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ID: 300075947
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300075947

 

Record Type: concept
reredoses (screens) (altarpieces, religious visual works, ... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name))

 

Note: Refers to relatively large ornamented walls, screens, or other structures located above and behind the high altar of a Christian church, often holding the sacred tabernacle. A reredos may be placed against the apse wall, directly behind the altar, or may form part an altar screen. Its form evolved from the dossal, a tapestry or painting on the wall behind the altar. In church design, It may serve as a screen between celebrant and the congregation or between the choir and the retrochoir. In Spanish churches the reredos grew to be as wide as the nave and reaching to the vaulting of the roof. The reredos may be made of precious materials and heavily decorated, often with carvings, niches, sculptures, paintings and tapestries. It is distinct from a 'retable'; while the reredos typically rises from ground level behind the altar, the retable is smaller, standing either on the back of the altar itself or on a pedestal behind it. Many altars have both a reredos and a retable.
 
Terms:
reredoses (screens) (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,PN)
reredoses (screens) (Dutch-P,D,U,U)
reredos (screens) (C,U,LC,English,UF,U,N)
reredos (screens) (Spanish-P,D,U,PN)
reredos (Dutch,AD,U,U)
retablo (reredos screens) (C,U,English,UF,L,SN)
retablo (pantallas del altar) (Spanish,AD,U,SN)
mostre d'altare (C,U,Italian-P,D,U,PN)
mostra d'altare (C,U,Italian,AD,U,SN)
reredo (C,U,Spanish,AD,U,SN)
retablos (pantallas del altar) (C,U,Spanish,UF,U,PN)  ............ in the Spanish colonies, the term referred to a relatively small panel; see 'retablos (panel paintings)'
postabula (H,U,English,UF,U,N)  ............ medieval name
retroaltar (H,U,English,UF,U,N)  ............ medieval name
retrotabularium (H,U,English,UF,U,N)  ............ medieval name

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  V.VC

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Objects Facet
Objects Facet
Hierarchy of Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name)
.... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of Visual Works (hierarchy name)
........ Visual Works (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of visual works (works)
............ visual works (works) (G)
Hierarchy of <visual works by function>
................ <visual works by function> (G)
Hierarchy of religious visual works
.................... religious visual works (G)
Hierarchy of altarpieces
........................ altarpieces (G)
Hierarchy of reredoses (screens)
............................ reredoses (screens) (G)

Additional Parents:

Hierarchy of Objects Facet
Objects Facet
Hierarchy of Components (hierarchy name)
.... Components (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of components (objects parts)
........ components (objects parts) (G)
Hierarchy of <components by specific context>
............ <components by specific context> (G)
Hierarchy of architectural elements
................ architectural elements (G)
Hierarchy of <architectural elements by building type>
.................... <architectural elements by building type> (G)
Hierarchy of religious building fixtures
........................ religious building fixtures (G)
Hierarchy of Christian religious building fixtures
............................ Christian religious building fixtures (G)
Hierarchy of <screens in Christian religious buildings>
................................ <screens in Christian religious buildings> (G)
Hierarchy of reredoses (screens)
.................................... reredoses (screens) (G)

Additional Notes:
Dutch ..... Verwijst naar relatief grote versierde muren, schermen of andere constructies boven en achter het hoogaltaar van een christelijke kerk. Een reredos kan tegen de apsismuur of direct achter het altaar zijn geplaatst. Ook kan een reredos deel uitmaken van een altaarscherm. De term is afgeleid van een Anglo-Frans woord dat 'achter' of 'achterkant' betekende en raakte ingeburgerd in de 15de eeuw. De reredos ontstond uit de dorsaal, een tapisserie of schildering op de muur achter het altaar. In het kerkinterieur werden vanaf de late 11de eeuw de zetel van de bisschop en het koorgestoelte naar voren gebracht ten opzichte van de altaarmuur, en kwam de reredos als een scherm tussen hen en de congregatie in te staan. In bepaalde Engelse kerken diende de reredos als afscheiding tussen het koor en het achterkoor. In de loop van de tijd ging men voor het maken van de reredos kostbare materialen gebruiken en werd deze overdadig gedecoreerd, vaak met beeldsnijwerken, nissen, beeldhouwwerken, schilderingen en tapisserieën. De reredoses in Spaanse kerken werden in de loop der tijd zo breed als het schip en zo hoog als het dakgewelf. Een 'retabel' is iets anders. Dit is kleiner en staat achter op het altaar zelf of op een sokkel achter het altaar. Dit in tegenstelling tot reredoses die meestal vanaf de grond verrijzen achter het altaar. Veel altaren hebben zowel een reredos als een retabel. In de architectuur kan de term 'reredos' ook verwijzen naar een scherm of scheidingswand in een andere context, bijvoorbeeld naar de muur die de achterkant vormt van een open haard in een oude zaal. 
Spanish ..... Úsese para grandes estructuras sobre y detrás de los altares cristianos que contienen imágenes religiosas correspondientes, puede formar parte del lado interior de una pantalla de altar. 

Related concepts:
based on ....  dossals (curtains)
..............  (<coverings and hangings for altars and altar components>, <coverings and hangings for religious building fixtures>, ... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name)) [300204851]
distinguished from ....  choir screens
..................................  (<screens in Christian religious buildings>, Christian religious building fixtures, ... Components (hierarchy name)) [300078129]
distinguished from ....  retables (altar appendage)
..................................  (altarpieces, religious visual works, ... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name)) [300076035]
distinguished from ....  retablos (panel paintings)
..................................  (<paintings by subject type>, paintings (visual works), ... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name)) [300262837]

Sources and Contributors:
mostra d'altare............  [ICCD Preferred, VP]
.............................  ICCD database (1988-)
mostre d'altare............  [VP]
.............................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules
postabula............  [VP]
....................  Sturgis, Dictionary of Architecture and Building (1901) 3; 278
reredo............  [CDBP-SNPC Preferred]
.................  Peñuelas, Lo español en el suroeste de los Estados Unidos (1964) 256
reredos (screens)............  [CDBP-SNPC, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP]
................................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
................................  Avery Index (1963-)
................................  CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-)
................................  Columbia Encyclopedia Online (2001-)
................................  Comité, Plural del término en singular
................................  RILA, Subject Headings (1975-1990)
................................  Tesauro de Arte & Arquitectura (TAA) [online] (2000-)
reredoses (screens)............  [CDBP-SNPC, GCI Preferred, RKD, AAT-Ned Preferred, VP Preferred]
...................................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
...................................  AATA database (2002-) 128191 checked 26 January 2012
...................................  Contributed as a candidate term Candidate term--AVIADOR--7/87
...................................  Encyclopaedia Britannica (1973)
...................................  Lucie-Smith, Thames & Hudson Dictionary of Art Terms (1986)
...................................  Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969) 12
...................................  Oxford Companion to Art (1984)
...................................  Pierce, From Abacus to Zeus (1987) 3, under "altarpiece" entry
...................................  Sturgis, Dictionary of Architecture and Building (1901) illustration
...................................  Tesauro de Arte & Arquitectura (TAA) [online] (2000-)
retablo (reredos screens)............  [VP]
............................................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules
retablos (pantallas del altar)............  [VP]
.....................................................  Columbia Encyclopedia Online (2001-)
retroaltar............  [VP]
.......................  Sturgis, Dictionary of Architecture and Building (1901) 3; 278
retrotabularium............  [VP]
.............................  Sturgis, Dictionary of Architecture and Building (1901) 3; 278
 
Subject: .....  [CDBP-SNPC, GCI, ICCD, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP]
............  AAT-Ned (1994-)
............  AATA database (2002-) 128191 checked 26 January 2012
............  Avery Index (1963-) Altarpieces
............  CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-) Altarpieces
............  RILA, Subject Headings (1975-1990) Altarpieces
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... Catholic Encyclopedia online (1997-2003)
.......... Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-)
.......... Grove Dictionary of Art online (1999-2002) "Frame: Spanish Gothic retables." accessed 25 August 2003
.......... Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary [online] (1997-2002)
.......... Oxford English Dictionary Online (2002-)
Dutch .......... [RKD, AAT-Ned]
.......... AAT-Ned (1994-)
Spanish .......... [CDBP-SNPC]
.......... TAA database (2000-)

 

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