Object/Work
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Catalog Level: item
Type: church
Work Type
Date: from 4th century
Earliest
Date: 0300 Latest Date: 1453
Type: mosque
Work Type
Date: under Ottomans, from 1453
Earliest
Date: 1453 Latest Date: 1934
Type: museum
Work Type
Date: since 1934
Earliest
Date: 1934 Latest Date: 9999
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Classification
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Terms:
architecture
Byzantine art
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Titles or Names
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Text: Hagia Sophia
Preference:
preferred
Text: Church of the Holy Wisdom
Preference:
alternate
Language:
English
Type:
translated
Text: Ayasofya
Preference:
alternate
Language:
Turkish
Text: Santa Sofia
Preference:
alternate
Text: Agia Sofia
Preference:
alternate
Text: Sancta Sophia
Preference:
alternate
Language:
Latin
Text: Megale Ecclesia
Preference:
alternate
Text: Ayasofya Museum
Preference:
alternate
Date: since
1932
Earliest Date:
1932 Latest Date: 9999
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Creation
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Creator Description: Isidoros of Miletus
(Asia Minor, active mid-6th century) and Anthemius
of Tralles (Asia Minor, ca. 474-ca. 534), for Justinian
I (Byzantine emperor, 483-565); restorations by Tradat
(Armenian, active 10th century) in 10th century
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Identity:
Isidoros of Miletus
Role:
architect
Identity:
Anthemius of Tralles
Role:
architect
Identity:
Justinian I
Role:
patron
Extent: restoration
Identity:
Trdat
Role:
architect
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Authority
Authority
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Creation Date:
original structure dated from 4th century CE; present
structure built 532-537 CE; partially rebuilt in the
10th century and later
Earliest:
0532 Latest:
1199
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Styles/Periods/ Groups/Movements
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Indexing Term: Byzantine
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Authority
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Measurements
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Dimensions Description: central dome
with half-domes: 32.6 (width) x 68.6 m (length) (107
x 225 feet); central dome: diameter 31 meters (102
feet); height 56 meters (184 feet)
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Dimensions Extent: dome with half-domes
Value: 32.6 Unit: m Type:
width
Value: 68.6 Unit: m Type:
length
Dimensions Extent: central dome
Value: 56 Unit: m Type:
height
Value: 31 Unit: m Type:
diameter
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Materials and Techniques
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Description: system bearing masonry,
centralized plan; interior surfaces are sheathed with
polychrome marble, porphyry, and mosaics
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Material Name:
masonry
marble
porphyry
mosaics
Technique Names:
load-bearing
walls
centralized
plan
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Subject Matter
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Indexing Terms:
architecture
religion/mythology
Holy
Wisdom (Christian iconography)
worship
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Descriptive Note
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Text: Nothing remains of the earlier
two basilicas on this site: a 4th-century church and
a 5th-century one built by Constantius, the son of
Constantine the Great, which burned during the Nika
riots of 532. The current church was rebuilt under
the personal supervision of emperor Justinian I; it
was rededicated on 27 December 537. Isidore of Miletus
and Anthemius of Tralles, who were scientists and
mechanical engineers but not architects per se, were
chosen by Justinian; Anthemius died soon after construction
was begun. The basilica was highly influential to
later Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Islamic
structures. The current structure has been severely
damaged by earthquakes. The dome collapsed after an
earthquake in 558; another collapsed in 563. There
were additional partial collapses in 989, after which
Trdat, an Armenian architect, repaired the damage.
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Citation: Fletcher, History of Architecture
(1987)
Page: 286 ff.
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Authority
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Current Location
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Repository Name/Geographic Location:
Istanbul (Marema region, Turkey)
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Revised 28 August 2006