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press cameras (view cameras, <cameras by mode of operation>, ... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name)) |
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Note: Refers to medium- to large-format folding cameras that generally share characteristics of the view camera such as rising fronts and tilt adjustments, including a drop-bed to accommodate wide angle lens objectives. So-called because the earliest models (ca. 1910) were intended for newspaper photographers requiring a sturdy camera with a large negative, and that could be handheld. Many are equipped with focal-plane shutters and wire frame viewers used to follow fast action. These characteristics, along with exceptional sturdiness of construction, are what distinguish them from the typical view camera. Press cameras were used primarily ca. 1910-1960; after this time 35mm cameras became the norm for news photography.
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| Terms: |
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| press cameras (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,PN)
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| press camera (C,U,English,AD,U,SN)
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| camera, press (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| 新聞攝影機 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
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| 新聞照相機 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| 記者照相機 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| 新聞相機 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| xīn wén shè yǐng jī (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
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| xin wen she ying ji (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
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| hsin wen she ying chi (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
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| perscamera's (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,U)
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| perscamera (C,U,Dutch,AD,U,U)
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| chambre de reportage (C,U,French-P,AD,U,FSN)
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Facet/Hierarchy Code: V.TH |
Hierarchical Position:
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Objects Facet |
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.... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name) (G) |
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........ Tools and Equipment (hierarchy name) (G) |
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............ equipment (G) |
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................ <equipment by process> (G) |
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.................... image-making equipment (G) |
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........................ photographic equipment (G) |
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............................ <cameras and camera accessories> (G) |
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................................ cameras (photographic equipment) (G) |
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.................................... <cameras by mode of operation> (G) |
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........................................ view cameras (G) |
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............................................ press cameras (G) |
Additional Notes: |
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| Chinese (traditional) ..... 指中片幅至大片幅的蛇腹相機，通常與觀景式相機有相同的特點，例如，可抬升的前鏡頭板與可調式傾角，包括可裝載廣角鏡頭的下拉式平台。本詞彙名稱源自於西元1910年最早使用的相機機型，當時為因應報社攝影師的需求，故具備穩固、使用大片幅底片以及可手持等特性。許多此類相機均配備焦平面快門以及線框觀景窗，以配合迅速移動的動作。此款相機基於前述特色以及堅固的外殼構造，因而有別於一般觀景式相機。媒體用相機主要風行於西元1910至1960年。爾後，35mm相機成為新聞攝影的標準配備。 |
| Dutch ..... Vouwcamera's van middelgroot of groot formaat die gewoonlijk dezelfde kenmerken hebben als een statiefcamera, zoals verschuifbare en verdraaibare staanders en een houder voor groothoeklenzen. Dit soort camera's wordt zo genoemd omdat de eerste modellen (circa 1910) bedoeld waren voor persfotografen, die een stevig apparaat nodig hadden met een groot negatief dat in de hand kon worden gehouden. Veel perscamera's zijn voorzien van spleetsluiters en draadframekijkers. Men kon er relatief snel foto's mee maken. Deze kenmerken en de stevige constructie waren een voordeel ten opzichte van statiefcamera's. Perscamera's werden tussen ongeveer 1910 en 1960 gebruikt. Daarna werden 35mm-camera's de norm in de persfotografie. |
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Sources and Contributors: |
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Subject: ..... |
[AASLH, AS-Academia Sinica, CHIN / RCIP, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP] |
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AASLH data (2016-) |
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Adams, Camera and Lens (1970) |
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CHIN / RCIP translation (2016-) |
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International Center of Photography Encyclopedia of Photography (1984) |
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Nomenclature database (2018-) http://nomenclature.info/nom/10877; scheme: Nomenclature-Objects |
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Nomenclature for Museum Cataloging / Nomenclature pour le catalogage translation project (2016-) |
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Orvell, Weegee's Voyeurism, American Art (1992) |
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Osmundson, Speed Graphic Cameras, View Camera (2005) |
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