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ID: 500015030
 		 Record Type: Person
Man Ray (American painter and photographer, 1890-1976)

Note: Influential and prolific American photographer and painter, he adopted the pseudonym Man Ray around 1909. He was a prominent force of Dada and Surrealism, and the only American to play a significant role in the development of those movements. His visits to Alfred Stieglitz's influential gallery, 291 introduced him to a wide variety of European contemporary artists, such as Picasso, Rodin, and Braque. Like many other artists of his time, he was also greatly influenced by the avant-garde Armory show in New York City in 1913. His paintings from this period show his fascination with the flatness of Modernism and his interest in the patterns of shapes rather than a realistic rendering of subject matter. During his trip to Paris in 1921, Man Ray began to experiment with photography, inventing a version of the photogram he called "rayographs," photographic images composed of ordinary objects placed on photo sensitive paper exposed to light. Together with his muse Lee Miller, he developed the solarization process wich he used in his fashion and nude photography. With the onset of World War II, he lived in California and concentrated on painting and making objects. He returned to Paris in 1951, where he remained until his death. Man Ray was one of the first artists to make photographs seen as important works of art, equal to that of painting and sculpture.

Names:
Man Ray (preferred,V,display,LC,P)  ....  named adopted as early as 1909
Ray, Man (V)  ....  named adopted as early as 1909
Radnitzky, Emmanuel (V)
Rudnitsky, Emmanuel (V)
Rudnitzky, Emmanuel (V)
Radenski, Emmanuel (V)
Man Rei (U)
マン·レイ (U)
Rudnizky, Emmanuel (U)

Nationalities:
American (preferred)
French

Roles:
artist (preferred)
painter
photographer
engraver (printmaker)
sculptor

Gender: male

Birth and Death Places:
Born:  Philadelphia (Philadelphia county, Pennsylvania, United States) (inhabited place)
Died:  Paris (Ville de Paris department, Île-de-France, France) (inhabited place)

Related People or Corporate Bodies:
collaborated with ....  Duchamp, Marcel  
................................  (French painter, sculptor, and writer, 1887-1968) [500115393]
collaborated with ....  Miller, Lee  
................................  (American photographer, 1907-1977) [500023704]
friend of ....  Duchamp, Marcel  
................  (French painter, sculptor, and writer, 1887-1968) [500115393]
member of ....  Society of Independent Artists  
................  (American and European artists' society, active 1916-1944) [500117049]
spouse of ....  Man Ray, Juliet  
................  (American dancer and model, died 1991) [500289720]
teacher of ....  Brandt, Bill  
..................  (English photographer, 1904-1983) [500026943]

List/Hierarchical Position:
 ....  Persons, Artists
 ........  Man Ray (I)

Biographies:
(American painter and photographer, 1890-1976) ..... [VP Preferred]
(artist, 1890-1976) ..... [GRL]
(American photographer, 1890-1976) ..... [Grove Art]
(American artist, 1890-) ..... [WCP]
(American painter, 1890-1976) ..... [PROV]
(American painter, photographer, and sculptor, 1890-1976) ..... [GRLPSC]
(Artist, photographer, Paris, 1890-1976) ..... [AVERY]
(American artist, 1890-1976) ..... [WCI]
(Engraver, 1890-1976) ..... [WCI]
(American, 1890-1976, active France) ..... [JPGM]
(American painter, photographer, 1890-1976) ..... [BHA]
(French artist) ..... [AVERY]
(French artist, 1890-1976) ..... [AVERY]
(American sculptor, 1890-1976) ..... [CL-Courtauld]
(American artist, 1890-1976) ..... [WL-Courtauld]

Sources and Contributors:
Man Ray ........ [AVERY, BHA, GRL Preferred, GRLPSC, Grove Art Preferred, JPGM Preferred, PROV, VP Preferred, WCI Preferred]
................  Avery Authority files (1963-)
................  Getty Research Library Photo Archive database
................  Grove Art artist database (1989-)
................  Grove Dictionary of Art online (1999-2002) accessed 4 Oct 2002
................  J. Paul Getty Museum, collections online (2000-)
................  Library of Congress Authorities database (n.d.) n 80019625
Man Rei ........ [GRL]
................  Library of Congress Authorities database (n.d.) n 80019625
Radenski, Emmanuel ........ [AVERY, GRL]
......................................  Avery Authority files (1963-)
......................................  Avery Index to Architectural Periodicals (1963-)
......................................  Library of Congress Authorities database (n.d.) n 80019625
Radnitzky, Emmanuel ........ [GRL, Grove Art, VP]
........................................  Grove Art artist database (1989-)
........................................  Grove Dictionary of Art online (1999-2002) accessed 4 Oct 2002
........................................  Library of Congress Authorities database (n.d.) n 80019625
Ray, Man ........ [AVERY Preferred, CL-Courtauld Preferred, GRL, GRLPSC Preferred, PROV Preferred, VP, WCP Preferred, WL-Courtauld Preferred]
..................  Avery Authority files (1963-)
..................  Library of Congress Authorities database (n.d.) n 80019625
..................  RILA/BHA (1975-2000)
..................  Witt Library, Authority files
Rudnitsky, Emmanuel ........ [GRL, WCI]
........................................  Library of Congress Authorities database (n.d.) n 80019625
........................................  Witt Computer Index database
Rudnitzky, Emmanuel ........ [BHA, GRL]
........................................  BHA, Authority file (1973-)
........................................  Library of Congress Authorities database (n.d.) n 80019625
Rudnizky, Emmanuel ........ [GRL]
......................................  Library of Congress Authorities database (n.d.) n 80019625
マン·レイ ........ [GRL]
............  Library of Congress Authorities database (n.d.) n 80019625

Subject: ........ [AVERY, BHA, CL-Courtauld, GRL, GRLPSC, Grove Art, JPGM, PROV, VP, WCI, WCP, WL-Courtauld]
....................  Auer, Encyclopédie des Photographes (1985)
....................  Avery Index to Architectural Periodicals (1963-)
....................  BHA, Authority file (1973-)
....................  Encyclopedia of World Art (1959-1987)
....................  Getty Research Library Photo Archive database
....................  Grove Art artist database (1989-)
....................  Grove Dictionary of Art online (1999-2002) accessed 4 Oct 2002
....................  J. Paul Getty Museum, collections online (2000-)
....................  LCNAF Library of Congress Name Authority File [n.d.]
....................  Library of Congress Authorities database (n.d.)
....................  Library of Congress Authorities online (2002-) NAFL7999084
....................  Naylor, Contemporary Photographers (1988) 1988
....................  NY Times obit.
....................  Oxford Companion to Twentieth-Century Art (1981)
....................  Phaidon Dictionary of Twentieth Century Art (1973)
....................  RILA/BHA (1975-2000)
....................  Who Was Who in American Art (1985)
....................  Who's Who in American Art (1936-) 1989 necrol.
....................  Witt Computer Index database
....................  Witt Library, Authority files
....................  Wood, Surreal Things: Surrealism and Design (2007) 354
 
Note:
English .......... [AVERY, CL-Courtauld, VP, WL-Courtauld]
.......... LCNAF Library of Congress Name Authority File [n.d.]
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