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armonicas (musical glasses, friction idiophones, ... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name)) |
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Note: Musical glasses developed by Benjamin Franklin around 1761, in which glass bowls of graded size fitted concentrically on a horizontal rod are turned by a crank attached to a pedal as the player rubs the rims with slightly moistened or chalk-dusted fingers to produce sound. In a slightly later development, a shallow trough of water is fitted below the rod, which is mounted obliquely so that the bowls are moistened as they rotate.
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| Terms: |
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| armonicas (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,PN)
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| armonica (C,U,English,AD,U,SN)
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| armonica (Dutch,AD,U,U)
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| glass harmonica (C,U,LC,English,AD,U,SN)
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| glass harmonicas (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| harmonicas, glass (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| 玻璃琴 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
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| 玻璃鐘琴 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| 玻璃碗琴 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| bō lí qín (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
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| bo li qin (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
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| po li ch'in (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
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| armonica's (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,U)
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| harmonica de verre (C,U,French-P,AD,U,MSN)
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| Glasharmonika (C,V,German-P,D,SN)
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| Armonica (C,V,German,AD,SN)
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| Glasharmoniken (C,V,German,AD,PN)
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| Glasharmonikas (C,V,German,NA,PN)
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| armónicas (idiófonos) (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,PN)
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| armónica (idiófono) (C,U,Spanish,AD,U,SN)
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Facet/Hierarchy Code: V.TT |
Hierarchical Position:
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Objects Facet |
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.... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name) (G) |
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........ Sound Devices (hierarchy name) (G) |
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............ sound devices (equipment) (G) |
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................ <sound devices by acoustical characteristics> (G) |
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.................... idiophones (G) |
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........................ friction idiophones (G) |
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............................ musical glasses (G) |
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................................ armonicas (G) |
Additional Notes: |
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| Chinese (traditional) ..... 西元1761年左右，由班傑明．富蘭克林發明的音樂杯組。玻璃碗依照大小，同一軸心地裝設於水平琴桿上，演奏者以微濕或沾粉的手指摩擦玻璃碗邊緣發聲時，聯接於腳踏板的曲柄同時轉動玻碗。在稍後的發展，將裝水的淺槽固定在琴桿下方，因為琴杆傾斜放置，因此一來，玻璃碗在轉動時，即可自動沾水變濕。 |
| Dutch ..... Reeks glazen schalen waarop muziek wordt gemaakt door over de randen te wrijven met bevochtigde of met magnesium ingewreven vingers, concentrisch gemonteerd op een horizontale staaf, draaibaar d.m.v. krukas en pedaal, oplopende afmetingen; rond 1761 ontwikkeld; ook de latere versie met ondiep, licht hellend onder de staaf aangebracht gootje met water voor bevochtiging van de schalen. |
| German ..... Glasspiel, entwickelt von Benjamin Franklin um 1761, in dem Glasschalen abgestufter Größe konzentrisch an einer horizontalen Spindel aufgereiht sind und von einer Kurbel gedreht werden, die an einem Pedal befestigt ist, wenn der Spieler die Glasränder mit leicht angefeuchteten oder kreidebehafteten Fingern reibt, um einen Ton zu erzeugen. In einer etwas späteren Entwicklung ist eine flache Mulde mit Wasser unterhalb der Spindel eingebaut worden, die quer dazu angebracht ist, sodass die Schalen befeuchtet werden, wenn sie sich drehen. |
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Sources and Contributors: |
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| armonicas............ |
[GCI Preferred, VP Preferred] |
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AATA database (2002-) 120584 checked 26 January 2012 |
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Contributed as a candidate term Candidate comment -- BATEMI -- 3/94; change scope note to be clearer. |
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Diagram Group, Musical Instruments of the World (1976) illustration, 129, invent.B.Franklin; glass bowls diff. sizes fitted on a rod over water trough, turned by treadle |
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Marcuse, Musical Instruments Dictionary (1975) "B.Franklin's name for his invention which we now call glass harmonica." |
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Personal Communication Sam Quigley, Boston Museum of Fine Art, AAT review, 2/92: type of musical glasses, glasses on a rod. |
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Randel, New Harvard Dictionary of Music (1986) illustration, in entry for glass harmonica, which it says is called "armonica" ?! |
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Sadie, New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments (1984) illustration, Vol. 2, 725, in entry "musical glasses", invent. B.Franklin circa 1761; glasses on rod, turned, barely touch wate |
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