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Tschichold, Jan (German typographer, theorist, and teacher, 1902-1974)
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Note: German avant-garde typographer developed an early interest in calligraphy through his father, who was a sign painter and designer. He studied at the Leipzig Academy of Book Design from 1919 to 1922 under Hermann Delitsch, and subsequently went to work in the design department of Insel Verlag. Exposure to Russian constructivism and the Bauhaus formed his early typographic style and theories. In 1925 he published his first treatise, "Elementare Typographie," in which he examined the typographic work of El Lissitzky. Tschichold defined the elements of asymmetrical typography, and advocated for the use of sans-serif typefaces. In 1928 he published "Die Neue Typographie, " further refining his theories. In 1933 he was expelled from Germany under the Nazis for creating "un-German" typography. He relocated to Switzerland where he continued to design and teach. In his third book, "Typographische Gestaltung," he turns away from "the new typography" as he comes to associate its rigid style with totalitarianism in general. At this point his work begins to resemble the classical and symmetric style that he had criticized in his youth. He remained in Switzerland for the rest of his life, except for three years (1946-1949) in London where he redesigned the Penguin paperback line. |
Names: |
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Tschichold, Jan (preferred,V,index,LC,English-P,NA,U) |
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Tschichold, Jan (Dutch-P,NA) |
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Jan Tschichold (V,display) |
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Tschichold, Johannes (V) |
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Tschichold, Ivan (U) |
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Roles: |
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artist (preferred) |
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typographer |
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designer |
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teacher |
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writer |
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theorist |
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graphic designer |
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author |
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photographer |
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Events: |
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Related People or Corporate Bodies: |
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| colleague of .... |
Baumeister, Willi |
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(German painter, designer, and typographer, 1889-1955) [500022627] |
| colleague of .... |
Dexel, Walter |
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(German painter and typographer, 1890-1973) [500005708] |
| colleague of .... |
Schwitters, Kurt |
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(German painter, typographer, and writer, 1887-1948) [500026542] |
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List/Hierarchical Position: |
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Biographies:
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(German typographer, theorist, and teacher, 1902-1974) ..... [VP Preferred]
(Swiss typographer, graphic designer, 1902-1974) ..... [BHA]
(German graphic designer, 1902-1974) ..... [Grove Art]
(typographer, 1902-1974) ..... [GRL]
(artist, active 20th century) ..... [GRISC]
(Swiss artist, born Germany. 1902-1974) ..... [MoMA]
(German typographer, 1902-1974) ..... [RKD]
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Sources and Contributors: |
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| Tschichold, Jan ........ | [BHA Preferred, GRISC Preferred, GRL Preferred, Grove Art Preferred, MoMA Preferred, RKD Preferred, VP Preferred] |
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Artists, Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) New York (2000-)
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BHA, Authority file (1973-)
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Friedl, Typography (1998)
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GRIL NACO contribution (n.d.)
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Grove Art artist database (1989-)
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Grove Art Online (2003-2008)
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Harald Szeemann papers, Finding Aid, GRI Special Collections (2011-)
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Library of Congress Authorities online (2002-)
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RKD Artists database (2000-) 243429 | | | | | | | | |
| Subject: ........ | [BHA, Gallery Systems, GRISC, GRL, Grove Art, MoMA, RKD, VP] |
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Author's Typographische gestaltung ... 1935.
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BHA, Authority file (1973-)
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Friedl, Typography (1998)
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Gallery Systems (2000-) LOC ID: n50011738
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GRIL NACO contribution (n.d.)
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Grove Art artist database (1989-)
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Grove Art Online (2003-2008)
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Harald Szeemann papers, Finding Aid, GRI Special Collections (2011-)
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His The life & importance of Jakob (Jacques) Sabon ... c1979: t.p. (Jan (Ivan) Tschichold, Hon.R.D.I.)
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Library of Congress Authorities data (n.d.) LOC ID: n50011738
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Library of Congress Authorities online (2002-) http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n50011738
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RKD Artists database (2000-) 243429
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Spencer, Pioneers of Modern Typography (1983) 151
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Wikidata online (2000-) Q455232
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Wikipedia (2000-) (Jan Tschichold; born 2 April 1902 in Leipzig, Germany; died 11 August 1974 in Locarno, Switzerland; typographer, book designer, teacher, and writer) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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