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shaffrons (horse armor, animal equipment, ... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name)) |
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Note: Armor pieces for the front of a horse's or camel's head, often with side plates to protect the cheeks and often decorated to match the armor of the rider. Known in classical Greece and from the 12th century on throughout Europe, the Middle East, Turkey, North Africa, and Japan, they were commonly made of either steel or leather, though the Japanese also used papier-maché and wood, the Ottoman Turks copper, and the Sudanese mainly brass.
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| Terms: |
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| shaffrons (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,PN)
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| shaffrons (Dutch-P,D,U,U)
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| shaffron (C,U,English,AD,U,SN)
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| shaffron (Dutch,AD,U,U)
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| chaffrons (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| chafrons (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| chamfrons (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| chanfrons (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| chaufrons (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| shaffreins (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| shanfrons (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| 面簾 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
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| miàn lián (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
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| mian lian (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
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| mien lien (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
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| Rossstirnen (C,U,German,D,PN)
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| Rossstirn (C,U,German-P,AD,SN)
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| Stirnblech (C,U,German,UF,SN)
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| Stirnbleche (C,U,German,UF,PN)
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| testeras (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,PN)
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| testera (C,U,Spanish,AD,U,SN)
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Facet/Hierarchy Code: V.TH |
Hierarchical Position:
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Objects Facet |
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.... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name) (G) |
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........ Tools and Equipment (hierarchy name) (G) |
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............ equipment (G) |
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................ <equipment by context> (G) |
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.................... animal equipment (G) |
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........................ horse armor (G) |
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............................ shaffrons (G) |
Additional Notes: |
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| Chinese (traditional) ..... 馬或駱駝頭前的盔甲，通常兩側有金屬片保護獸頰，且其裝飾與騎士的盔甲相稱。古典希臘時已廣為人知，十二世紀後遍布至歐洲、中東、土耳其、北非和日本，一般以鋼或皮革製成；在日本也用混凝紙漿和木頭，鄂圖曼土耳其人用銅，而蘇丹人大部分是用黃銅。 |
| Dutch ..... Harnasstukken voor de voorkant van het hoofd van een paard of kameel, vaak met zijplaten om de wangen te beschermen en vaak versierd om het aan te passen aan de uitrusting van de berijder. Bekend in het klassieke Griekenland en vanaf de 12e eeuw ook in Europa, het Midden-Oosten, Turkije, Noord-Afrika en Japan. De harnasstukken waren gemaakt van staal of leer, hoewel de Japanners ook papier-maché en hout gebruikten en de Osmaanse Turken en de Soedanezen voornamelijk koper gebruikten. |
| German ..... Rüstungsteil für die Stirnseite eines Pferde- oder Kamelkopfes, oftmals mit Seitenplatten, um die Wangen zu schützen und häufig verziert, um der Rüstung des Reiters zu entsprechen. Im klassischen Griechenland und vom 12. Jahrhundert an überall in Europa, den Mittleren Osten, der Türkei, Nordafrika und Japan bekannt, wurde sie üblicherweise entweder aus Stahl oder Leder gefertigt, wenngleich die Japaner auch Pappmaché und Holz nutzten, die Osmanen Kupfer und die Sudanesen hauptsächlich Messing. |
| Spanish ..... Pieza de la armadura para la parte delantera de los caballos o la cabeza de los camellos. Con frecuencia, placas laterales para proteger las quijadas y con decoración para emparejarla con la armadura del jinete. Conocida en la Grecia clásica y desde el siglo XII a través de toda Europa, el Medio Este, Turquía, el Norte de África y Japón. Fueron comúnmente fabricadas de acero o cuero, aunque los japoneses también utilizaron papier-maché y madera, los turcos otomanos cobre, y los sudaneses principalmente latón. |
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Related concepts: |
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| contextualized in .... |
plume holders |
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(helmet components, armor components, ... Components (hierarchy name)) [300203657] |
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Sources and Contributors: |
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| chanfrons............ |
[VP] |
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BHA Subject Headings (1985-) |
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Blair, European Armour (1958) IND |
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Edge and Paddock, Arms and Armor of the Medieval Knight (1988) |
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Friar, ed. Dictionary of Heraldry (1987) illustration, 84 |
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Mann, European Arms and Armour (1962) Vol. 1, GLOS |
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Norman and Pottinger, English Weapons and Warfare (1979) IND |
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Random House Dictionary of the English Language (1987) |
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RILA, Subject Headings (1975-1990) |
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Stone, Glossary of Construction of Arms and Armour (1961) illustration |
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Tarassuk and Blair, Complete Encyclopedia of Arms and Armor (1979) |
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Webster's Third New International Dictionary (1961) |
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