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ID: 300014910
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300014910

 

Record Type: concept
enamel (fused coating) (<coating by composition or origin>, coating (material), ... Materials (hierarchy name))

 

Note: A semi-transparent or opaque vitreous, porcelain-like coating applied by fusion to metal, glass, or ceramic, having a glossy appearance after hardening. Enamel is typically made from powdered fusible glasses (e.g., quartz, feldspar, clay, soda, and borax) and opaque colorants (e.g., cobalt blue, tin oxide) mixed with oil or water, then painted or sprayed on the object and fired up to 800 C. Enamel is used to protect a surface, to decorate objects in various colors and patterns, to form a surface for encaustic painting, and for other purposes.
 
Terms:
enamel (fused coating) (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,N)
enamels (fused coatings) (C,U,English,AD,U,N)
inorganic enamel (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
مطلي بالمينا (C,U,Arabic -P,D,U,U)
琺瑯 (熔合塗層) (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
搪瓷 (琺瑯) (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
fà láng (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
fa lang (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
fa lang (Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
emaillak (materiaal) (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,U)
émail (fused coating) (C,U,French-P,D,U,N)
émails (fused coatings) (C,U,French,AD,U,N)
Emaille (C,U,German-P,D,U,N)
emalje (C,U,Norwegian (Nynorsk)-P,AD,U,SN)
emalje (Norwegian (Bokmål)-P,AD,U,SN)
esmalte (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,U)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  M.MT

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Materials Facet
Materials Facet
Hierarchy of Materials (hierarchy name)
.... Materials (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of materials (substances)
........ materials (substances) (G)
Hierarchy of <materials by function>
............ <materials by function> (G)
Hierarchy of coating (material)
................ coating (material) (G)
Hierarchy of <coating by composition or origin>
.................... <coating by composition or origin> (G)
Hierarchy of enamel (fused coating)
........................ enamel (fused coating) (G)

Additional Notes:
Arabic ..... طلاء زجاجي شبه شفاف أو معتم، يشبه الخزف، يتم تطبيقه عن طريق الصهر على المعدن أو الزجاج أو السيراميك، ويكون له مظهر لامع بعد التصلب. يُصنع المينا عادةً من مسحوق الزجاج القابل للانصهار (مثل الكوارتز والفلسبار والطين والصودا والبوراكس) والملونات غير الشفافة (مثل أزرق الكوبالت وأكسيد القصدير) المخلوطة بالزيت أو الماء، ثم يتم طلاءها أو رشها على الجسم وإشعالها. إلى 800 درجة مئوية. يستخدم المينا لحماية السطح، وتزيين الأشياء بألوان وأنماط مختلفة، ولتشكيل سطح للطلاء الشمعي، ولأغراض أخرى. 
Chinese (traditional) ..... 一種半透明或不透明,像玻璃、瓷器般的塗層,以熔解方式塗在金屬、玻璃或陶器上,變硬後擁有光滑的外觀。典型而言,琺瑯是由粉狀的易熔玻璃(例如:石英、長石、黏土、蘇打以及月石)和不透明的著色劑(例如:鈷製的深藍色顏料、錫氧化物)與油或水混合而成,然後塗繪或噴灑在物件上,再以高達攝氏八百度的火烘製。琺瑯是用來保護一個表面、用多種顏色及圖案裝飾物件、為了上釉燒入彩色法而形成一個表面,以及做為其他用途。 
Dutch ..... Een meestal ondoorzichtig, glasachtig deklaagje hoofdzakelijk bestaande uit kwarts, veldspaat, klei, natriumcarbonaat en borax, dat door inbranding wordt aangebracht op ondergronden van met name metaal, keramiek of glas; het glanst als het hard is geworden. 
Spanish ..... Sustancia de revestimiento habitualmente opaca y vítrea compuesta fundamentalmente de cuarzo, feldespato, arcilla, soda y bórax, aplicada por fusión a superficies tales como metal, cerámica o vidrio. Tiene un aspecto brillante al endurecerse. 

Related concepts:
material for ....  enamels (visual works)
......................  (<visual works by material or technique>, visual works (works), ... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name)) [300178264]
required for ....  enameling
......................  (coating (process), <surface covering processes and techniques>, ... Processes and Techniques (hierarchy name)) [300053773]
used by ....  enamelers
............  (<people in crafts and trades by material>, <people in crafts and trades>, ... People (hierarchy name)) [300025258]

Sources and Contributors:
مطلي بالمينا............  [IDEA Preferred]
.......................  IDEA: International (Digital) Dura-Europos Archive (International) (2023-)
琺瑯 (熔合塗層)............  [AS-Academia Sinica Preferred]
....................  世界藝術史 892
....................  國家教育研究院-雙語詞彙、學術名詞暨辭書資訊網 July 24, 2009
....................  大英視覺藝術百科全書 Vol. 9, 178
....................  朗文當代大辭典 561
....................  牛津當代大辭典 575
....................  藝術名詞與技法辭典 154
搪瓷 (琺瑯)............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.................  藝術名詞與技法辭典 154
émail (fused coating)............  [CHIN / RCIP Preferred, VP]
......................................  CHIN database (1988-)
emaillak (materiaal)............  [AAT-Ned Preferred]
...................................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
...................................  Van Dale Online Woordenboek (2014-)
Emaille............  [VP]
.................  MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
émails (fused coatings)............  [VP]
.........................................  Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names (1997-)
emalje............  [NASJON Preferred]
.................  Norwegian National Museum of Art database (2021-)
enamel (fused coating)............  [GCI Preferred, VP Preferred]
.........................................  AATA database (2002-) 123291 checked 26 January 2012
.........................................  Brady and Clauser, Materials Handbook (1977) 277
.........................................  Museum Prototype Project, Medium of Objects Frequency Report (1985)
.........................................  Putnam and Carlson, Architectural and Building Trades Dictionary (1974)
.........................................  RIBA, Architectural Keywords (1982)
.........................................  RILA, Subject Headings (1975-1990)
.........................................  Tate Gallery, Completing the Picture (1982)
.........................................  Worcester Art Museum Library, List of subject headings, unpub. (1976)
enamels (fused coatings)............  [VP]
.........................................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules enamels
esmalte............  [CDBP-SNPC Preferred]
.................  Grech, Diccionario plurilingüe de términos de arqutectura y construcción (1998) 90
.................  Mayer, Materiales y técnicas del arte, 1985 158
fa lang............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
fà láng............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
inorganic enamel............  [VP]
.............................  MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
 
Subject: .....  [AAT-Ned, AS-Academia Sinica, CDBP-SNPC, CHIN / RCIP, GCI, IDEA, NASJON, VP]
............  AAT-Ned (1994-)
............  AATA database (2002-) 123291 checked 26 January 2012
............  CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-) Enamel and enamelling
............  CHIN database (1988-)
............  IDEA: International (Digital) Dura-Europos Archive (International) (2023-)
............  Norwegian National Museum of Art database (2021-) 37b8d63e-440e-49dc-9da8-11e4dac0cedd
............  RILA, Subject Headings (1975-1990) precoor.; Canton enamel; Limoges enamel; enamel, British; Roman enamel; Battersea enamel; Gothic enamel; Baroque enamel; Enamel, Chinese; Medieval enamel; Byzantine enamel; Romanesque enamel; Anglo-Saxon enamel; Carolingian enamel; Renaissance enamel; Merovingian enamel; Georgian (Transcaucasia) enamel
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-)
.......... MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
.......... Oxford English Dictionary Online (2002-)
Arabic .......... [IDEA]
.......... IDEA: International (Digital) Dura-Europos Archive (International) (2023-)
Chinese (traditional) .......... [AS-Academia Sinica]
.......... AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
Dutch .......... [AAT-Ned]
.......... AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......... Van Dale Online Woordenboek (2014-)
Spanish .......... [CDBP-SNPC]
.......... TAA database (2000-)

 

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