 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research Home
 Tools Art & Architecture Thesaurus Full Record Display
|
|
|
|
 |
|
|
|
 |
 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Click the  icon to view the hierarchy. |
|
|
Van Dyck brown (pigment) (organic brown pigment, brown pigment, ... Materials (hierarchy name)) |
|
Note: A naturally occurring dark brown earth pigment containing organic humus, peat, or coal material mixed with iron oxides, alumina and silica. When ignited, the pigment leaves a soft gray residue. The colorant is fugitive and fades on exposure to strong light. The pigment was first used in the 17th century; early sources were from the Cologne and Kassel regions of Germany, thus the alternate pigment names. The brown earth has since been obtained from various localities each of which may differ slightly in color and composition. To add to this confusion some pigments labeled "Van Dyck brown" were bituminous while others were synthetically made from from carbon black and iron oxide mixtures. For these synthetic mixtures, use "synthetic Van Dyck brown."
|
| Terms: |
|
| Van Dyck brown (pigment) (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,N)
|
| Van Dyke brown (pigment) (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| Vandyke brown (pigment) (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| Cassel brown (pigment) (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| Cassel earth (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| Kassel earth (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| Castle earth (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| Cassler umbra (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| Cologne earth (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| bituminous earth (pigment) (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| humic earth (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| humic-earth pigment (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| Cullens earth (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| earth of cullen (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| Colens earth (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| Collens earth (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| terra di Colonia (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| moreno de Van Dyck (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| moreno de Van Dyck (Spanish,UF,U,N)
|
| Kasslerbraun (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| Kasslerbraun (German,UF,U,N)
|
| 凡戴克棕 (顏料) (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
|
| 卡塞爾土 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
|
| 科隆土 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
|
| 魯本斯棕 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
|
| fán dài kè zōng (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
|
| fan dai ke zong (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
|
| fan tai k'o tsung (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
|
| grijsbruin (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,U)
|
| terre de Cassel (C,U,French-P,D,U,N)
|
| brun Vandyck (C,U,French,UF,U,N)
|
| Van Dyck Braun (C,U,German-P,D,U,N)
|
| terra di Cassel (C,U,Italian-P,D,U,N)
|
| terre di Cassel (C,U,Italian,UF,U,N)
|
| tierra de Cassel (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,N)
|
| pardo Van Dyke (C,U,Spanish,AD,U,U)
|
| carmelita Van Dyck (C,U,Spanish,UF,U,N)
|
|
Facet/Hierarchy Code: M.MT |
Hierarchical Position:
|
|
|
Materials Facet |
|
|
.... Materials (hierarchy name) (G) |
|
|
........ materials (substances) (G) |
|
|
............ <materials by function> (G) |
|
|
................ colorant (material) (G) |
|
|
.................... pigments (G) |
|
|
........................ <pigment by color> (G) |
|
|
............................ brown pigment (G) |
|
|
................................ organic brown pigment (G) |
|
|
.................................... Van Dyck brown (pigment) (G) |
Additional Notes: |
|
| Chinese (traditional) ..... 一種天然產生的深棕土顏料，以有機腐殖質、泥炭或煤等材料混合氧化鐵、矽石和礬土而成。若經點燃，此顏料會產生軟性灰色殘渣。本著色劑暴露在強光下會褪色。范戴克棕首用於十七世紀，早期源自德國的科隆（Cologne）及卡塞爾（Kassel）地區，它們因此也成為此顏料的兩個別名。之後許多地方都開採此類棕土，但每種在顏色及成分上都有些微不同。更加複雜的是，有些標為「范戴克棕」的顏料為瀝青製成，其它則為碳黑和氧化鐵混合的合成物，此類合成混合物請稱「合成范戴克棕」。 |
|
Sources and Contributors: |
|
| earth of cullen............ |
[VP] |
| ............................. |
Personal Communication Joyce Zucker, Paintings Conservator, NY State Bureau of Historic Sites, January 1989. |
| humic earth............ |
[VP] |
| ....................... |
Personal Communication Elisabeth West Fitzhugh, Conservation scientist, ret., December 1991. |
| terre di Cassel............ |
[VP] |
| ............................. |
Personal Communication Elisabeth West Fitzhugh, Conservation scientist, ret., December 1991. |
|
|
