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Vernacular Display | English Display |
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Siena (inhabited place) |
Coordinates: |
| Lat: 43 19 07 N degrees minutes |
Lat: 43.3180 decimal degrees |
| Long: 011 19 50 E degrees minutes |
Long: 11.3300 decimal degrees |
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Elevation: |
| 1056.430 feet |
322.0000 meters |
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Note: Siena was founded as an Etruscan hill town, possibly by the Saina tribe; later it was the Roman city of Sena Julia (3rd century BCE). It flourished under the Lombard kings (6th century CE) and was a Medieval self-governing commune (constitution dates to 1179). Siena was a Medieval seat of pro-imperial Ghibelline power and was an economic and territorial rival of Guelf (anti-imperial) Florence. The population was ravaged by the Black Death (bubonic plague) in 1348. Siena was ruled by Charles of Anjou in the 13th century, the Visconti of Milan in the early 15th century, and the Medici of Florence after 1557. Historic core named an UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995. |
Names: |
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| Siena (preferred,C,V,display,English-P,U,N)
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............ | used since 13th century |
| Siena (Spanish-P,U)
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| Siena (Italian-P,U,N)
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| Siena (French-P,U)
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| Siena (German-P,U)
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| Siena (Dutch-P,U)
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| Sienna (C,V,English,U,N)
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............ | obsolete spelling, but used occasionally |
| Σιένα (C,V,Greek,U)
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| 锡耶纳 (C,V,Chinese,U)
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| Сиена (C,V,Russian,U)
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| Sienne (C,V,French,U)
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| Siyenah (C,V,Hebrew (transliterated),U)
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| סיינה (C,V,Hebrew ,U)
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| シエーナ (C,V,Japanese,U)
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| Sienese (C,O,English,U,A)
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| Saena Julia (H,V,Latin-P,U,N)
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............ | Roman, reference to Julius Caesar |
| Sanna (H,V)
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| Sena (H,V,S,Etruscan-P,U,N)
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............ | Etruscan period |
| Senae (H,V)
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............ | medieval |
| Sena Julia (H,V)
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Hierarchical Position: |
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............ |
Tuscany (region (administrative division)) (P,C) part of new kingdom of Italy from 1861 |
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................ |
Siena (province) (P) |
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.................... |
Siena (inhabited place) (P) |
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Additional Parents: |
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........ |
Etruria (former group of nations/states/cities) (P) |
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............ |
Siena (inhabited place) (P,H) sites near Siena date to the Late Etruscan period |
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Place Types: |
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| inhabited place (preferred, C) |
............ |
settled by Etruscans (flourished 6th century BCE) |
| city (C) |
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| archiepiscopal see (C) |
............ |
bishopric was established by Middle Ages, later became an archbishopric; noted for large medieval cathedral |
| commune (administrative) (C) |
............ |
since 1125 |
| cultural center (C) |
............ |
since Middle Ages, famed for architecture, sculptors and painters including Duccio, Simone Martini and the Lorenzetti |
| tourist center (C) |
............ |
noted for medieval architecture and Palio horse races |
| university center (C) |
............ |
university founded in 1240 |
| World Heritage Site (C) |
............ |
from 1995 |
| financial center (H) |
............ |
was important European banking center by 13th century, but declined with fall of Ghibelline power in area and Black Death of 1348 |
| countship (H) |
............ |
Frankish, 6th-12th century |
| Frankish (H) |
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| Ancient Roman (H) |
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| Etruscan (H) |
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Related geographic places: |
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| ally of .... |
Arezzo .......... (inhabited place) |
| ............ |
(World, Europe, Italy, Tuscany, Arezzo province) [7006072] |
| ............ |
Ghibelline allies during the 13th and 14th centuries |
| ally of .... |
Pisa .......... (inhabited place) |
| ............ |
(World, Europe, Italy, Tuscany, Pisa province) [7006082] |
| ............ |
Ghibelline allies during the 13th and 14th centuries |
| ally of .... |
Pistoia .......... (inhabited place) |
| ............ |
(World, Europe, Italy, Tuscany, Pistoia province) [7005060] |
| ............ |
Ghibelline allies during the 13th and 14th centuries |
| near/adjacent to .... |
La Piana .......... (deserted settlement) |
| .............................. |
(World, Europe, Italy, Tuscany, Siena province) [7029473] |
| .............................. |
La Piana was related to Siena, site is adjacent to modern Siena |
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Sources and Contributors: |
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