ID: 700000214 Page link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/cona/700000214	Record Type: Built Work
Images: 1 2

Taj Mahal Complex (mausoleum complex; patron: Shah Jahan; principal designer: Ustad Ahmad Lahauri,...; construction began 1632; princ...; Āgra (Uttar Pradesh, Bhārat, Asia, World, Top of the T...; )

Note: Built by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal, who died in childbirth in 1631. The base structure is essentially a large, multi-chambered cube with chamfered corners, forming an unequal octagon. Four minarets frame the tomb, one at each corner of the plinth facing the chamfered corners. The main chamber houses the false sarcophagi of Mumtaz Mahal and Shah Jahan; the actual graves are at a lower level. Specific design credit is uncertain, and is given by different sources to Istad Usa, Ustad Ahmad Lahori, Isa Muhammad Effendi, or Geronimo Veroneo. Located in: Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India

Titles:

Taj Mahal Complex (preferred,C,U,English-P,,N)

Taj Mahal (C,U,LC,English,U,N,Italian,U,U,German,U,U,French,U,U,Spanish,U,U)

泰姬陵 (C,U,Chinese,U,U)

Tadsch Mahal (C,U,German-P,U,U)

Τατζ Μαχάλ (C,U,Greek,U,U)

ताज महल (C,U,Hindi,U,U)

تاج محل (C,U,Urdu,U,U)

Taj Majal (C,U,undetermined,U,U)

Tâj Mahal (C,U,undetermined,U,U)

Tach Mahal (C,U,undetermined,U,U)

Tâdj-Mahal (C,U,undetermined,U,U)

Catalog Level: item

Work Types:

mausoleum complex [300451451] (preferred)

..... (Objects Facet, Built Environment (hierarchy name), Built Complexes and Districts (hierarchy name), complexes (buildings and sites), <complexes by function>)

mahal (palace) [300005742]

..... (Objects Facet, Built Environment (hierarchy name), Single Built Works (hierarchy name), single built works (built environment), <single built works by specific type>, <single built works by function>, residential structures, dwellings, houses, <houses by occupants>, official residences, palaces (official residences))

mausoleum [300005891]

..... (Objects Facet, Built Environment (hierarchy name), Single Built Works (hierarchy name), single built works (built environment), <single built works by specific type>, <single built works by function>, ceremonial structures, funerary structures, funerary buildings, sepulchral buildings)

Classifications:

architecture (preferred)

Creation Date: construction began 1632; principal mausoleum was completed in 1648

Creator Display:

patron: Shah Jahan; principal designer: Ustad Ahmad Lahauri, with Abd ul-Karim Ma'mur Khan, Makramat Khan, and others [preferred,VP,BWR]

executive architect Lahauri, Ustad Ahmad (Persian architect, ca.1580-1649) [500353619]

patron Shahjahan, Emperor of India (Mughal emperor, ca. 1592-1666) [500245103]

Abdul Karim (Mughal architect, active 17th century) [500228010]

Makramat Khan (leader, active in India in 1632) [500517166]

Arjumand Banu Begum (Indian ruler, d.1631) [500523139]

Locations:

Current: Āgra [7001493] Uttar Pradesh (state), India (nation), Asia (continent), World (facet) (Geographic)

Address Note: +27.175,+78.041944; Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India

Display Materials: marble; bearing masonry, inlaid marble

	marble (rock) [300011443]
	.......(Materials Facet, Materials (hierarchy name), materials (substances), <materials by composition>, inorganic material, rock (inorganic material), metamorphic rock)

	bearing walls [300002557]
	.......(Objects Facet, Components (hierarchy name), components (objects parts), <components by specific context>, architectural elements, <structural elements and components for structural elements>, structural elements, enclosing structural elements, <walls and wall components>, walls, <walls by function>)

	masonry facing (process) [300262647]
	.......(Activities Facet, Processes and Techniques (hierarchy name), <processes and techniques by specific type>, <additive and joining processes and techniques>, <surface covering processes and techniques>, facing (process))

Dimensions: mausoleum is 57 m (190 feet) square in plan; central inner dome is 24.5 m (81 feet) high and 17.7 m (58 feet) in diameter, but is surmounted by an outer shell nearly 61 m (200 feet) in height

Cultures:

Islamic Indian (preferred)

Mughal

Style/Period/Group/Movement:

	Mughal [300018939] (preferred,N/A)
	.....(Styles and Periods Facet, Styles and Periods (hierarchy name), <styles| periods| and cultures by region>, Islamic World| The, Islamic (culture or style), Islamic Indian)

General Subject:

architecture (preferred,isness,undetermined)

funerary (purpose)

Specific Subjects:

	Mumtāz Maḥal (Mughal empress, 1593-1631) [500353695]
	.....(Non-Artists) (ULAN)

	Jahan, Shah, Emperor of India (Mughal emperor, ca. 1592-1666) [500245103]
	.....(Non-Artists) (ULAN)

List/Hierarchical Position:

..... Built Works

.......... Built Works by class: religious, ceremonial, and funerary structures

Sources and Contributors:
Taj Mahal Complex	........ [BWR,VP,BHA]
	........ BWR database (2010-) BWR3750378; BWR3750884
	........ Brown, Indian Architecture (1956)
	........ Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-)
	........ Thapar, Introduction to Indian Architecture [eBook] (2004)
	........ BHA Subject Headings (1985-)
Taj Mahal	........ [VP,BWR]
	........ Great Buildings Online (1997-)
	........ Library of Congress Authorities online (2002-) sh 85132019
	........ Harle, Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent (1986)
	........ Brown, Indian Architecture (1956)
	........ Grove Art Online (2008-)
	........ Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-)
	........ BWR database (2010-) BWR3789046
泰姬陵	........ [VP]
	........ Beam, Taj Mahal in India (2010)
Tadsch Mahal	........ [VP]
	........ Gööck, Alle Wunder dieser Welt (1968)
Τατζ Μαχάλ	........ [VP]
	........ Janberg, Stucturae [online] (1998-)
ताज महल	........ [VP]
	........ Essential Architecture online (2001-)
تاج محل	........ [VP]
	........ Akasha, Encyclopedic Dictionary of Cultural Terms (1990)
Taj Majal	........ [VP]
	........ Harle, Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent (1986)
	........ Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-)
Tâj Mahal	........ [VP]
	........ Nou, et al. Tâj Mahal (1998)
Tach Mahal	........ [VP]
	........ Machado, La revolución de la inteligencia (1978)
Tâdj-Mahal	........ [VP]
	........ Le Bon, La civilisation des Arabes (1884) Figure 84: Le Tâdj Mahal à Agra

Subject: ....... [VP,BWR]

....................... Grove Art Online (2008-)

....................... BWR [online] (2015-)

....................... BWR Data Reconciliation for CONA (2020-2021) processed 2020-2021

....................... BWR-09 Data Reconciliation (2020-2021)

....................... ARTstor: BlairBloom2 (2010-) BB-2247

....................... BWR database (2010-) BWR3789046; BWR3750378

....................... BWR-02 Data Reconciliation (2020-2021) processed 2020-2021

....................... BWR SSID (2010-) 3789046; 3750378

....................... BWR DSSC ID (2010-) 20346; 20974

....................... Harvard Library BWR contribution (2010-) U90668

Note:
English	..... [VP]
	..... Brown, Indian Architecture (1956)
	..... Harle, Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent (1986)
	..... Great Buildings Online (1997-)
	..... Fletcher, History of Architecture (1996)
	..... BWR database (2010-) BWR3789046