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adobe (material) (sun-dried brick, <brick by technique: drying process>, ... Materials (hierarchy name)) |
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Note: Handmade, sun-dried brick typically made from wet mud and straw, sometimes also containing sand, clay, dung, grass, chaff, or blood. It is porous, wettable, susceptible to wet-dry cycle degradation, but good heat insulation. Adobe walls are typically built using mud mortar between the brick layers followed with a mud stucco finish layer. It was used as early as 7000 BCE for houses, buildings, and pyramids, particularly in arid climates such as Mesopotamia, Persia, Palestine, India, China, and the pre-Columbian Americas. For sun-dried brick that may or may contain the binders of adobe, use the more general "sun-dried brick."
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| Terms: |
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| adobe (material) (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,SN)
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| adobe (material) (Portuguese-P,D,SN)
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| adobe (Spanish-P,D,U,SN)
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| adobe (Dutch-P,D,U,U)
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| adobe (French-P,AD,U,MSN)
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| adobe block (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| adobe brick (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| later crudus (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| xamitl (C,U,C,Classical Nahuatl-P,UF,B)
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............ | variant orthography |
| xamjtl (C,U,Classical Nahuatl,UF,B)
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............ | variant orthography |
| tlapepecholli (C,U,Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl,UF,B)
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............ | variant orthography, Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl |
| ladrillo sin cocer (C,U,Spanish,AD,U,U)
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| adobes (C,U,Spanish,UF,U)
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Facet/Hierarchy Code: M.MT |
Hierarchical Position:
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Materials Facet |
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.... Materials (hierarchy name) (G) |
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........ materials (substances) (G) |
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............ <materials by composition> (G) |
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................ inorganic material (G) |
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.................... clay (G) |
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........................ <clay by product> (G) |
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............................ brick (clay material) (G) |
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................................ <brick by technique> (G) |
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.................................... <brick by technique: drying process> (G) |
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........................................ sun-dried brick (G) |
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............................................ adobe (material) (G) |
Additional Notes: |
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| Dutch ..... Steen gemaakt van aarde of dergelijk binder en soms zand of stro, die niet is gebakken maar in de zon is gedroogd. |
| Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl ..... Xamitl tlen axcanah tlaixquintli ica tonatiuh, quipiya tlalli, zo ceyoc tlamantli tlen mohmotzquitoc huan quemmantzin tlachihualli ica xalli zo zacatl. |
| Portuguese ..... Tijolos feitos à mão, secos ao sol, tipicamente feitos de barro e palha molhados, às vezes também contendo areia, argila, esterco, grama, palha ou sangue. É poroso, molhável, suscetível à degradação do ciclo de secagem a seco, mas com bom isolamento térmico. As paredes da Adobe são normalmente construídas usando argamassa de lama entre as camadas de tijolo, seguida de uma camada de acabamento de estuque de lama. Foi usado já em 7000 AEC para casas, edifícios e pirâmides, particularmente em climas áridos como Mesopotâmia, Pérsia, Palestina, Índia, China e Américas pré-colombianas. Para tijolos secos ao sol que podem ou podem conter os aglutinantes de adobe, use o "tijolo seco ao sol" mais genérico. |
| Spanish ..... Ladrillo sin cocer secado por el sol que contiene tierra o un material de unión similar y a veces arena o paja.
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Related concepts: |
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| meaning/usage overlaps with .... |
sun-dried brick |
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(<brick by technique: drying process>, <brick by technique>, ... Materials (hierarchy name)) [300081146] |
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Sources and Contributors: |
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| adobe (material)............ |
[AASLH Preferred, CDBP-SNPC Preferred, CHIN / RCIP Preferred, CVAA-BR Preferred, GCI Preferred, GRI-FloCo Preferred, RKD, AAT-Ned Preferred, VP Preferred] |
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AASLH data (2016-) |
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AAT-Ned (1994-) |
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AATA database (2002-) 120205 checked 26 January 2012 |
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Avery Index (1963-) (source AAT) - subhead. |
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CHIN / RCIP translation (2016-) |
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CVAA-BR Consortium (2020-) |
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Down to Earth (1983) 8 |
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Fleming et al., Penguin Dictionary of Architecture (1981) |
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GRI, FloCo terminology (2019-) |
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Hornbostel, Construction Materials (1978) |
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Morrow, Dictionary of Landscape Architecture (1987) |
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Nomenclature database (2018-) http://nomenclature.info/nom/50; scheme: Nomenclature-Objects |
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Nomenclature for Museum Cataloging / Nomenclature pour le catalogage translation project (2016-) 50 |
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Putnam y Carlson, Diccionario de Arquitectura, Construcción y Obras Públicas (1998) 14 |
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RIBA, Architectural Keywords (1982) |
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Smit, Means Illustrated Construction Dictionary (1985) |
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Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994) |
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Webster's Third New International Dictionary (1961) |
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Subject: ..... |
[AASLH, CDBP-SNPC, CHIN / RCIP, CVAA-BR, GCI, GRI-FloCo, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP] |
| ............ |
AASLH data (2016-) |
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AATA database (2002-) 120205 checked 26 January 2012 |
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CHIN / RCIP translation (2016-) |
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CVAA-BR Consortium (2020-) |
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GRI, FloCo terminology (2019-) |
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Nomenclature database (2018-) http://nomenclature.info/nom/50; scheme: Nomenclature-Objects |
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Nomenclature for Museum Cataloging / Nomenclature pour le catalogage translation project (2016-) |
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RIBA, Architectural Keywords (1982) Earth construction: Adobe |
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Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994) |
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