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ID: 7004431
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/7004431

 

Record Type: administrative
Hierarchy of Kassel (inhabited place)  Kassel (inhabited place)

Coordinates:
Lat: 51 19 00 N  degrees minutes   Lat: 51.3167  decimal degrees
Long: 009 30 00 E  degrees minutes   Long: 9.5000  decimal degrees

Note: The city of Kassel is located on the Fulda River some 90 miles northeast of Frankfurt am Main. Mentioned in 913 as Chassala, the town was probably the seat of Franconian kings. Ruled by Hesse from the 13th century, it became the residence of the Hessian landgraves around 1277. The town expanded in size and population when the New Town was built in the 14th century, then the Upper New Town in the 17th century to accommodate Huguenot refugees. It served as the capital of the Electorate of Hessen from 1567 to 1866. It became in the early 20th century a producer of aircraft and tanks, and as such was heavily bombed in World War II. It historic architecture includes the Orangery Palace, 1701-11, and the Ottoneum, 1604-07, rebuilt in 1697, and claimed to be the oldest theatre building in Germany, being now a museum. Kassel has a large number of museums, including the intriguing German Wallpaper Museum. The city has several technical schools and an academy of applied art. A famous statue of Hercules, situated at the very top of the series of cascades, has been the city's symbol over the last 250 years. Today it is important as a railway junction and transportation center, and local industries include the manufacture of optical and precision instruments, textiles, and transportation equipment. Its 2004 estimated population was 193,900.

Names:
Kassel (preferred,C,V,English-P)
Cassel (C,O)
Castellum (NA,V)
Chasalla (NA,V)
קסל (C,U,Hebrew )
Casle (H,V)  ............ spelling used in late Middle Ages
Chassala (H,V,German-P,U,N)  ............ name derived from Latin-Franconian word for stronghold ("castella"), documented in 913
Chassela (H,V)

Hierarchical Position:
Hierarchy of World (facet)    World (facet)
Hierarchy of Europe (continent)  ....  Europe (continent) (P)
Hierarchy of Germany (nation)  ........  Germany (nation) (P)
Hierarchy of Hesse (state)  ............  Hesse (state) (P)
Hierarchy of Kassel (inhabited place)  ................  Kassel (inhabited place) (P)

Place Types:
inhabited place (preferred, C)  ............  probably was a Franconian fortress, first documented in 913, chartered in 1180, expanded in 14th and 17th centuries
city (C)
district capital (C)
transportation center (C)
industrial center (C)
cultural center (C)  ............  noted for museums of art and natural history, site of oldest theater in Germany (now a museum)
noble seat (H)  ............  probably of Franconian kings, was residence of landgraves of Hesse from ca. 1277

Sources and Contributors:
קסל..........  [IMJ]
...........  Israel Museum Jerusalem contribution (n.d.)
Casle..........  [VP]
..............  Encyclopaedia Britannica (1988) VI, 758
Cassel..........  [BHA, GRLPSC, VP]
.................  NGA/NIMA database (2003-)
.................  Webster's Geographical Dictionary (1984)
Castellum..........  [VP]
....................  NGA/NIMA database (2003-)
Chasalla..........  [VP]
.................  NGA/NIMA database (2003-)
Chassala..........  [VP]
.................  Encyclopaedia Britannica (1988) VI, 758
Chassela..........  [VP]
.................  Canby, Historic Places (1984) 1:466
Kassel..........  [BHA, FDA, GRLPSC, IMJ Preferred, VP Preferred]
.................  Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer (1961)
.................  Israel Museum Jerusalem contribution (n.d.)
.................  Müllers Deutsches Ortsbuch (1988)
.................  National Gallery of Art database, Washington (1987-)
.................  NGA/NIMA database (2003-)
.................  Times Atlas of the World (1994) 97
.................  USBGN: Foreign Gazetteers
.................  Webster's Geographical Dictionary (1984)
.................  Webster's Geographical Dictionary (1988) 593
Subject: .....  [BHA, FDA, GRLPSC, IMJ, VP]
..................  Canby, Historic Places (1984) 1:466
..................  Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer (1961)
..................  Encyclopaedia Britannica (1988) VI, 758
..................  Israel Museum Jerusalem contribution (n.d.)
..................  LC Name Authority Headings. [online] (2002-) Kassel (Germany) NAF80043584; accessed 15 June 2004
..................  Müllers Deutsches Ortsbuch (1988)
..................  National Gallery of Art database, Washington (1987-)
..................  NGA/NIMA database (2003-) -1804271
..................  Times Atlas of the World (1994) 97
..................  USBGN: Foreign Gazetteers
..................  Webster's Geographical Dictionary (1984)
..................  Webster's Geographical Dictionary (1988) 593
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
..........  Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-2014) "Kassel." Encyclopedia Britannica Online 2002-. http://www.search.eb.com/eb/article?eu=45856&tocid=0&query=kassel&ct=eb (15 June 2004)
..........  World Gazetteer [online] (1990-2006) "Hesse." World Gazetteer. [online] 1990-. http://www.world-gazetteer.com/fr/fr_de.htm (15 June 2004)

 

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