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jǔjià (<construction technique by form or materials>, construction (assembling), ... Processes and Techniques (hierarchy name)) |
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Note: Meaning, literally, to raise and build up, jujia is the method of positioning the purlins within the roof frame, layer by layer, in order to determine the pitch of the roof. The term mainly appears in the Gongcheng zuofa (1734) and Yingzao suanli edited by Liang Sicheng, so it can be considered part of the official practice of the Qing dynasty. Different from juzhe 舉折 described in the Song dynasty Yingzao fashi (1103), jujia is the process of determining the height of the roof ridge based on the heights of the purlins as calculated from the bottom (eaves) to the top (ridge). Here jugao 舉高 refers to the height that a purlin is lifted relative to the one below it. The jugao of each purlin is determined by the percentage of the distance of bujia 步架, the distance between two adjacent purlins. For instance, “65 ju” ( 六五舉) means that the height of jugao is 65% that of the bujia 步架. The first step is to determine the height between the top of the neighboring pillars, guazhu 瓜柱 post, or tuodun 柁橔 brace. Then add the appropriate height of pingshui 平水, and this will result in the appropriate position for the purlin. As outlined in the Yingzao suanli, the calculation of jugao differs according to the number of purlins in a given building. Few actual buildings correspond exactly to the method of jujia outlined in the Gongcheng zuofa and Yingzao suanli, indicating that the height of the purlins could be increased or decreased according to specific circumstances rather than always rigidly following a single standard that was documented in these texts.
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| Terms: |
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| jǔjià (preferred,B,U,English-P,D,L,B)
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| jǔjià (Chinese (transliterated Pinyin)-P,D,U,B)
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| chü-chia (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles),D,U,B)
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| jujia (B,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones),D,U,B)
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| 舉架 (B,U,Chinese (traditional),D,U,B)
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| 举架 (B,U,Chinese (simplified),D,U,B)
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Facet/Hierarchy Code: K.KT |
Hierarchical Position:
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Activities Facet |
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.... Processes and Techniques (hierarchy name) (G) |
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........ <processes and techniques by specific type> (G) |
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............ <additive and joining processes and techniques> (G) |
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................ assembling (additive and joining process) (G) |
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.................... construction (assembling) (G) |
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........................ <construction technique by form or materials> (G) |
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............................ jǔjià (G,U) |
Additional Notes: |
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| Chinese (traditional) ..... 舉架是通過柱、梁把桁條（小式建築中稱為檁條）層層上舉的方式獲得屋架折線的方法。該術語在文獻中主要出現於清工部《工程做法》和梁思成編訂的《營造算例》，可認為是清官式做法。與宋代《營造法式》記載的舉折不同，舉架是從下往上逐次確定桁條位置。首先确定进深方向竖向构件上皮（柱，瓜柱，柁橔）相对于前一构件上皮抬起的高度。該高度以桁條間的水平距離為基準按一定規則計算。繼而加上平水的高度（等同於墊板高度），即得到桁條下皮的高度。(梁 1981；王 1995，18）在實例中，沒有嚴格符合《工程做法》或《營造算例》中規定的舉架做法。 |
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