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circuses (Roman arenas) (<sports buildings by form>, sports buildings, ... Built Environment (hierarchy name)) |
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Note: Oblong ancient Roman enclosures that are curved at one end, with tiered seating on three sides, and built for chariot and horse racing. Meaning overlaps with similar structures in Greek cities of the Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine eras, "hippodromes (Greek sports buildings)." For sports structures used for horse racing in more modern contexts, use "horse racetracks."
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| Terms: |
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| circuses (Roman arenas) (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,PN)
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| circus (Roman arena) (C,U,English,AD,U,SN)
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| circus (renbaan) (Dutch,AD,U,U)
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| ملعب (C,U,Arabic -P,D,U,U)
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| 圓形競技場 (羅馬運動場) (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
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| 大競技場 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| 賽馬場 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| yuán xíng jìng jì chǎng (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
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| yuan xing jing ji chang (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
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| yüan hsing ching chi ch'ang (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
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| circussen (renbanen) (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,U)
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| circos (estadio romano) (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,PN)
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| circo (estadio romano) (C,U,Spanish,AD,U,SN)
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Facet/Hierarchy Code: V.RK |
Hierarchical Position:
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Objects Facet |
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.... Built Environment (hierarchy name) (G) |
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........ Single Built Works (hierarchy name) (G) |
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............ single built works (built environment) (G) |
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................ <single built works by specific type> (G) |
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.................... <single built works by function> (G) |
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........................ recreation structures (G) |
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............................ recreation buildings (G) |
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................................ sports buildings (G) |
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.................................... <sports buildings by form> (G) |
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........................................ circuses (Roman arenas) (G) |
Additional Notes: |
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| Arabic ..... سياجات رومانية قديمة مستطيلة الشكل منحنية من أحد الأطراف، مع مقاعد متدرجة من ثلاث جهات، وهي مصممة لسباق العربات والخيول. يتداخل المعنى مع هياكل مماثلة في المدن اليونانية في العصور الهلنستية والرومانية والبيزنطية، "مضمار سباق الخيل (المباني الرياضية اليونانية)." بالنسبة إلى الهياكل الرياضية المستخدمة لسباق الخيل في سياقات أكثر حداثة، استخدم "حلبات سباق الخيل". |
| Chinese (traditional) ..... 古羅馬的橢圓形圈圍式結構物，一端為弧形，其餘三邊設有階梯式座席，供進行雙輪戰車及騎馬比賽。古希臘時期性質相近的結構物，稱為「競技場（希臘運動建築）」。在現代專供進行騎馬比賽的運動場館，則稱為「賽馬場」。 |
| Dutch ..... Ronde schouwplaatsen, strijd-, renbanen, worstelperken, ook met ovale banen, die aan een eind gebogen zijn, met rijen zitplaatsen langs drie kanten en gebouwd voor wedstrijden met paard en wagen. Gebruik 'hippodromen' voor soortgelijke antieke Griekse gebouwen. Gebruik 'paardenrenbanen' voor sportbouwwerken die worden gebruikt voor paardenraces in moderne context. |
| Spanish ..... Cercamiento oblongo de la antigua Roma que se curva en uno de sus extremos, con asientos dispuestos en hilera en tres de sus lados, y construido para las carreras de carros y caballos. Para estructuras similares de la antigua Grecia, usar "hipódromo (edificio deportivo griego)". Para estructuras deportivas utilizadas para carreras de caballo en contextos más modernos, usar "horse racetracks". |
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Related concepts: |
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| distinguished from .... |
horse racetracks |
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(racetracks (complexes), sports complexes (building complex), ... Built Environment (hierarchy name)) [300000608] |
| meaning/usage overlaps with .... |
hippodromes (Greek sports buildings) |
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(<sports buildings by form>, sports buildings, ... Built Environment (hierarchy name)) [300108449] |
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Sources and Contributors: |
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| circuses (Roman arenas)............ |
[VP Preferred] |
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Avery Index (1963-) (source AAT) |
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Dinsmoor, Architecture of Ancient Greece (1975) |
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Fleming et al., Penguin Dictionary of Architecture (1981) Circuses |
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Fletcher, History of Architecture (1975) 309; Circuses |
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Getty Vocabulary Program rules |
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Grove Art Online (2008-) |
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Harris, Dictionary of Architecture and Construction (1975) illustration; Circuses |
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Kostof, Castillo, and Tobias, History of Architecture (1995) GLOS; Circuses |
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Oxford English Dictionary (1989) Circuses |
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Random House Unabridged Dictionary (1993) Circuses |
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RIBA, Architectural Keywords (1982) Circuses (buildings) |
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Sturgis, Dictionary of Architecture and Building (1901) illustration; Circuses |
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Ward-Perkins, Roman Imperial Architecture (1985) GLOS; Circuses |
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Webster's Third New International Dictionary (1961) Circuses |
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