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ID: 300012891
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300012891

 

Record Type: concept
balsam (resin) (resin (organic material), organic material, ... Materials (hierarchy name))

 

Note: An oleoresinous exudate from coniferous trees, especially of the Pinus genus. Balsams have been used since antiquity for medicinal purposes and as sealers. The exudate is a soft, semi-liquid consisting of terpenes of resinous character and a large amount of essential oils. Upon distillation, a liquid portion, called turpentine, and a solid residue, called rosin, are produced. Balsams have been used in varnishes and paint mediums; however, they deteriorate easily unless a harder resin is mixed with them.
 
Terms:
balsam (resin) (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,N)
balsams (resins) (C,U,LC,English,UF,U,N)
oleoresin (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
oleoresins (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
香脂 (樹脂) (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
精油樹脂 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
香樹脂 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
軟樹脂 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
芳香樹脂 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
香膠 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
xiāng zhī (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
xiang zhi (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
hsiang chih (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
balsem (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,U)
baume (C,U,French-P,D,U,N)
bálsamo (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,U)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  M.MT

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Materials Facet
Materials Facet
Hierarchy of Materials (hierarchy name)
.... Materials (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of materials (substances)
........ materials (substances) (G)
Hierarchy of <materials by composition>
............ <materials by composition> (G)
Hierarchy of organic material
................ organic material (G)
Hierarchy of resin (organic material)
.................... resin (organic material) (G)
Hierarchy of balsam (resin)
........................ balsam (resin) (G)

Additional Notes:
Chinese (traditional) ..... 取自針葉喬木的油性樹脂分泌物,尤其是來自松屬植物者。香脂在中世紀前已被使用於醫療上,以及作為封緘物質。此分泌物為軟質、半液態,成分為具樹脂特性的萜烯,以及大量的植物精油;藉由蒸餾,可分製出稱為「松節油」的液態部分以及稱為「松香」的固體殘餘物。香脂可用於製作清漆與繪畫用媒材,然而若未與較硬的樹脂混合,則容易腐壞。  

Related concepts:
derived/made from ....  Pinus (genus)
................................  (Pinaceae (family), Pinales (order), ... Living Organisms (hierarchy name)) [300343658]
meaning/usage overlaps with ....  turpentine (resin)
..................................................  (resin (organic material), organic material, ... Materials (hierarchy name)) [300375603]

Sources and Contributors:
香脂 (樹脂)............  [AS-Academia Sinica Preferred]
.................  國家教育研究院-雙語詞彙、學術名詞暨辭書資訊網 December 18, 2009
.................  朗文當代大辭典 110
.................  牛津當代大辭典 117
.................  英漢藝術詞典 32
.................  藝術名詞與技法辭典 39
精油樹脂............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
...........  藝術名詞與技法辭典 311
香樹脂............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
...........  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
軟樹脂............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
...........  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
芳香樹脂............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
...........  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
香膠............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
...........  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
balsam (resin)............  [VP Preferred]
.............................  Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-)
.............................  Grove Art Online (2008-)
.............................  Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969)
.............................  MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
.............................  Oxford English Dictionary Online (2002-)
bálsamo............  [CDBP-SNPC Preferred]
.................  Diccionario de Química y de productos químicos (1993) 1090
.................  Rico y Martínez, Diccionario Técnico Akal de conservación y restauración de bienes culturales, español-alemán-inglés-italiano-francés (2003) 37
balsams (resins)............  [VP]
.............................  Brady and Clauser, Materials Handbook (1977) 281
.............................  CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-)
balsem............  [AAT-Ned Preferred]
.................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
.................  Van Dale Engels-Nederlands (1989)
baume............  [CHIN / RCIP Preferred]
..............  CHIN database (1988-)
hsiang chih............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.......................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
oleoresin............  [VP]
....................  Brady and Clauser, Materials Handbook (1977) 653
....................  Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969) 29
....................  Webster's Third New International Dictionary (1961)
oleoresins............  [VP]
.......................  CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-)
xiang zhi............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
....................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
xiāng zhī............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
....................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
 
Subject: .....  [AAT-Ned, AS-Academia Sinica, CDBP-SNPC, CHIN / RCIP, VP]
............  CHIN database (1988-)
............  Van Dale Engels-Nederlands (1989)
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
.......... Oxford English Dictionary Online (2002-) accessed 13 November 2007
Chinese (traditional) .......... [AS-Academia Sinica]

 

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