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celluloid (cellulosic) (cellulosic, thermoplastic, ... Materials (hierarchy name)) |
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Note: A tough, highly flammable but not usually explosive, synthetic thermoplastic composed essentially of cellulose nitrate and camphor or another plasticizer. It was originally a trademark of Hoechst Celanese. It was marketed as a substitute for ivory, horn, amber, tortoiseshell for use in piano keys, dolls, buttons, combs, brushes, mirrors, collars, dental plates, and other small items. Tough, transparent sheets and strips of celluloid were also used for photographic and motion picture films as well as animation cels. Celluloid film was cast from a solution of cellulose nitrate with wood alcohol (methanol), amyl nitrate, camphor and fusel oil (amyl alcohol). The first celluloid product was patented in 1856 by Alexander Parkes, and called Parkesine. John Wesley Hyatt created an improvement in 1868 by adding camphor to make it thinner and more malleable. Celluloid has appeared commercially under a variety of names.
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| Terms: |
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| celluloid (cellulosic) (preferred,C,U,LC,English-P,D,U,N)
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| celluloid (cellulosic) (Norwegian (Nynorsk)-P,AD,U,SN)
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| celluloid (Dutch-P,D,U,U)
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| celluloid (Norwegian (Bokmål)-P,AD,U,SN)
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| ivorine (C,U,English,AD,U,N)
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| ivorine (Dutch,UF,U,N)
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| Ivorine (C,U,English,UF,U,U)
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| French ivory (C,U,English,UF,U,U)
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| celluloïd (nitrocellulose) (C,U,French-P,D,U,N)
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| Zelluloid (C,U,German-P,D,U,U)
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| celluloide (C,U,Italian-P,D,U,U)
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| celuloid (C,U,Polish-P,D,U,U)
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| celulóide (C,U,Portuguese-P,D,U,SN)
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| celuloide (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,U)
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Facet/Hierarchy Code: M.MT |
Hierarchical Position:
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Materials Facet |
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.... Materials (hierarchy name) (G) |
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........ materials (substances) (G) |
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............ <materials by composition> (G) |
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................ organic material (G) |
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.................... plastic (material) (G) |
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........................ <plastic by property> (G) |
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............................ thermoplastic (G) |
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................................ cellulosic (G) |
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.................................... celluloid (cellulosic) (G) |
Additional Notes: |
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| Dutch ..... Een taai, synthetisch thermoplastic dat zeer brandbaar is maar meestal niet explosief; hoofdzakelijk samengesteld uit cellulose-nitraat met kamfer of een andere weekmaker. Ivorine is een ivoor simulant. In de 19e eeuw waren wetenschappers aan het zoeken naar een bruikbaar synthetische plastic om hoorn, ivoor en schildpad te vervangen. Deze natuurlijke materialen werden namelijk erg duur. Ivorine (ook wel gekend als 'Frans ivoor') was de allereerste thermoplast. Dat wil zeggen dat het kon worden vervormd onder invloed van warmte, en zijn vorm behield als het afkoelde. Het werd uitgevonden door John Wesley Hyatt in 1868. |
| Portuguese ..... Termoplástico sintético resistente, altamente inflamável, mas geralmente não explosivo, composto essencialmente por nitrato de celulose e cânfora ou outro plastificante. Era originalmente uma marca registrada da Hoechst Celanese. Foi comercializado como um substituto para marfim, chifre, âmbar, casco de tartaruga para uso em teclas de piano, bonecas, botões, pentes, escovas, espelhos, colares, placas dentárias e outros itens pequenos. Folhas resistentes e transparentes e tiras de celulóide também foram usadas para filmes fotográficos e cinematográficos, bem como células de animação. O filme de celulóide foi moldado a partir de uma solução de nitrato de celulose com álcool de madeira (metanol), nitrato de amila, cânfora e óleo fúsel (álcool amílico). |
| Spanish ..... Termoplástico sintético duro altamente inflamable pero no habitualmente explosivo, compuesto esencialmente de nitrato de celulosa y alcanfor u otros plastificantes. |
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Related concepts: |
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| composed of .... |
nitrocellulose |
| .................... |
(cellulosic, thermoplastic, ... Materials (hierarchy name)) [300014444] |
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