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carding machines (milling machines, mills (equipment), ... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name)) |
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Note: Mechanized devices used to increase the quality of textile materials by removing impurities, blending raw materials, and untangling/cleaning textile fibers. These devices are typically fitted with sturdy fabrics embedded with wire teeth or pins, which are used to cover a series of cylinders that rotate at varying speeds. Loose fibers are separated, removed, and/or disentangled as textile materials pass through the devices' rotating cylinders and encounter the sharp wire teeth. These machines alleviated the problem of hand carding, a task that slowed the newly mechanized production of textiles in the 18th century. Several inventors developed machines to perform carding, including John Kay, Oliver Evans, Lewis Paul, R. Arkwright, and Johann Bodmer. Mechanized devices used to increase the quality of textile materials by removing impurities, blending raw materials, and untangling/cleaning textile fibers. These devices are typically fitted with sturdy fabrics embedded with wire teeth or pins, which are used to cover a series of cylinders that rotate at varying speeds. Loose fibers are separated, removed, and/or disentangled as textile materials pass through the devices' rotating cylinders and encounter the sharp wire teeth. Mechanized devices, typically comprising a series of steel rollers, gears, and a rotating steel drum with steel bristles, designed to comb, blend, and align the fibers of raw cotton or wool in preparation for subsequent spinning processes. When passed through the device's rollers, drum, and bristles, raw materials are rid of impurities and transformed into long fleecy rolls of blended sliver. First invented in England by both Daniel Bourne and Lewis Paul in the 1740s, these devices ultimately replaced manul carding due to their speed and efficiency.
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| Terms: |
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| carding machines (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,PN)
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| wool comb (C,U,English,AD,SN)
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| carding machine (C,U,English,AD,U,SN)
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| card clothing machine (C,U,English,AD,U,SN)
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| textile carding machine (C,U,English,AD,U,SN)
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| card clothing machines (C,U,English,UF,U,U)
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| carding-machine (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| machines, carding (C,U,English,UF,U,U)
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| carding-engine (C,U,English,UF,U,U)
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| kaardmachines (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,U)
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| kaardmachine (C,U,Dutch,AD,U,U)
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| kaardes (C,U,Dutch,UF,U,U)
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| kaarde (C,U,Dutch,UF,U,U)
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| machine à garniture de carde (C,U,French-P,AD,U,FSN)
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| carde à textile (C,U,French,AD,U,MSN)
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| מסרקה לצמר (C,U,Hebrew,D,N)
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Facet/Hierarchy Code: V.TH |
Hierarchical Position:
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Objects Facet |
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.... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name) (G) |
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........ Tools and Equipment (hierarchy name) (G) |
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............ equipment (G) |
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................ <equipment by process> (G) |
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.................... <grinding and milling equipment> (G) |
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........................ <grinding and milling machinery> (G) |
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............................ mills (equipment) (G) |
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................................ milling machines (G) |
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.................................... carding machines (P,U) |
Additional Parents:
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Objects Facet |
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.... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name) (G) |
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........ Tools and Equipment (hierarchy name) (G) |
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............ equipment (G) |
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................ <equipment by material processed> (G) |
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.................... textile working equipment (G) |
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........................ <textile fabricating tools and equipment> (G) |
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............................ textile machines (G,U) |
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................................ carding machines (G) |
Additional Notes: |
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| Dutch ..... Machine om vezels te kaarden (ontwarren en evenwijdig leggen), bestaande uit twee beklede oppervlaktes die differentiaal over elkaar bewegen en waartussen de vezels worden getrokken om ze te ontwarren en de individuele vezels terug samen te voegen. |
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Related concepts: |
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| distinguished from .... |
garnett machines |
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(textile machines, <textile fabricating tools and equipment>, ... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name)) [300424811] |
| require .... |
carding combs |
| .............. |
(textile combs, <textile fabricating tools and equipment>, ... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name)) [300422672] |
| required for .... |
carding |
| ...................... |
(<yarn-making processes and techniques>, <textile construction processes and techniques>, ... Processes and Techniques (hierarchy name)) [300053751] |
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Sources and Contributors: |
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Subject: ..... |
[AASLH, CHIN / RCIP, IMJ, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP] |
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AASLH data (2016-) |
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Carding and Prior Processes, Handbook of Yarn Production (2003) 116-154 |
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CHIN / RCIP translation (2016-) |
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Deverson and Kennedy, New Zealand Oxford Dictionary [online edition] (2005) "Hargreaves, James"; accessed 7 March 2024 |
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Dictionary.com [online] (2023-) "card clothing"; accessed 16 November 2023 |
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Israel Museum Jerusalem contribution (n.d.) |
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Mokyr, Oxford Encyclopedia of Economic History [online edition] (2005) "Wool Industry"; accessed 7 March 2024 |
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Nomenclature database (2018-) http://nomenclature.info/nom/7031; scheme: Nomenclature-Objects; http://nomenclature.info/nom/7061 |
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Nomenclature for Museum Cataloging / Nomenclature pour le catalogage translation project (2016-) |
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Rivard, New Order of Things (2022) 18 |
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Textile Glossary [online] (2023-) "Card Clothing"; accessed 16 November 2023 |
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Textile School [online] (2023-) "Functions of Carding Machine;" accessed 16 November 2023; accessed 7 March 2024 |
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The Mill Museum [online] (2022-) "Factory Floor Audible Exhibit 3: Carding"; accessed 7 March 2024 |
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