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ID: 500114965
 		 Record Type: Person
Piranesi, Giovanni Battista (Italian draftsman, architect, and etcher, 1720-1778)

Note: Piranesi was very influential in advancing Roman versus Greek art and architecture in the 18th century. His work had a lasting impact on contemporary tastes in architecture and the decorative arts, primarily in Britain where he was the single greatest influence of architect Robert Adam. He is best known for his dramatic series of etchings, "Prisons," inspired by both his early training as a scenographer and his admiration for Roman ruins. In 1743, he published 12 plates of architectural fantasies, ideal structures, and imaginary scenes of ruins, intended to improve the state of architecture and advance the potential use of antique ruins in contemporary design. In 1744, he came in contact with the works of Tiepolo, which transformed his tight, exact early style to one of bold, fluid lines and dramatic chiaroscuro. Piranesi was in contact with practicing architects, most notably French and British throughout the 1750s, but in the 1760s, he received his first architectural and design commissions from Pope Clement XIII Rezzonico and members of his family. Although with the influence of the Rezzonico family waned with the Pope's death in 1769, Piranesi's work achieved widespread popularity throughout Europe. Italian engraver and architect.

Names:
Piranesi, Giovanni Battista (preferred,V,index,LC)
Giovanni Battista Piranesi (V,display)
Piranèse, Giovanni Battista (V)
Piranesi, Giambattista (V)
Piranesi, Gian Battista (V)
Piranesi, Giovan Battista (V)
Piranezi, Dzhovanni Battista (V)
Giambattista Piranesi (V)
Piranesi, G. B. (U)
Piranèse (U)

Nationalities:
Italian (preferred)
Roman

Roles:
artist (preferred)
designer
draftsman
architect
printmaker
engraver (printmaker)
etcher
printer
publisher
painter
theorist(s)
archaeologist(s)

Gender: male

Birth and Death Places:
Born:  Mogliano (Macerata province, Marches, Italy) (inhabited place)
Died:  Rome (Roma province, Lazio, Italy) (inhabited place)

Events:
active:   1745-1778  Rome (Roma province, Lazio, Italy) (inhabited place)
active:   1720-1740  Venice (Venezia province, Veneto, Italy) (inhabited place)
active:   1743-1744  Naples (Napoli province, Campania, Italy) (inhabited place)

Related People or Corporate Bodies:
apprentice of ....  Lucchesi, Matteo  
........................  (Italian architect, 1705-1776) [500001210]
apprentice was ....  Piranesi, Francesco  
..........................  (Italian architect and printmaker, ca. 1756 -1810) [500018927]
child of ....  Piranesi, Angelo  
..............  (Italian mason, ca.1684-1755) [500033658]
nephew of ....  Lucchesi, Matteo  
................  (Italian architect, 1705-1776) [500001210]
parent of ....  Piranesi, Francesco  
................  (Italian architect and printmaker, ca. 1756 -1810) [500018927]
parent of ....  Piranesi, Laura  
................  (Italian draftsman, engraver, 1755-1785) [500117929]
parent of ....  Piranesi, Pietro  
................  (Italian printmaker, born 1773) [500032347]
student of ....  Scalfarotto, Giovanni Antonio  
..................  (Italian architect, ca. 1695-1764) [500033614]
student of ....  Valeriano, Giuseppe  Piranesi studied stage design with Giuseppe and his brother Domenico
..................  (Italian painter and architect, 1542-1596) [500007375]
student of ....  Zucchi, Carlo  
..................  (Italian architect and printmaker, 1682-1767) [500027587]
teacher of ....  Cassini, Giovanni Maria  
..................  (Italian engraver and draftsman, active late 18th century) [500098064]
teacher of ....  Piranesi, Laura  
..................  (Italian draftsman, engraver, 1755-1785) [500117929]

List/Hierarchical Position:
 ....  Persons, Artists
 ........  Piranesi, Giovanni Battista (I)

Biographies:
(Italian draftsman, architect, and etcher, 1720-1778) ..... [VP Preferred]
(artist, 1720-1778) ..... [GRL]
(Italian architect) ..... [AVERY]
(Italian architect, 1720-1778) ..... [AVERY]
(Italian artist, 1720-1778) ..... [WL-Courtauld]
(Italian architect, 1720-1778) ..... [CL-Courtauld]
(Italian etcher, 1720-1778) ..... [Grove Art]
(Italian artist, 1720-1778) ..... [WCP]
(Italian painter, 1720-1778) ..... [PROV]
(Italian, 1720-1778) ..... [JPGM]
(artist 1720-1778) ..... [GRL]
(Italian architect and printmaker, 1720-1778) ..... [GRLPSC]
(4.X.1720-9.XI.1778; Architect, Artist, Printmaker, Napoli, Roma, Venezia) ..... [FDA]
(Italian architect, artist, draughtsman, engraver, etcher, and publisher, born Mogliano (Italy), 1720; died Rome (Italy), 1778) ..... [CCA]
(Italian printmaker, architect, 1720-1778) ..... [BHA]
(Italian engraver and architect, 1720-1778) ..... [AVERY]

Sources and Contributors:
Giambattista Piranesi ........ [AVERY, VP]
............................................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules
Giovanni Battista Piranesi ........ [PROV, VP]
.....................................................  J. Paul Getty Museum, collections online (2000-)
Piranèse ........ [GRL]
...................  Library of Congress Authorities database (n.d.) n 79006767
Piranèse, Giovanni Battista ........ [VP]
.......................................................  GRI Library, author records (1998-)
Piranesi, G. B. ........ [GRL]
...............................  Library of Congress Authorities database (n.d.) n 79006767
Piranesi, Giambattista ........ [AVERY Preferred, CCA, GRL, Grove Art, VP]
..............................................  Avery Authority files (1963-)
..............................................  GRI Library, author records (1998-)
..............................................  Grove Art artist database (1989-)
..............................................  Grove Dictionary of Art online (1999-2002) accessed 5 Feb 2003
..............................................  Library of Congress Authorities database (n.d.) n 79006767
Piranesi, Gian Battista ........ [CCA, GRL]
...............................................  GRI Library, author records (1998-)
...............................................  Library of Congress Authorities database (n.d.) n 79006767
Piranesi, Giovan Battista ........ [CCA, GRL]
...................................................  GRI Library, author records (1998-)
...................................................  Library of Congress Authorities database (n.d.) n 79006767
Piranesi, Giovanni Battista ........ [AVERY, BHA Preferred, CCA Preferred, CL-Courtauld Preferred, FDA Preferred, GRL Preferred, GRLPSC Preferred, Grove Art Preferred, JPGM Preferred, PROV Preferred, VP Preferred, WCP Preferred, WL-Courtauld Preferred]
.......................................................  Avery Authority files (1963-)
.......................................................  CCA Authority File (1980-)
.......................................................  GRI Library, author records (1998-)
.......................................................  Grove Art artist database (1989-)
.......................................................  Grove Dictionary of Art online (1999-2002) accessed 5 Feb 2003
.......................................................  J. Paul Getty Museum, collections online (2000-)
.......................................................  Library of Congress Authorities database (n.d.) n 79006767
.......................................................  Library of Congress Authorities online (2002-) 79006767; 88128529; 88128530
.......................................................  Macmillan Encyclopedia of Architects (1982)
.......................................................  National Gallery of Art database, Washington (1987-)
.......................................................  RILA/BHA (1975-2000)
.......................................................  Witt Library, Authority files
Piranezi, Dzhovanni Battista ........ [CCA, GRL]
.........................................................  GRI Library, author records (1998-)
.........................................................  Library of Congress Authorities database (n.d.) n 79006767

Subject: ........ [AVERY, BHA, CCA, CL-Courtauld, FDA, GRL, GRLPSC, Grove Art, JPGM, PROV, VP, WCP, WL-Courtauld]
....................  Batsford, Rome and Paestum by Piranesi (1913)
....................  Bolaffi, Dizionario dei pittori italiani (1972-1976)
....................  Campbell, Piranesi: The Dark Prisons (1988)
....................  CCA Authority File (1980-)
....................  Enciclopedia Italiana di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti (1931-1939)
....................  Enciclopedia Italiana di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti (1949-1951)
....................  Encyclopedia of World Art (1959-1987)
....................  GRI Library, author records (1998-)
....................  Grove Art artist database (1989-)
....................  Grove Dictionary of Art online (1999-2002) acccessed 24 June 2002; accessed 5 Feb 2003
....................  His Piranèse, c1974 (1980 printing):
....................  His Vedute di Roma, c1991:
....................  J. Paul Getty Museum, collections online (2000-)
....................  Library of Congress Authorities database (n.d.)
....................  Library of Congress Authorities online (2002-) 79006767; 88128529; 88128530
....................  Macmillan Encyclopedia of Architects (1982)
....................  McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Art (1969)
....................  National Gallery of Art database, Washington (1987-)
....................  National Union Catalog, Pre-1956 (1968-1981)
....................  New Encyclopaedia Britannica (1984)
....................  Osborne, Oxford Companion to Art (1970)
....................  Petit Robert 2: Noms propres (1989)
....................  Piranesi, Die Tempelruinen von Paestum (1973)
....................  RILA/BHA (1975-2000)
....................  Samuel, Piranesi (1912)
....................  Scott, Piranesi (1975)
....................  The decline and fall of the Roman Empire, 1946:
....................  Thieme-Becker, Allgemeines Lexikon der Kunstler (1980-1986) v.25
....................  Webster's New Biographical Dictionary (1988)
....................  Wilton-Ely, Giovanni Battista Piranesi (1978)
....................  Witt Library, Authority files
 
Note:
English .......... [AVERY, CL-Courtauld, GRL, WL-Courtauld]
.......... Library of Congress Authorities online (2002-)
.......... Yale Dictionary of Art and Artists (2000) 541
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