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ID: 300310592
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300310592

 

Record Type: concept
Chondrichthyes (class) (Vertebrata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), ... Living Organisms (hierarchy name))

 

Note: A class of very ancient vertebrates including sharks, rays, skates, and chimaeras, that are characterized by having a cartilaginous skeleton, and typically a notochord present in the young that is gradually replaced by cartilage, a relatively large brain weight relative to body size, red blood cells produced in the spleen and special tissue around the gonads rather than in bone marrow, unique Leydig's organ and epigonal organ that may be part of the immune system, tough skin covered with dermal teeth, five to seven gills, internal fertilization, having young produced by either live birth (ovoviviparous species) or through eggs (oviparous) depending upon the species, and by being primarily ectothermic or cold blooded. Many of the living sharks and rays are assigned to the same genera as species that swam the Cretaceous seas over 100,000,000 years ago.
 
Terms:
Chondrichthyes (class) (preferred,C,U,LC,S,English-P,D,L,N)
Chondrichthyes (class) (Latin-P,D,U,N)
Chondrichthyes (klasse) (Dutch-P,D,U,U)
cartilaginous fish (C,U,C,English,AD,U,N)  ............ singular and plural for individuals
cartilaginous fishes (C,U,English,AD,U,N)  ............ plural for different varieties
chondrichthians (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
chondrichthian (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
軟骨魚綱 (綱) (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
ruǎn gǔ yú gāng (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
ruan gu yu gang (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
juan ku yü kang (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  H.HL

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Agents Facet
Agents Facet
Hierarchy of Living Organisms (hierarchy name)
.... Living Organisms (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of living organisms (entities)
........ living organisms (entities) (G)
Hierarchy of Eukaryota (domain)
............ Eukaryota (domain) (G)
Hierarchy of Animalia (kingdom)
................ Animalia (kingdom) (G)
Hierarchy of Chordata (phylum)
.................... Chordata (phylum) (G)
Hierarchy of Vertebrata (subphylum)
........................ Vertebrata (subphylum) (G)
Hierarchy of Chondrichthyes (class)
............................ Chondrichthyes (class) (G)

Additional Parents:

Hierarchy of Agents Facet
Agents Facet
Hierarchy of Living Organisms (hierarchy name)
.... Living Organisms (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of living organisms (entities)
........ living organisms (entities) (G)
Hierarchy of Eukaryota (domain)
............ Eukaryota (domain) (G)
Hierarchy of Animalia (kingdom)
................ Animalia (kingdom) (G)
Hierarchy of Chordata (phylum)
.................... Chordata (phylum) (G)
Hierarchy of Vertebrata (subphylum)
........................ Vertebrata (subphylum) (G)
Hierarchy of fish (animals)
............................ fish (animals) (G)
Hierarchy of Chondrichthyes (class)
................................ Chondrichthyes (class) (G)

Additional Notes:
Chinese (traditional) ..... 一種非常古老的脊椎動物,例如鯊魚、魟魚、鰩以及銀鮫。特徵為有由軟骨組成的骨骼,且幼年時出現的脊索會逐漸被軟骨取代。此外,以體積而言,軟骨魚的腦部重量相當重。紅血球是由脾臟以及生殖腺周圍的特殊組織製造,而非骨髓。特殊的賴迪氏腺與精上器為免疫系統一部分,表皮堅硬且上有真皮齒狀物。擁有五到七個鰓,行體內受精,依種類可分為卵胎生或卵生方式繁殖,屬冷血動物。許多現存的鯊魚與魟魚都被歸為同一屬,皆曾經於一億年前的白堊紀海中生活。 
Dutch ..... Een klasse van zeer oude gewervelde dieren waaronder haaien, roggen, vleten en draakvissen, die zich kenmerken door een kraakbeenachtig skelet en de typische aanwezigheid van een rudimentaire ruggengraat in de jonge dieren die geleidelijk wordt vervangen door kraakbeen, een relatief groot hersengewicht ten opzichte van de lichaamsgrootte, in de milt geproduceerde rode bloedcellen en speciaal weefsel rond de geslachtsklier in plaats van beenmerg, een uniek orgaan van Leydig en een epigonaal orgaan dat onderdeel kan zijn van het immuunsysteem, een taaie huid bedekt met huidtanden, vijf tot zeven kieuwen, inwendige bevruchting, jongen die afhankelijk van de soort levend geboren worden (ovovivipare soorten) of uit een ei ter wereld komen (ovipare soorten), en door het feit dat ze voornamelijk ectotherm of koudbloedig zijn. Veel levende haaien en roggen behoren tot dezelfde genera als soorten die meer dan 100 miljoen jaar geleden in de zeeën van het Krijt zwommen. 

Sources and Contributors:
軟骨魚綱 (綱)............  [AS-Academia Sinica Preferred]
.................  國家教育研究院-雙語詞彙、學術名詞暨辭書資訊網 28 July, 2014 August 25, 2011
.................  基礎生命科學 475
.................  大英百科全書線上繁體中文版 August 25, 2011
.................  智慧藏百科全書網 August 25, 2011
.................  脊椎動物學(上) 67
cartilaginous fish............  [VP]
...................................  Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-)
...................................  Thesaurus of Park, Recreation, and Leisure Service Terms (1990)
...................................  Webster's Third New International Dictionary (1961)
cartilaginous fishes............  [VP]
...................................  CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-)
...................................  Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-)
...................................  Judge and Toyne, Oxford Illustrated Encyclopedia (1985) Vol. 2, taxonomy on endpapers
...................................  Oxford English Dictionary (1989)
chondrichthian............  [VP]
.............................  Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-) "chondrichthian," accessed 16 May 2006
chondrichthians............  [VP]
.............................  Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-) "chondrichthian," accessed 16 May 2006
.............................  Random House Unabridged Dictionary (1993)
Chondrichthyes (class)............  [AAT-Ned Preferred, VP Preferred]
.........................................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
.........................................  Animal Diversity Web (1995-)
.........................................  CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-)
.........................................  Collier's Encyclopedia (1950) 2:253
.........................................  Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-) "chondrichthian," accessed 16 May 2006
.........................................  Taxonomicon: Systema Naturae online (2000-)
.........................................  Webster's Third New International Dictionary (1961)
juan ku yü kang............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.............................  TELDAP database (2009-)
ruan gu yu gang............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.............................  TELDAP database (2009-)
ruǎn gǔ yú gāng............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.............................  TELDAP database (2009-)
 
Subject: .....  [AAT-Ned, AS-Academia Sinica, VP]
............  Animal Diversity Web (1995-)
............  Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-) "chondrichthian," accessed 16 May 2006
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... American Museum of Natural History [online] (2006-)
.......... Animal Diversity Web (1995-)
.......... Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-) accessed 11 August 2008
.......... Natural History Museum, London (2000-) accessed 11 August 2008
Chinese (traditional) .......... [AS-Academia Sinica]
.......... TELDAP database (2009-)
Dutch .......... [AAT-Ned]
.......... AAT-Ned (1994-)

 

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