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Research Home
 Tools Union List of Artist Names Full Record Display
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Click the  icon to view the hierarchy.
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Howqua (Chinese merchant, 1769-1843)
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Note: Wealthy member of hong merchants group, who established a system of collective price-fixing that required the taking of a blood oath, as practiced by the Chinese merchant guilds. |
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List/Hierarchical Position: |
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Biographies:
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(Chinese merchant, 1769-1843) ..... [VP Preferred]
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Sources and Contributors: |
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