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ID: 300013066
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300013066

 

Record Type: concept
archil (vegetable dye, natural dye, ... Materials (hierarchy name))

 

Note: A natural dye that is bright red to rich purple color, obtained from any of several lichens; used as a pigment, textile dye, wood stain, food colorant, and an indicator dye that turns blue in alkaline solutions. It was by the ancient Egyptians; the preparation was rediscovered by the Italians and used to make the brilliant red and purple Florentine cloth. In the18th century a Scottish chemist C. Gordon patented the process, which he called "cudbear." The dark red color in archil is formed when lecanoric acid is converted to orcein by fermentation then oxidation.
 
Terms:
archil (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,N)
orchil (C,U,LC,English,UF,U,N)
cudbear (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
red indigo (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
苔色素 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
地衣紫 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
紅靛青 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
tāi sè sù (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
tai se su (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
t'ai se su (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
orseille (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,U)
orchilla (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,U)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  M.MT

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Materials Facet
Materials Facet
Hierarchy of Materials (hierarchy name)
.... Materials (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of materials (substances)
........ materials (substances) (G)
Hierarchy of <materials by function>
............ <materials by function> (G)
Hierarchy of colorant (material)
................ colorant (material) (G)
Hierarchy of dye
.................... dye (G)
Hierarchy of <dye by composition or origin>
........................ <dye by composition or origin> (G)
Hierarchy of natural dye
............................ natural dye (G)
Hierarchy of vegetable dye
................................ vegetable dye (G)
Hierarchy of archil
.................................... archil (G)

Additional Notes:
Chinese (traditional) ..... 一種顏色從亮紅到濃紫的天然染料,取自橡苔屬、染料衣屬、樹花屬、茶漬屬等多種地衣中任何一種,此類地衣曾被埃及人用為染料。苔色素的調製方式在中世紀由義大利人飛德瑞果(Federigo)重新發現並遭其壟斷,被用來製作佛羅倫斯布料中的鮮豔紅色及紫色。十八世紀時,一名蘇格蘭化學家高登(C. Gordon)再重新發現其製造過程並申請專利,稱之「地衣紫」。茶漬酸經發酵再氧化轉化為地衣紫色素,便形成苔色素中的深紅色。苔色素可做為顏料、紡織染料、木材染色劑、食物著色劑,及在鹼性溶液中會呈藍色的指示染料。 

Related concepts:
composed of ....  orcein
....................  (<colorant for dye and pigment>, colorant (material), ... Materials (hierarchy name)) [300386721]
constituent of ....  French purple
..........................  (<colorant for dye and pigment>, colorant (material), ... Materials (hierarchy name)) [300311572]
derived/made from ....  lichens (Fungi)
................................  (Fungi (kingdom), Eukaryota (domain), ... Living Organisms (hierarchy name)) [300249626]

Sources and Contributors:
苔色素............  [AS-Academia Sinica Preferred]
...........  國家教育研究院-雙語詞彙、學術名詞暨辭書資訊網 November 20, 2009
...........  藝術名詞與技法辭典 26, 314
地衣紫............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
...........  藝術名詞與技法辭典 124
紅靛青............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
...........  藝術名詞與技法辭典 375
archil............  [GCI Preferred, VP Preferred]
.................  AATA database (2002-) 126833 checked 26 January 2012
.................  Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969) 19
.................  MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-) accessed 10 March 2009
.................  Oxford English Dictionary Online (2002-) accessed 10 March 2009
.................  Webster's Third New International Dictionary (1961)
cudbear............  [VP]
.................  Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969) 19
orchil............  [VP]
.................  American Heritage Dictionary (1969)
.................  CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-)
.................  Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-) accessed 10 March 2009
.................  Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969)
orchilla............  [CDBP-SNPC Preferred]
.................  Diccionario de términos científicos y técnicos (1981) 5:2602
orseille............  [AAT-Ned Preferred]
.................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
.................  Van Dale Engels-Nederlands (1989)
red indigo............  [VP]
.......................  Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969) 19
tai se su............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
....................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
tāi sè sù............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
....................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
t'ai se su............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.......................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
 
Subject: .....  [AAT-Ned, AS-Academia Sinica, CDBP-SNPC, GCI, VP]
............  AATA database (2002-) 126833 checked 26 January 2012
............  Van Dale Engels-Nederlands (1989)
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... Legacy AAT data
.......... MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
Chinese (traditional) .......... [AS-Academia Sinica]

 

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