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ID: 1000118
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/1000118

 

Record Type: administrative
Hierarchy of Al-ʻIrāq (nation)  Al-ʻIrāq (nation)

Coordinates:
Lat: 33 00 00 N  degrees minutes   Lat: 33.0000  decimal degrees
Long: 044 00 00 E  degrees minutes   Long: 44.0000  decimal degrees

Note: Area was center of civilization from 10th mill. BCE; Sumerians arrived 3500 BCE; Akkadian empire developed 2350 BCE, then Babylonian (18th century BCE) and Assyrian (7th century BCE); was invaded by Persians, Alexander, Romans, Byzantines, Arabs (7th century) and Ottomans; official language is Arabic, though English is also widely spoken; Kurdish is official language in Kurdish Autonomous Region.

Names:
Al-ʻIrāq (preferred,C,V,Arabic (transliterated)-P,U,N)
Jumhüriyyat al ʻIrāq (C,V,O,Arabic (transliterated),U)
ʻIraq (C,V,Arabic (transliterated),U,N)
Al Iraq (C,V,Arabic (transliterated),U,N)
Al Jumhouriya al 'Iraquia (C,V,Arabic (transliterated),U,N)
al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻIrāqīyah (C,V,Arabic (transliterated),U,N)
Iraq (C,O,English-P,U,N)
Iraq (Quechuan)
Iraq (Tagalog)
Iraq (Maltese)
Iraq (Vietnamese)
Iraq (Indonesian)
Iraq (Romanian)
Iraq (Spanish-P,U,N)
Iraq (Catalan)
Iraq (Aragonese)
Iraq (Asturian)
Iraq (Kurdish)
Iraq (Breton)
Iraq (French-P,U,N)
Iraq (Galician)
Iraq (Italian)
Iraq (Sicilian)
Iraq (Occitan)
Iraq (Malay (macrolanguage))
Iraq (Pampanga)
Iraq (Shona)
Iraq (Arpitan)
Iraq (Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association))
Republic of Iraq (C,O,English,U,N)
République d'Iraq (C,O,French,U,N)
República del Iraq (C,O,Spanish,U)
Irak (C,O,Nauruan)
Irak (Malagasy)
Irak (Ilocano)
Irak (Indonesian)
Irak (Croatian)
Irak (Bosnian)
Irak (Magyar (Hungarian))
Irak (Danish)
Irak (Norwegian (Nynorsk))
Irak (Finnish)
Irak (Swedish)
Irak (Polish)
Irak (Romanian)
Irak (Slovak)
Irak (Slovene)
Irak (Spanish)
Irak (Basque)
Irak (Akan)
Irak (German-P,U,N)
Irak (Low German)
Irak (Albanian)
Irak (Cornish)
Irak (Dutch)
Irak (Afrikaans)
Irak (French)
Irak (Faroese)
Irak (Greenlandic)
Irak (Tok Pisin (Neomelanesian))
Irak (Turkish)
Irak (Luxembourgish)
Irak (Norwegian (Bokmål))
Irak (Haitian (Haitian Creole))
Irak (Western Frisian)
Irak (Upper Sorbian)
Irak (Norwegian)
Irak (Northern Sami)
Irak (Ido)
Irak (Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association))
Irak (Limburgan)
Iraque (C,O,Portuguese-P,U,N)
اَ عًِْرَاق (C,V,Arabic-P,U)
جُْهمورِ ةًَ اَ عًِْرَاق (C,V,O,Arabic,U)
Ирак (C,O,Chuvash)
Ирак (Serbian)
Ирак (Macedonian)
Ирак (Romanian)
Ирак (Bulgarian)
Ирак (Russian-P,U)
Ирак (Ossetian/Ossetic)
Ирак (Udmurt)
Республика Ирак (C,O,Russian,U)
伊拉克 (C,O,Chinese-P,U)
伊拉克共和国 (C,O,Chinese,U)
IRQ (C,O,ISO3L)
IQ (C,O,ISO2L)
ISO368 (C,O,ISO3N)
IZ (C,O,FIPS)
Iraqi (C,O,English,U,A)
עיראק (C,U,Hebrew )
Al ‘Irāq (C,U)
Al Jumhūrīyah al ‘Irāqīyah (C,U)
An Iaráic (C,U,Irish Gaelic)
Ciraaq (C,U,Somali)
‘Êraq (C,U,Kurdish)
Ğíraq (C,U,Tatar)
i-Iraq (C,U,Zulu)
Iorac (C,U,Scots Gaelic)
Iraak (C,U,Estonian)
Iraak (Fulah)
I-rắc (C,U,Vietnamese)
Irac (C,U,Welsh)
Irac (Anglo-Saxon)
Irac (Romansh)
Iraƙi (C,U,Hausa)
Írak (C,U,Icelandic)
Irák (C,U,Czech)
İrak (C,U,Azerbaijani)
Irāka (C,U,Latvian)
Irakas (C,U,Lithuanian)
Iraki (C,U,Rundi)
Iraki (Bambara)
Iraki (Lingala)
Iraki (Kikuyu)
Iraki (Luba-Katanga)
Iraki (North Ndebele)
Iraki (Swahili (generic))
Irâki (C,U,Sangho)
Irako (C,U,Esperanto)
Iraku (C,U,Albanian)
İraq (C,U,Azerbaijani)
Iraq - العراق (C,U,Galician)
iraqdukɔ (C,U,Ewe)
Iraquia (C,U,Latin)
Iroq (C,U,Uzbek)
ʻIulaaki (C,U,Tonga (Tonga Islands))
Jumhūrīyat al ‘Irāq (C,U)
Komar-î ‘Êraq (C,U,Kurdish)
Lirakän (C,U,Volapük)
Mesopotamia (C,U,Latin)
Orílẹ́ède Iraki (C,U,Yoruba)
Yiraaka (C,U,Ganda (Ugandan language))
ഇറാഖ്‌ (C,U,Malayalam)
ئىراق (C,U,Uyghur)
Ιράκ (C,U,Greek)
இராக் (C,U,Tamil)
อิรัก (C,U,Thai)
ኢራቅ (C,U,Tigrinya)
ኢራቅ (Amharic)
عێراق (C,U,Kurdish)
ອີລັກ (C,U,Lao)
جمهورية العراق (C,U,Arabic)
עירק (C,U,Hebrew )
איראק (C,U,Yiddish)
ஈராக் (C,U,Tamil)
イラク (C,U,Japanese)
ერაყი (C,U,Georgian)
इराक़ (C,U,Hindi)
ইরাক (C,U,Bengali)
عراق (C,U,Pashto)
عراق (Urdu)
عراق (Persian-Farsi)
이라크 (C,U,Korean)
ཨི་རཀ (C,U,Dzongkha)
इराक (C,U,Marathi)
इराक (Hindi)
इराक (Nepali)
អ៊ីរ៉ាក់ (C,U,Khmer)
Ироқ (C,U,Tajik)
Իրաք (C,U,Armenian)
ܥܪܩ (C,U,Official Aramaic (700-300 BCE))
كۆمارى عێراق (C,U,Central Kurdish)
Ірак (C,U,Ukrainian)
Ірак (Belarusian)
ईराक (C,U,Sanskrit)
ईराक (Hindi)
ประเทศอิรัก (C,U,Thai)
イラク共和国 (C,U,Japanese)
العراق (C,U,Arabic)
ཨི་རག། (C,U,Tibetan)
ഇറാക്ക് (C,U,Malayalam)
အီရတ် (C,U,Burmese)
ඉරාකය (C,U,Sinhala)
ఇరాక్ (C,U,Telugu)
ಇರಾಕ್ (C,U,Kannada)
ઇરાક (C,U,Gujarati)
ଇରାକ୍ (C,U,Odia)

Hierarchical Position:
Hierarchy of World (facet)    World (facet)
Hierarchy of Asia (continent)  ....  Asia (continent) (P)
Hierarchy of Al-ʻIrāq (nation)  ........  Al-ʻIrāq (nation) (P)

Additional Parents:
Hierarchy of World (facet)    World (facet)
Hierarchy of Middle East (general region)  ....  Middle East (general region) (P)
Hierarchy of Al-ʻIrāq (nation)  ........  Al-ʻIrāq (nation)
 
Hierarchy of World (facet)    World (facet)
Hierarchy of Asia (continent)  ....  Asia (continent) (P)
Hierarchy of Achaemenid Empire (former nation/state/empire)  ........  Achaemenid Empire (former nation/state/empire) (P,H)
Hierarchy of Al-ʻIrāq (nation)  ............  Al-ʻIrāq (nation)
 
Hierarchy of World (facet)    World (facet)
Hierarchy of Asia (continent)  ....  Asia (continent) (P)
Hierarchy of Western Asia (area)  ........  Western Asia (area) (P,U)
Hierarchy of Al-ʻIrāq (nation)  ............  Al-ʻIrāq (nation) (P)

Place Types:
nation (preferred, C)  ............  gained independence from Britain in October 1932
primary political unit (C)
independent sovereign nation (C)
republic (C)  ............  established July 1958; single-party republic under Socialist Bath party since 1968
kingdom (H)  ............  under Faisal I & II, 1921-1958
territory (H)  ............  Turkish, until 1921
independent political entity (C)

Related geographic places:
capital is ....  Baghdād .......... (inhabited place)
..................  (World, Asia, Al-ʻIrāq, Baghdād) [7002482]
member of ....  Arab League .......... (organization)
................  (World) [7000153]
member of ....  United Nations .......... (organization)
................  (World) [7029605]
................  joined organization in 1945

Sources and Contributors:
اَ عًِْرَاق..........  [VP]
.......................  UNGEGN Working Paper 54 (2011) accessed 24 July 2013
جُْهمورِ ةًَ اَ عًِْرَاق..........  [VP]
.........................................  UNGEGN Working Paper 54 (2011) accessed 24 July 2013
Ирак..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
...........  UNGEGN Working Paper 54 (2011) accessed 24 July 2013
Республика Ирак..........  [VP]
.............................  UNGEGN Working Paper 54 (2011) accessed 24 July 2013
伊拉克..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
...........  UNGEGN Working Paper 54 (2011) accessed 24 July 2013
伊拉克共和国..........  [VP]
.................  UNGEGN Working Paper 54 (2011) accessed 24 July 2013
עיראק..........  [IMJ, VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
..............  Israel Museum Jerusalem contribution (n.d.)
ഇറാഖ്‌..........  [VP]
.................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
ئىراق..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Ιράκ..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
இராக்..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
อิรัก..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
ኢራቅ..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
عێراق..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
ອີລັກ..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
جمهورية العراق..........  [VP]
.............................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
עירק..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
איראק..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
ஈராக்..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
イラク..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
ერაყი..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
इराक़..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
ইরাক..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
عراق..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
이라크..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
ཨི་རཀ..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
इराक..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
អ៊ីរ៉ាក់..........  [VP]
.................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Ироқ..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Իրաք..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
ܥܪܩ..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
كۆمارى عێراق..........  [VP]
.......................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Ірак..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
ईराक..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
ประเทศอิรัก..........  [VP]
.......................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
イラク共和国..........  [VP]
.................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
العراق..........  [VP]
.................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
ཨི་རག།..........  [VP]
.................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
ഇറാക്ക്..........  [VP]
.................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
အီရတ်..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
ඉරාකය..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
ఇరాక్..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
ಇರಾಕ್..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
ઇરાક..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
ଇରାକ୍..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Al-ʻIrāq..........  [VP Preferred]
.................  Rand McNally Atlas (1994) 319
.................  Shanks, International Atlas (1991) 216
Al Iraq..........  [VP]
.................  NIMA, GEOnet Names Server (1996-1998)
Al ‘Irāq..........  [VP]
.................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Al Jumhouriya al 'Iraquia..........  [VP]
............................................  Cambridge World Gazetteer (1990) 292-293
al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻIrāqīyah..........  [VP]
...............................................  Britannica Book of the Year (1991) 624
...............................................  Britannica Book of the Year (1993) 631
Al Jumhūrīyah al ‘Irāqīyah..........  [VP]
...............................................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
An Iaráic..........  [VP]
....................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Ciraaq..........  [VP]
.................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
‘Êraq..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Ğíraq..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
i-Iraq..........  [VP]
.................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Iorac..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
IQ..........  [VP]
...........  ISO Country Codes (1996) 16
Iraak..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
I-rắc..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Irac..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Iraƙi..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Irak..........  [VP]
...........  Cassell's German Dictionary (1982) 328
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Írak..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Irák..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
İrak..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Irāka..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Irakas..........  [VP]
.................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Iraki..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Irâki..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Irako..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Iraku..........  [VP]
..............  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Iraq..........  [BHA, IMJ Preferred, VP]
...........  Cambridge World Gazetteer (1988)
...........  Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer (1961)
...........  Encyclopaedia Britannica (1988) 6:376 ff.
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
...........  Israel Museum Jerusalem contribution (n.d.)
...........  Middle East, National Geographic (1991) map supplement
...........  Petit Robert II, Noms (1989)
...........  Times Atlas of the World (1985) plate 34
...........  Times Concise Atlas of the World (1995) 43
...........  UN Terminology Bulletin 345 (1993) 60
ʻIraq..........  [VP]
..............  Webster's Geographical Dictionary (1984) 548
İraq..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Iraq - العراق..........  [VP]
..........................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
iraqdukɔ..........  [VP]
.................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Iraqi..........  [VP]
..............  UN Terminology Bulletin 347 (1997) 18
Iraque..........  [VP]
.................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
.................  Rand McNally Atlas (1994) 319
Iraquia..........  [VP]
.................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Iroq..........  [VP]
...........  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
IRQ..........  [VP]
...........  ISO Handbook (1988) 767
ISO368..........  [VP]
.................  ISO Country Codes (1996) 16
ʻIulaaki..........  [VP]
.................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
IZ..........  [VP]
...........  NIMA, GNS ADM1 Codes (1999) accessed 01/20/99
Jumhūrīyat al ‘Irāq..........  [VP]
...................................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Jumhüriyyat al ʻIrāq..........  [VP]
...................................  UNGEGN Working Paper 54 (2011) accessed 24 July 2013
Komar-î ‘Êraq..........  [VP]
..........................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Lirakän..........  [VP]
.................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Mesopotamia..........  [VP]
.......................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Orílẹ́ède Iraki..........  [VP]
.............................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
República del Iraq..........  [VP]
...................................  UNGEGN Working Paper 54 (2011) accessed 24 July 2013
Republic of Iraq..........  [VP]
.............................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
.............................  ISO Handbook (1988) 767
République d'Iraq..........  [VP]
................................  ISO Handbook (1988) 779
Yiraaka..........  [VP]
.................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
Subject: .....  [BHA, IMJ, VP]
..................  Britannica Book of the Year (1991) 624
..................  Britannica Book of the Year (1993) 631
..................  Cambridge World Gazetteer (1988)
..................  Cambridge World Gazetteer (1990) 292-293
..................  Cassell's German Dictionary (1982) 328
..................  Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer (1961)
..................  Encyclopaedia Britannica (1988) VI, 376 ff.
..................  GeoNames online [n.d.] 99237
..................  ISO Country Codes (1996) 16
..................  ISO Handbook (1988) 767; 779
..................  Israel Museum Jerusalem contribution (n.d.)
..................  Middle East, National Geographic (1991) map supplement
..................  NIMA, GEOnet Names Server (1996-1998)
..................  NIMA, GNS ADM1 Codes (1999) accessed 01/20/99
..................  Petit Robert II, Noms (1989)
..................  Rand McNally Atlas (1994) 319
..................  Shanks, International Atlas (1991) 216
..................  Times Atlas of the World (1985) plate 34
..................  Times Atlas of World History (1993) 346
..................  Times Concise Atlas of the World (1995) 43
..................  UN Terminology Bulletin 345 (1993) 60
..................  UN Terminology Bulletin 347 (1997) 18
..................  Webster's Geographical Dictionary (1984) 548
..................  Wikipedia (2000-) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]

 

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