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ID: 300162872
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300162872

 

Record Type: concept
stereoscopic photographs (<photographs by picture-taking technique>, <photographs by technique>, ... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name))

 

Note: Refers to double pictures of the same scene that produce the effect of three dimensionality when viewed through a stereoscope. They were first envisioned in 1832 by the English physicist Charles Wheatstone, who described this as a uniquely photographic art form, since a draftsman could not draw two scenes in exact perspective from viewpoints separated only 2 1/2 inches, which is the normal distance between human eyes necessary for the three-dimensional effect. Wheatstone's mirror stereoscope was not practical for use with photographs, and the invention was not popular until the 1850s, when Sir David Brewster, a Scottish scientist, designed a simpler viewing instrument. The introduction of the collodion process, which simplified exposure and printing techniques, allowed three-dimensional photographs to become a popular craze. They may be daguerreotypes, negatives, or other forms of photographs. For images in the form of photographic prints on cards, use the more specific term "stereographs."
 
Terms:
stereoscopic photographs (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,PN)
stereoscopic photograph (C,U,English,AD,U,SN)
stereoview (C,U,English,AD,U,SN)
photographs, stereoscopic (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
stereograms (stereoscopic photographs) (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
stereo pairs (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
stereophotographs (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
stereo photographs (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
stereos (photographs) (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
stereo views (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
stereoviews (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
sterescopic views (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
views, stereo (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
stereofoto's (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,U)
stereofoto (C,U,Dutch,AD,U,U)
stereoscoopfoto (C,U,Dutch,UF,U,U)
stereoscoopfoto's (C,U,Dutch,UF,U,U)
stéréogramme (C,U,French-P,AD,U,MSN)
coppie stereoscopiche (C,U,Italian-P,D,U,PN)
fotografías estereoscópicas (obras visuales) (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,PN)
fotografía estereoscópica (obra visual) (C,U,Spanish,AD,U,SN)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  V.VC

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Objects Facet
Objects Facet
Hierarchy of Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name)
.... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of Visual Works (hierarchy name)
........ Visual Works (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of visual works (works)
............ visual works (works) (G)
Hierarchy of <visual works by material or technique>
................ <visual works by material or technique> (G)
Hierarchy of photographs
.................... photographs (G)
Hierarchy of <photographs by technique>
........................ <photographs by technique> (G)
Hierarchy of <photographs by picture-taking technique>
............................ <photographs by picture-taking technique> (G)
Hierarchy of stereoscopic photographs
................................ stereoscopic photographs (G)

Additional Notes:
Dutch ..... Verwijst naar een tweetal afbeeldingen van hetzelfde onderwerp die, bekeken door een stereoscoop, de illusie van driedimensionaliteit geven. De Engelse natuurkundige Charles Wheatstone was in 1832 de eerste die op dit idee kwam. Hij beschreef stereofotografie als een unieke fotografische kunstvorm. Het is voor een tekenaar immers niet mogelijk twee onderwerpen in het juiste perspectief te tekenen vanaf gezichtspunten die ongeveer 65 mm van elkaar zijn verwijderd, de gemiddelde afstand tussen de ogen van een mens die nodig is om het driedimensionale effect te bereiken. De spiegelstereoscoop van Wheatstone was niet erg geschikt voor foto's. De uitvinding werd pas populair in de jaren 50 van de 19de eeuw, toen Sir David Brewster, een Schotse wetenschapper, een eenvoudiger kijkinstrument ontwierp. De introductie van het collodiumprocedé maakte het belichten en afdrukken van foto's technisch eenvoudiger, waardoor driedimensionale foto's een ware rage werden. Stereofoto's kunnen daguerreotypieën, negatieven of andere fotovormen zijn. Gebruik de specifiekere term 'stereokaarten' voor fotografische afdrukken die op kartonnen kaarten zijn bevestigd. 
Spanish ..... Se refiere a imágenes dobles de una misma escena que producen el efecto de tridimensionalidad cuando son vistas a través de un estereoscopo. Fueron previstas por primera vez en 1832 por el físico inglés Charles Wheatstone, quien las describió como una forma única de fotografía artística, ya que un dibujante no podía dibujar dos escenas con perspectivas exactas a partir de puntos de vista con una separación de sólo 2 1/2 pulgadas, que corresponde a la distancia normal entre ojos humanos y necesaria para lograr el efecto tridimensional. El espejo estereoscópico de Wheatstone no resultó práctico para un uso fotográfico y el invento fue popular recién en la década de 1850 cuando Sir David Brewster, un científico escosés, diseñó un instrumento visor más simple. La introducción del proceso al colodión, que simplifica las técnicas de exposición y copiado, permitió que las fotografías tridimensionales se convirtieran en una manía popular. Pueden ser daguerrotipos, negativos u otras formas fotográficas. Para imágenes en forma de copias fotográficas sobre tarjetas, use el término más específico "estereograma". 

Related concepts:
produced by ....  stereoscopes
....................  (photograph viewing equipment, photographic equipment, ... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name)) [300162919]
produced by ....  stereoscopic cameras
....................  (<cameras by mode of operation>, cameras (photographic equipment), ... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name)) [300022659]
produced by ....  stereoscopic photography
....................  (picture-taking techniques, photographic techniques, ... Processes and Techniques (hierarchy name)) [300264509]

Sources and Contributors:
coppie stereoscopiche............  [Biblio Arc USI Preferred]
......................................  Dizionario di fotografia (2001) 698
fotografía estereoscópica (obra visual)............  [CDBP-SNPC, VP]
.................................................................  Csillag Pimstein, Conservación (1999)
fotografías estereoscópicas (obras visuales)............  [CDBP-SNPC Preferred, VP]
.......................................................................  TAA database (2000-)
photographs, stereoscopic............  [VP]
............................................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules
stereofoto............  [AAT-Ned]
.......................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......................  Boom, fotografie in de 19de eeuw (1996)
.......................  Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)
stereofoto's............  [AAT-Ned Preferred]
.......................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......................  Boom, fotografie in de 19de eeuw (1996)
.......................  Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)
stéréogramme............  [AASLH, CHIN / RCIP]
.......................  AASLH data (2016-)
.......................  CHIN / RCIP translation (2016-)
.......................  Nomenclature database (2018-) http://nomenclature.info/nom/13441; scheme: Nomenclature-Objects
.......................  Nomenclature for Museum Cataloging / Nomenclature pour le catalogage translation project (2016-) 13441
stereograms (stereoscopic photographs)............  [VP]
.................................................................  Haberstich, Photographs Thesaurus for SIBIS (1988)
.................................................................  Haller, Collecting Old Photographs (1979)
stereo pairs............  [VP]
.......................  Haberstich, Photographs Thesaurus for SIBIS (1988)
stereophotographs............  [VP]
................................  Haberstich, Photographs Thesaurus for SIBIS (1988)
stereo photographs............  [VP]
...................................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules
stereos (photographs)............  [VP]
......................................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules
......................................  Haller, Collecting Old Photographs (1979) stereos
stereoscoopfoto............  [AAT-Ned]
.............................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
.............................  Boom, fotografie in de 19de eeuw (1996)
.............................  Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)
stereoscoopfoto's............  [AAT-Ned]
................................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
................................  Boom, fotografie in de 19de eeuw (1996)
................................  Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)
stereoscopic photograph............  [VP]
.........................................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules
stereoscopic photographs............  [GCI Preferred, VP Preferred]
.........................................  AATA database (2002-) 129245 checked 26 January 2012
.........................................  Gernsheim, History of Photography (1969) 258
.........................................  Miller, Urban Forestry (1988) IND
.........................................  O'Connor, Draft photographic thesaurus, unpub. (1987)
stereoview............  [AASLH Preferred, CHIN / RCIP Preferred]
.......................  AASLH data (2016-)
.......................  CHIN / RCIP translation (2016-)
.......................  Nomenclature database (2018-) http://nomenclature.info/nom/13441; scheme: Nomenclature-Objects
.......................  Nomenclature for Museum Cataloging / Nomenclature pour le catalogage translation project (2016-) 13441
stereo views............  [VP]
.......................  Haberstich, Photographs Thesaurus for SIBIS (1988)
.......................  Haller, Collecting Old Photographs (1979)
stereoviews............  [VP]
.......................  Zinkham and Parker, Descriptive Terms for Graphic Materials (1986)
sterescopic views............  [VP]
................................  Zinkham and Parker, Descriptive Terms for Graphic Materials (1986)
views, stereo............  [VP]
..........................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules
 
Subject: .....  [AASLH, AAT-Ned, Biblio Arc USI, CDBP-SNPC, CHIN / RCIP, GCI, VP]
............  AASLH data (2016-)
............  AATA database (2002-) 129245 checked 26 January 2012
............  Biblio Arc USI database
............  Boom, fotografie in de 19de eeuw (1996)
............  Chenhall, Revised Nomenclature (1988) Stereoview
............  CHIN / RCIP translation (2016-)
............  Haberstich, Photographs Thesaurus for SIBIS (1988) Stereoscopic
............  Nomenclature database (2018-) http://nomenclature.info/nom/13441; scheme: Nomenclature-Objects
............  Nomenclature for Museum Cataloging / Nomenclature pour le catalogage translation project (2016-)
............  Personal Communication R.McJunkin, Calif.Mus.Phy, 8/4/89: anything taken with 2 lenses for stereo viewing.; Stereoscopic
............  Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-) Accessed 01/07/2002
Dutch .......... [AAT-Ned]
.......... AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......... Boom, fotografie in de 19de eeuw (1996)
.......... Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)
Spanish .......... [CDBP-SNPC]
.......... TAA database (2000-)

 

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