12.

Provenance

–1981, Robert Blaugrund (Los Angeles, California); 1981, donated to the J. Paul Getty Museum; according to Museum documentation at the time of acquisition, Blaugrund bought this and a number of other objects at Parke-Bernet and Christie’s in the 1950s, but the krater has yet to be identified in any sale catalogue of the period.

Shape and Ornament

Rim slightly convex on top with a vertical overhang; a flat handle plate extending beyond the rim at each side supported by two columns; ovoid body; ogee foot. Top of rim has a black ivy vine on reserved background. Overhang of rim on side B is decorated with a double row of dots between lines. On neck: A, black ivy vine between two black lines in a reserve panel; B, black glazed. Figural decoration on the body is set in panels framed by a double row of dots between black lines at the sides, by a tongue pattern on the shoulder at the junction with the neck, and by a red line running around the vase. The frame defines the panel only on three sides, without a groundline.

Outside foot black, except for lower part. Resting surface and underside of foot reserved. Interior black.

Subject

Overhang of rim, A: In black silhouette, two pairs of a lion and a boar.

A. Two satyrs and a maenad. Nude satyrs flank the maenad and grab her shoulders. They gesture with their free hands as if in discussion. The maenad moves to right looking back and is dressed in a chiton decorated with a row of dots in the lower part and a himation. She holds a thyrsos in her left hand. The right foot of the satyr at left disappears into the side frame.

B. Two youths in himatia. Facing each other, they both extend their right arm as if in conversation. A strigil hangs in the upper right corner.

Attribution and Date

Attributed to the Florence Painter or his workshop by J. R. Guy. Circa 450 B.C.

Dimensions and Condition

Height 31 cm; diam. of rim 18.5 cm (inside); diam. of rim 26 cm (outside); width with handles 30.4 cm; diam. of body 23.1–.4 cm; diam. of foot 12.9 cm. Capacity to rim is 5.059 liters. Reconstructed from fragments. Modern restoration: area including the head, neck, left shoulder, and thumb of the youth standing at left on B. Abrasion in places. Misfired on part of foot (side A). Numerous areas of encrustation.

Technical Features

Preliminary sketch. Relief contour.

Bibliography

Not previously published.

Comparanda

For the Florence Painter, see Abbreviation: ARV²J. D. Beazley. Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters. 2nd ed. Oxford, 1963 540–46, 1568; A. Tullio, “I crateri attici del Museo Mandralisca e le maniere del Pittore di Firenze,” in I vasi attici ed altre ceramiche coeve in Sicilia: Atti del Convegno Internazionale, Catania, Camarina, Gela, Vittoria, 28 marzo–1 aprile 1990, vol. 2, Cronache di archeologia e di storia dell’arte, Università di Catania 30 (Catania, 1996), pp. 141–54; Abbreviation: Agora 30M. B. Moore. Attic Red-Figured and White-Ground Pottery. The Athenian Agora, vol. 30. Princeton, 1997, p. 105; M. Platonos-Giota, “Erithromorphos kratēras apo tis Acharnes,” Archaiologikon Deltion 55 (2000): 113–42.

Cf. the satyrs by the Florence Painter on the column-kraters in Cefalù, Museo Mandralisca inv. no. 4 (Abbreviation: ARV²J. D. Beazley. Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters. 2nd ed. Oxford, 1963 543.4; Tullio, “I crateri attici” [supra], p. 143, figs. 3–4); Syracuse, Museo Archeologico 22758 (Abbreviation: ARV²J. D. Beazley. Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters. 2nd ed. Oxford, 1963 542.27; Tullio, “I crateri attici” [supra], p. 149, fig. 15), esp. the wrinkles on the forehead of the satyr. Cf. the woman on the column-krater from Agrigento (in Abbreviation: ARV²J. D. Beazley. Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters. 2nd ed. Oxford, 1963 545.7, the vase is attributed to the manner of the Florence Painter while Tullio, “I crateri attici” [supra], p. 149, fig. 21, attributes it to the Florence Painter).

For animals in black silhouette decorating the overhang of a rim by the Florence Painter, see a column-krater in Florence, Museo Archeologico Etrusco 3997 (Abbreviation: ARV²J. D. Beazley. Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters. 2nd ed. Oxford, 1963 541.1, 1658; Abbreviation: ParalipomenaJ. D. Beazley. Paralipomena: Additions to Attic Black-Figure Vase-Painters and to Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters. Oxford, 1971 385; Abbreviation: CVACorpus Vasorum Antiquorum Florence, Regio Museo Archeologico 2 [Italy 13], pl. 39.3). Cf. an unattributed column-krater in Altenburg, Staatliches Lindenau-Museum 276 (Abbreviation: CVACorpus Vasorum Antiquorum Altenburg 2 [Germany 18], pl. 56.1.5), with the same decoration on the rim and neck. See also an unattributed and unpublished column-krater from the Sindos cemetery in the Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki, IST 3081 (V. Misailidou-Despotidou, D. Aktseli, and A. Arvanitaki, eds., …neos kai me hygeian aristēn…: Opseis tēs zoēs ton neōn stēn archaia Makedonia [Thessaloniki, 2014], p. 91, no. 52, entry by A. Keramaris), with a similar motif on the neck. For a variation placing the same motif on the overhang of the rim, cf. a column-krater by the Alkimachos Painter in Ferrara, Museo Nazionale di Spina T1036BVP (Abbreviation: ARV²J. D. Beazley. Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters. 2nd ed. Oxford, 1963 1658.49 ter; Abbreviation: BAPDBeazley Archive Pottery Database. http://www.beazley.ox.ac.uk 275267). For the black silhouette frieze on the overhang of the rim, cf. a column-krater by the Painter of Syracuse 23510 in Baltimore, Walters Art Gallery 48.69 (Abbreviation: ARV²J. D. Beazley. Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters. 2nd ed. Oxford, 1963 510.3; Abbreviation: CVACorpus Vasorum Antiquorum Baltimore, Walters Art Gallery 1 [USA 28], pl. 15); a fragmentary column-krater by the Villa Giulia Painter in Argos, Archaeological Museum 8069 (G. Kavvadias, “Ho Thēseus kai o Marathōnios Tauros: Paratērēseis se ena neo attiko erythromorpho kionōto kratēra apo to Argos,” in Abbreviation: Athenian Potters and PaintersAthenian Potters and Painters: The Conference Proceedings. 3 vols. Vol. 1, edited by J. H. Oakley, W. D. E. Coulson, and O. Palagia. Oxbow Monograph 67. Vol. 2, edited by J. H. Oakley and O. Palagia. Vol. 3, edited by J. H. Oakley. Oxford, 1997 (vol. 1), 2009 (vol. 2), 2014 (vol. 3), vol. 1, pp. 309–18, figs. 1, 2, 5); a column-krater by the Duomo Painter in London, Harrow School 1864.65 (Abbreviation: ARV²J. D. Beazley. Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters. 2nd ed. Oxford, 1963 1118.18; Abbreviation: CVACorpus Vasorum Antiquorum Harrow 1 [Great Britain 21], pl. 17); a column-krater by the Painter of the Louvre Centauromachy in Paris, Louvre G 405 (Abbreviation: ARV²J. D. Beazley. Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters. 2nd ed. Oxford, 1963 1088.12; M. Denoyelle, “Attic or Non-Attic? The Case of the Pisticci Painter,” in Abbreviation: Athenian Potters and PaintersAthenian Potters and Painters: The Conference Proceedings. 3 vols. Vol. 1, edited by J. H. Oakley, W. D. E. Coulson, and O. Palagia. Oxbow Monograph 67. Vol. 2, edited by J. H. Oakley and O. Palagia. Vol. 3, edited by J. H. Oakley. Oxford, 1997 (vol. 1), 2009 (vol. 2), 2014 (vol. 3), vol. 1, pp. 395–405, esp. p. 397, fig. 2); a fragmentary column-krater from Spina (L. Zamboni, Spina città liquida: Gli scavi 1977–1981 nell’abitato e i materiali tardo-arcaici e classici [Leidorf, 2016], pp. 99, 105, no. 290, pls. 7, 78); a column-krater by the Painter of the Louvre Centauromachy in Warsaw, National Museum 147955 (Abbreviation: ARV²J. D. Beazley. Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters. 2nd ed. Oxford, 1963 1683.34 bis; Abbreviation: ParalipomenaJ. D. Beazley. Paralipomena: Additions to Attic Black-Figure Vase-Painters and to Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters. Oxford, 1971 449; Abbreviation: BAPDBeazley Archive Pottery Database. http://www.beazley.ox.ac.uk 275458; Abbreviation: CVACorpus Vasorum Antiquorum Warsaw 3 [Poland 6], pl. 29.1–2). The last carries similar figural decoration on the body, with two satyrs flanking a maenad moving to left and holding a thyrsos in her left hand.

For the iconography of the thiasos, see entry no. 17 (81.AE.188.7).

For satyrs pursuing maenads, see entry no. 5 (86.AE.206).

For the thyrsos, see F. G. Papen, Der Thyrsos in der griechischen und römischen Literatur und Kunst (Bonn, 1905); J. D. Beazley, “Narthex,” Abbreviation: AJAAmerican Journal of Archaeology 37 (1933): 400–403. W. Burkert, in Structure and History in Greek Mythology and Ritual (Berkeley, 1979), p. 43, considers the thyrsos as a stylized form of a ritual branch and as a symbol demonstrating the power of Dionysos. For the association of thyrsos with Semitic words meaning “wine,” see A. J. Frendo, “Phoenician Wine Could Be Divine,” in Actas del IV Congreso Internacional de Estudios Fenicios y Púnicos: Cádiz, 2 al 6 de octubre de 1995, vol. 2 (Cadiz, 2000), pp. 607–8 (with bibliography).

For the ivy vine on top of the rim and the animal frieze in black silhouette on the overhang of the rim, cf. a column-krater by the Painter of the Louvre Centauromachy in the Classics Department Museum of the Australian National University, Canberra 64.01 (Abbreviation: ParalipomenaJ. D. Beazley. Paralipomena: Additions to Attic Black-Figure Vase-Painters and to Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters. Oxford, 1971 449.33 bis; J. R. Green, A Description of the Classics Department Museum in the Australian National University, Canberra [Canberra, 1981], pp. 41–42). For the use and technique of the animal frieze in black silhouette, see Abbreviation: Kunze-Götte, Der Kleophrades-MalerE. Kunze-Götte. Der Kleophrades-Maler unter Malern schwarzfigurigen Amphoren. Mainz, 1992, pp. 28–29, 42–51. See also entry no. 1 (86.AE.205).

For an ivy vine on the neck, cf. a column-krater by the Deepdene Painter in Madrid, Museo Arqueológico Nacional 32656 (Abbreviation: ARV²J. D. Beazley. Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters. 2nd ed. Oxford, 1963 499.20; Abbreviation: CVACorpus Vasorum Antiquorum Madrid 2 [Spain 2], pl. 15); a column-krater by the Sindos Painter in Thessaloniki, Archaeological Museum 7786 (Sindos: Exhibition Catalogue [Thessaloniki, 1985], pp. 30–31, no. 35, entry by M. Tiverios); a column-krater related to the painter of London E 356 or by the workshop of the Penthesilea Painter in Laon, Musée de Laon 371036 (Abbreviation: ARV²J. D. Beazley. Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters. 2nd ed. Oxford, 1963 1669; Abbreviation: CVACorpus Vasorum Antiquorum Laon 1 [France 20], pls. I, III, 1, 37.1).