ID: 700086301 Page link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/cona/700086301	Record Type: Built Work

Great Temple of Ramses II (speos; built by Ramesses II, King of Egypt; 1212 BCE; Abu Simbel (Aswān, Miṣr, Africa, World, Top of the TGN...; )

Note: Located in: Abu Simbel, Egypt, formerly on west bank of Nile, now on western bank of Lake Nasser; New Kingdom; facade includes six colossi of Ramses II and his wife Nefertari; temple consists of three consecutive halls extending 56 metres into the cliff, decorated with more Osiride statues of the king and with painted scenes of his purported victory at the Battle of Kadesh. On two days of the year (about February 22 and October 22), the first rays of the morning sun penetrate the whole length of the temple and illuminate the shrine in its innermost sanctuary.

Titles:

Great Temple of Ramses II (preferred,C,U,English-P,,N)

Great Temple of Ramesses II (C,U,English,,N)

Great Temple of Re-Harakhti Ramesses II (C,U,undetermined,,N)

Temple at Ibsamboul (C,U,undetermined,,N)

Catalog Level: item

Work Types:

speos [300007617] (preferred)

..... (Objects Facet, Built Environment (hierarchy name), Single Built Works (hierarchy name), single built works (built environment), <single built works by specific type>, <single built works by function>, ceremonial structures, religious structures, religious buildings, temples (buildings), <temples by form>, rock-cut temples)

relocated architecture [300456824]

..... (Objects Facet, Built Environment (hierarchy name), Single Built Works (hierarchy name), single built works (built environment), <single built works by specific type>, <single built works by condition>)

temple (building) [300007595]

..... (Objects Facet, Built Environment (hierarchy name), Single Built Works (hierarchy name), single built works (built environment), <single built works by specific type>, <single built works by function>, ceremonial structures, religious structures, religious buildings)

rock-cut temple [300007623]

..... (Objects Facet, Built Environment (hierarchy name), Single Built Works (hierarchy name), single built works (built environment), <single built works by specific type>, <single built works by function>, ceremonial structures, religious structures, religious buildings, temples (buildings), <temples by form>)

Classifications:

architecture (preferred)

Creation Date: 1212 BCE

Creator Display:

built by Ramesses II, King of Egypt [preferred,BWR]

patron Ramses II, King of Egypt (Egyptian king, active 13th century BCE) [500372574]

Locations:

Other: Original: Nile River [1127805] (Geographic)

Other: Lake Nasser [1120187] (Geographic)

Current: Abū Sunbul [7001444] (Geographic)

Address Note: relocated to higher inland location, 1968

Display Materials: sandstone; originally rock-cut in situ

	sandstone [300011376]
	.......(Materials Facet, Materials (hierarchy name), materials (substances), <materials by composition>, inorganic material, rock (inorganic material), sedimentary rock, <sedimentary rock by composition>)

	rock-cut architecture [300008031]
	.......(Objects Facet, Built Environment (hierarchy name), Single Built Works (hierarchy name), single built works (built environment), <single built works by specific type>, <single built works by location or context>, <single built works by location: topographical>)

Dimensions: unavailable

Events:

relocation: 1968, 65 meters higher up and 200 meters further inland

Style/Period/Group/Movement:

	New Kingdom (Egyptian) [300020353] (preferred,)
	.....(Styles and Periods Facet, Styles and Periods (hierarchy name), <styles| periods| and cultures by region>, Early Western World, Mediterranean (Early Western World), Egyptian (ancient), Egyptian periods)

General Subject:

architecture (preferred,isness,undetermined)

Specific Subjects:

	Amon-Re [901000100]
	.....((Egyptian characters, Egyptian iconography, Legend, Religion, Mythology)) (ICON)

	Re-Horakhte [901002616]
	.....((Egyptian characters, Egyptian iconography, Legend, Religion, Mythology)) (ICON)

	Battle of Kadesh [901002617]
	.....((Ancient history, Named Events)) (ICON)

Related Works:

	incorporated in .... Abu Simbel Relocation Project [700089852]
	..........engineering project; engineers and builders: Atlas Copco, Sandvik, Skånska Cement...; 1964-1968; Abu Simbel (Aswān, Miṣr, Africa, World, Top of the TGN...;

List/Hierarchical Position:

..... Built Works

.......... Built Works by class: religious, ceremonial, and funerary structures

............... Abu Simbel Temples

Sources and Contributors:
Great Temple of Ramses II	........ [VP,BWR]
	........ BWR database (2010-)
Great Temple of Ramesses II	........ [BWR,VP]
	........ BWR database (2010-) BWR3791508
Great Temple of Re-Harakhti Ramesses II	........ [VP,BWR]
	........ BWR database (2010-)
Temple at Ibsamboul	........ [VP,BWR]
	........ BWR database (2010-)

Subject: ....... [BWR,VP]

....................... Elbshbeshi, Gomaa, et al, Geomatics Techniques at Abu Simbel (2023)

....................... Berg, Salvage of the Abu Simbel Temples, Intnl. Council on Monuments and Sites (1978)

....................... Hawass, Mysteries of Abu Simbel (2000)

....................... Hill, Battle for Abu Simbel (2021)

....................... Zecchi, Abu Simbel, Aswan and the Nubian Temples (2004)

....................... Zivaljevic-Luxor and Pasternak, Salvation of the Temples of Abu Simbel (2022)

....................... BWR database (2010-) BWR3791508

....................... BWR-01 Data Reconciliation (2020-2021)

....................... BWR SSID (2010-) 3791508

....................... BWR DSSC ID (2010-) 6849

Note:
English	..... [VP,BWR]
	..... BWR database (2010-)