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ID: 500013325 Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/ulan/500013325			Record Type: Person

Toyen (Bohemian painter, draftsman, and illustrator, 1902-1980)

Note: Studied at the School of Fine Arts in Prague from 1919 to 1922. Formed a partnership with the painter Jindrich Štrský in 1922 which lasted until his death in 1942. Joined the Devětsil group in Prague, 1923. Lived in Paris 1925-1928, where she ceased relying on a Cubist-inspired vocabulary. She developed with Štrský a doctrine of Artificialism: an abstract style in which images and feelings are recorded on canvas via "color sensations." They exhibited their first series of Artificialist works in 1926 at the Galerie de l' Art Contemporain, Paris. Toyen later became a founding member of the Czech Surrealist group, and helped organize its first exhibition in 1935. During the Nazi occupation her work was banned and she went undergound until 1945. After 1947 she was an active participant in the Surrealist milieu in Paris.

Names:
	Toyen (preferred,V,display,LC P,English-P,NA,U)
	Toyen (Dutch-P,NA)
	Toyen, Marie (V)
	Toyen, Marie Cernisova (V)
	Čermínová, Marie (V)
	Cermínová, Marie (V)
	Cernisova Toyen, Marie (V)	....	wrongly attributed name
	Marie Cernisova Toyen (V)
	Toyen (Marie Cerminová) (U)
	טואיין (צ'רמינובה, מריי) (U,Hebrew-P,NA,U)
	Cermínová, Maria (U,index)
	Germoniová, Marie (U)

Nationalities:
	Czech (preferred)
	Bohemian
	French
	Czechoslovakian (historic)

Roles:
	artist (preferred)
	painter
	printmaker
	draftsman
	illustrator
	graphic artist

Gender: female


Birth and Death Places:
	Born: Prague (Praha, Hlavní Město, Czech Republic) (inhabited place) Died: Paris (Île-de-France, France) (inhabited place)

Related People or Corporate Bodies:

collaborated with ....	Štyrský, Jindřich
................................	(Czech painter, printmaker, and photographer, 1899-1942) [500013863]

member of ....	Devětsil
................	(Czech avant-garde group, active 1920-1931) [500125065]

List/Hierarchical Position:

....

Persons, Artists

........

Toyen (I)

Biographies:

(Bohemian painter, draftsman, and illustrator, 1902-1980) ..... [VP Preferred]
(Czech painter, printmaker, 1902-1980) ..... [BHA]
(Czech printmaker 1902-1980) ..... [GRLPA]
(French artist, 20th cent.) ..... [WCP]
(French artist, 20th century) ..... [WL-Courtauld]
(Bohemian painter, 1902-1980) ..... [Grove Art]
(artist, 1902-1980) ..... [GRL]
(artist, active 20th century) ..... [GRISC]
(French artist, born Bohemia. 1902-1980) ..... [MoMA]
(Czech painter, 1902-1980) ..... [IMJ]
(French graphic artist, 1902-1980) ..... [RKD]

Additional Names:

Sources and Contributors:

טואיין (צ'רמינובה, מריי) ........	[IMJ]
..............................................	Israel Museum Jerusalem database

Cermínová, Maria ........	[RKD]
..................................	RKD Artists database (2000-) 78055

Čermínová, Marie ........	[GRL, Grove Art, VP]
.................................	BHA, Authority file (1973-)
.................................	Grove Art artist database (1989-)
.................................	Library of Congress Authorities data (n.d.) n 50034328
.................................	Šmejkal and Svácha, Devětsil (1990) 109

Cermínová, Marie ........	[VP]
..................................	RILA/BHA (1975-2000)

Cernisova Toyen, Marie ........	[VP]
.............................................	Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon. Internationale Künstlerdatenbank (1993-2006) accessed 30 September 2008

Germoniová, Marie ........	[RKD]
....................................	RKD Artists database (2000-) 78055

Marie Cernisova Toyen ........	[VP, WL-Courtauld]
...........................................	Getty Vocabulary Program rules

Toyen ........	[BHA Preferred, GRISC Preferred, GRL Preferred, GRLPA, Grove Art Preferred, IMJ Preferred, RKD Preferred, VP Preferred]
.............	Arntz
.............	BHA, Authority file (1973-)
.............	Grove Art artist database (1989-)
.............	Grove Art Online (2003-2008) accessed 2 November 2004
.............	Harald Szeemann papers, Finding Aid, GRI Special Collections (2011-)
.............	Israel Museum Jerusalem database
.............	Library of Congress Authorities data (n.d.) n 50034328
.............	RILA/BHA (1975-2000)
.............	RKD Artists database (2000-) 78055
.............	Šmejkal and Svácha, Devětsil (1990) 109

Toyen, Marie ........	[VP]
..........................	Bénézit Dictionary of Artists: English Edition (2006) 13:1131

Toyen (Marie Cerminová) ........	[MoMA Preferred]
...............................................	Artists, Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) New York (2000-)

Toyen, Marie Cernisova ........	[GRLPA, WCP Preferred, WL-Courtauld Preferred]
.............................................	Database for the Witt Checklist of Painters c. 1200-1976 (1978-)
.............................................	Witt Library, Authority files


Note:
English	..........	[VP]
	..........	Grove Art Online (2003-2008) accessed 11 November 2004

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