum Jerusalem database
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J. Paul Getty Museum, collections online (2000-)
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Library of Congress Authorities data (n.d.) LOC ID: n50000558
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Metropolitan Museum of Art, Age of Caravaggio (1985)
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Moir, Caravaggio (1982)
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Oxford Concise Dictionary of Art and Artists (1996) 90; 99
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Provenance Index Databases, Authority file (1985-)
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RILA/BHA (1975-2000)
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RKD Artists database (2000-) 15262
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Thieme-Becker, Allgemeines Lexikon der Künstler (1980-1986) 5/570
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ULAN 500115312
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VIAF: Virtual International Authority File [online] (2009-) 87679282
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Wikidata online (2000-) Q42207
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Witt Library, Authority files | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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