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   Hierarchy of Top of the TGN hierarchy (hierarchy root) Top of the TGN hierarchy (hierarchy root)
   Hierarchy of World (facet) .... World (facet)
   ........ Europe (continent)
View physical features ............ [ view physical features ]
   Hierarchy of Adygeya (republic) .................... Adygeya (republic) [N]
   Hierarchy of Albania (nation) .................... Albania (nation)
   .................... Alemannia (historical region)
   Hierarchy of Alsace (historical region) .................... Alsace (historical region)
   .................... Alsace-Lorraine (general region)
   .................... Andalusia (historical region)
   Hierarchy of Andorra (nation) .................... Andorra (nation)
   .................... Angevin Empire (former nation/state/empire)
   .................... Aragon (historical region)
   .................... Ardennes (general region)
   Hierarchy of Arkhangel’skaya Oblast’ (oblast) .................... Arkhangel’skaya Oblast’ (oblast) [N]
   .................... Augustowski, Kanał (canal)
   Hierarchy of Austria (nation) .................... Austria (nation)
   .................... Austrian Netherlands (historical region)
   .................... Austrian Silesia (historical region)
   Hierarchy of Auvergne (historical region) .................... Auvergne (historical region)
   Hierarchy of Baltic Countries (general region) .................... Baltic Countries (general region)
   .................... Banat (general region)
   Hierarchy of Bashkortostan (republic) .................... Bashkortostan (republic) [N]
   .................... Batavian Republic (historical region)
   Hierarchy of Belarus (nation) .................... Belarus (nation)
   Hierarchy of Belgium (nation) .................... Belgium (nation)
   Hierarchy of Belgorodskaya Oblast’ (oblast) .................... Belgorodskaya Oblast’ (oblast) [N]
   .................... Benelux Economic Union (union)
   .................... Bessarabia (general region)
   Hierarchy of Bosnia and Herzegovina (nation) .................... Bosnia and Herzegovina (nation)
   Hierarchy of Brabant (historical region) .................... Brabant (historical region)
   Hierarchy of Brandenburg (general region) .................... Brandenburg (general region)
   Hierarchy of Brittany (historical region) .................... Brittany (historical region)
   Hierarchy of Bryanskaya Oblast' (oblast) .................... Bryanskaya Oblast' (oblast) [N]
   .................... Bukovina (general region)
   Hierarchy of Bulgaria (nation) .................... Bulgaria (nation)
   .................... Camino de Santiago de Compostela (road)
   .................... Caput Adriae (historical region)
   Hierarchy of Caucasus (general region) .................... Caucasus (general region) [N]
   .................... Cedillo, Embalse de (reservoir)
   .................... Central Europe (general region)
   .................... Cerdagne (general region)
   Hierarchy of Chechnya (republic) .................... Chechnya (republic) [N]
   Hierarchy of Chuvashiya (republic) .................... Chuvashiya (republic) [N]
   Hierarchy of Croatia (nation) .................... Croatia (nation)
   .................... Czechoslovakia (general region)
   Hierarchy of Czech Republic (nation) .................... Czech Republic (nation)
   Hierarchy of Dacia (historical region) .................... Dacia (historical region)
   Hierarchy of Dagestan (republic) .................... Dagestan (republic) [N]
   Hierarchy of Denmark (nation) .................... Denmark (nation)
   .................... Deutsch-Luxemburgischer Naturpark (park)
   .................... Dobruja (historical region)
   .................... Donets Basin (region (geographic))
   Hierarchy of Eastern Europe (general region) .................... Eastern Europe (general region)
   .................... Eastern Rumelia (region (administrative division))
   Hierarchy of Edirne (province) .................... Edirne (province) [N]
   Hierarchy of English Pale, The (general region) .................... English Pale, The (general region)
   Hierarchy of Epirus (general region) .................... Epirus (general region)
   Hierarchy of Estonia (nation) .................... Estonia (nation)
   Hierarchy of Etruria (former group of nations/states/cities) .................... Etruria (former group of nations/states/cities)
   .................... European Community (association)
   .................... European Union (union)
   .................... Euro Zone (union)
   Hierarchy of Faeroe Islands (dependent state) .................... Faeroe Islands (dependent state)
   Hierarchy of Finland (nation) .................... Finland (nation)
   .................... First Bulgarian Empire (former nation/state/empire)
   .................... First French Empire (former group of nations/states/cities)
   Hierarchy of Flanders (former nation/state/empire) .................... Flanders (former nation/state/empire)
   Hierarchy of France (nation) .................... France (nation)
   Hierarchy of Frankish Kingdoms (historical region) .................... Frankish Kingdoms (historical region)
   .................... Friesland (general region)
   .................... Galicia (general region)
   Hierarchy of Gaul (historical region) .................... Gaul (historical region)
   .................... Gent naar Terneuzen, Kanaal van (canal)
   .................... German Democratic Republic (former nation/state/empire)
   .................... German Empire (former nation/state/empire)
   Hierarchy of Germany (nation) .................... Germany (nation)
   Hierarchy of Gibraltar (dependent state) .................... Gibraltar (dependent state)
   .................... Grand Duchy of Moscow (former nation/state/empire)
   Hierarchy of Grand Empire (former nation/state/empire) .................... Grand Empire (former nation/state/empire)
   .................... Great Saint Bernard Tunnel (tunnel)
   Hierarchy of Greece (nation) .................... Greece (nation)
   .................... Greece (former nation/state/empire)
   .................... Greece (former nation/state/empire)
   Hierarchy of Guernsey (dependent state) .................... Guernsey (dependent state)
   .................... Hainaut (general region)
   .................... Hanseatic League (former group of nations/states/cities)
   Hierarchy of Hispania (ancient region) .................... Hispania (ancient region)
   .................... Hispania Ulterior (province)
   Hierarchy of Holy See (nation) .................... Holy See (nation)
   Hierarchy of Hungary (nation) .................... Hungary (nation)
   Hierarchy of Iceland (nation) .................... Iceland (nation)
   Hierarchy of Illyria (general region) .................... Illyria (general region)
   .................... Ingria (region (geographic))
   Hierarchy of Ingushetia (republic) .................... Ingushetia (republic) [N]
   .................... Ionia (general region)
   Hierarchy of Ireland (nation) .................... Ireland (nation)
   .................... Iron Gate Reservoir (reservoir)
   Hierarchy of Isle of Man (dependent state) .................... Isle of Man (dependent state)
   Hierarchy of İstanbul (province) .................... İstanbul (province) [N]
   Hierarchy of Italy (nation) .................... Italy (nation)
   Hierarchy of Ivanovskaya Oblast’ (oblast) .................... Ivanovskaya Oblast’ (oblast) [N]
   Hierarchy of Jan Mayen (dependent state) .................... Jan Mayen (dependent state)
   Hierarchy of Jersey (dependent state) .................... Jersey (dependent state)
   Hierarchy of Kabardino-Balkariya (republic) .................... Kabardino-Balkariya (republic) [N]
   Hierarchy of Kaliningradskaya Oblast’ (oblast) .................... Kaliningradskaya Oblast’ (oblast) [N]
   Hierarchy of Kalmykiya (republic) .................... Kalmykiya (republic) [N]
   Hierarchy of Kaluzhskaya Oblast' (oblast) .................... Kaluzhskaya Oblast' (oblast) [N]
   .................... Kanaal Almelo-Nordhorn (canal)
   Hierarchy of Karachayevo-Cherkesiya (republic) .................... Karachayevo-Cherkesiya (republic) [N]
   .................... Karelia (general region)
   Hierarchy of Kareliya (republic) .................... Kareliya (republic) [N]
   Hierarchy of Khazar Empire (former nation/state/empire) .................... Khazar Empire (former nation/state/empire)
   .................... Kingdom of Sicily (former nation/state/empire)
   .................... Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (former nation/state/empire)
   Hierarchy of Kırklareli (province) .................... Kırklareli (province) [N]
   Hierarchy of Kirovskaya Oblast’ (oblast) .................... Kirovskaya Oblast’ (oblast) [N]
   .................... Klettgau (general region)
   Hierarchy of Komi (republic) .................... Komi (republic) [N]
   .................... Komi-Permyatskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug (former administrative division) [N]
   Hierarchy of Kosovo (independent nation) .................... Kosovo (independent nation)
   Hierarchy of Kostromskaya Oblast’ (oblast) .................... Kostromskaya Oblast’ (oblast) [N]
   Hierarchy of Krasnodarskiy Kray (kray) .................... Krasnodarskiy Kray (kray) [N]
   Hierarchy of Kurskaya Oblast’ (oblast) .................... Kurskaya Oblast’ (oblast) [N]
   .................... Lapland (general region)
   Hierarchy of Latvia (nation) .................... Latvia (nation)
   Hierarchy of Leningradskaya Oblast' (oblast) .................... Leningradskaya Oblast' (oblast) [N]
   .................... Levant (general region) [N]
   Hierarchy of Liechtenstein (nation) .................... Liechtenstein (nation)
   .................... Limburg (general region)
   Hierarchy of Limousin (historical region) .................... Limousin (historical region)
   Hierarchy of Lipetskaya Oblast' (oblast) .................... Lipetskaya Oblast' (oblast) [N]
   Hierarchy of Lithuania (nation) .................... Lithuania (nation)
   .................... Livonia (general region)
   Hierarchy of Lorraine (historical region) .................... Lorraine (historical region)
   Hierarchy of <lost & found/Europe> (miscellaneous) .................... <lost & found/Europe> (miscellaneous)
   Hierarchy of Low Countries (general region) .................... Low Countries (general region)
   .................... Lower Rhine (historical region)
   .................... Lower Trajan's Wall (historic site)
   Hierarchy of Luxembourg (nation) .................... Luxembourg (nation)
   .................... Luxembourg (general region)
   .................... Macedonia (former nation/state/empire)
   Hierarchy of Malta (nation) .................... Malta (nation)
   .................... Malta Channel (canal)
   Hierarchy of Mariy-El (republic) .................... Mariy-El (republic) [N]
   .................... Merovingian Kingdom (historical region)
   Hierarchy of Moesia (province) .................... Moesia (province)
   .................... Moldavia (general region)
   Hierarchy of Moldova (nation) .................... Moldova (nation)
   Hierarchy of Monaco (nation) .................... Monaco (nation)
   .................... Mont Blanc Tunnel (tunnel)
   .................... Mont Cenis, Tunnel du (tunnel)
   Hierarchy of Montenegro (nation) .................... Montenegro (nation)
   Hierarchy of Mordoviya (republic) .................... Mordoviya (republic) [N]
   .................... Mosan (general region)
   Hierarchy of Moskovskaya Oblast' (oblast) .................... Moskovskaya Oblast' (oblast) [N]
   Hierarchy of Murmanskaya Oblast’ (oblast) .................... Murmanskaya Oblast’ (oblast) [N]
   .................... Muskauer Park (park)
   .................... Narvskoye Vodokhranilishche (reservoir)
   .................... Navarre (general region)
   Hierarchy of Nenets (autonomous district) .................... Nenets (autonomous district) [N]
   Hierarchy of Netherlands (nation) .................... Netherlands (nation)
   Hierarchy of Nizhegorodskaya Oblast’ (oblast) .................... Nizhegorodskaya Oblast’ (oblast) [N]
   Hierarchy of Northern Europe (general region) .................... Northern Europe (general region)
   Hierarchy of North Macedonia (nation) .................... North Macedonia (nation)
   Hierarchy of North Ossetia (republic) .................... North Ossetia (republic) [N]
   .................... North Sea Empire (former nation/state/empire)
   .................... Northwestern Europe (general region)
   Hierarchy of Norway (nation) .................... Norway (nation)
   Hierarchy of Novgorodskaya Oblast' (oblast) .................... Novgorodskaya Oblast' (oblast) [N]
   .................... Novi Pazar, Sanjak of (former administrative division)
   .................... Odyrsae (former nation/state/empire)
   .................... Old Swiss Confederacy (former group of nations/states/cities)
   Hierarchy of Orel (oblast) .................... Orel (oblast) [N]
   Hierarchy of Orenburgskaya Oblast' (oblast) .................... Orenburgskaya Oblast' (oblast) [N]
   .................... Ostland (occupied territory)
   .................... Ostrogothic Kingdom (former nation/state/empire)
   Hierarchy of Pannonia (general region) .................... Pannonia (general region)
   Hierarchy of Penzenskaya Oblast' (oblast) .................... Penzenskaya Oblast' (oblast) [N]
   .................... Permskaya Oblast' (former administrative division) [N]
   Hierarchy of Poland (nation) .................... Poland (nation)
   .................... Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (former nation/state/empire)
   .................... Pomerania (general region)
   Hierarchy of Portugal (nation) .................... Portugal (nation)
   .................... Prussia (former nation/state/empire)
   Hierarchy of Pskovskaya Oblast’ (oblast) .................... Pskovskaya Oblast’ (oblast) [N]
   .................... Rabnitz (canal)
   Hierarchy of Romania (nation) .................... Romania (nation)
   Hierarchy of Rostovskaya Oblast’ (oblast) .................... Rostovskaya Oblast’ (oblast) [N]
   Hierarchy of Ryazanskaya Oblast’ (oblast) .................... Ryazanskaya Oblast’ (oblast) [N]
   .................... Saimaan Kanava (canal)
   Hierarchy of Saint Petersburg (autonomous city) .................... Saint Petersburg (autonomous city) [N]
   Hierarchy of Samarskaya Oblast’ (oblast) .................... Samarskaya Oblast’ (oblast) [N]
   Hierarchy of San Marino (nation) .................... San Marino (nation)
   Hierarchy of Saratovskaya Oblast' (oblast) .................... Saratovskaya Oblast' (oblast) [N]
   .................... Sarmatia (general region)
   Hierarchy of Savoy (historical region) .................... Savoy (historical region)
   .................... Scandinavia (general region)
   .................... Scythia (historical region) [N]
   .................... Second Bulgarian Empire (former nation/state/empire)
   .................... Second Empire (former group of nations/states/cities)
   .................... Septimania (historical region)
   Hierarchy of Serbia (nation) .................... Serbia (nation)
   .................... Serbia and Montenegro (former nation/state/empire)
   .................... Serbian Empire (former nation/state/empire)
   Hierarchy of Silesia (historical region) .................... Silesia (historical region)
   .................... Simplon Tunnel (tunnel)
   Hierarchy of Slovakia (nation) .................... Slovakia (nation)
   Hierarchy of Slovenia (nation) .................... Slovenia (nation)
   Hierarchy of Smolenskaya Oblast’ (oblast) .................... Smolenskaya Oblast’ (oblast) [N]
   .................... Southeastern Europe (general region)
   .................... Southern Europe (general region)
   .................... Southern Netherlands (historical region)
   .................... South Flanders (historical region)
   Hierarchy of Soviet Union (former nation/state/empire) .................... Soviet Union (former nation/state/empire) [N]
   Hierarchy of Spain (nation) .................... Spain (nation)
   .................... Spanish Netherlands (historical region)
   .................... Stânca-Costești, Lacul (reservoir)
   Hierarchy of Stavropol’skiy Kray (kray) .................... Stavropol’skiy Kray (kray) [N]
   Hierarchy of Svalbard (dependent state) .................... Svalbard (dependent state)
   Hierarchy of Svalbard and Jan Mayen (general region) .................... Svalbard and Jan Mayen (general region)
   Hierarchy of Sweden (nation) .................... Sweden (nation)
   .................... Swedish Empire (former nation/state/empire)
   Hierarchy of Switzerland (nation) .................... Switzerland (nation)
   Hierarchy of Tambovskaya Oblast' (oblast) .................... Tambovskaya Oblast' (oblast) [N]
   Hierarchy of Tatarstan (republic) .................... Tatarstan (republic) [N]
   Hierarchy of Tekirdağ (province) .................... Tekirdağ (province) [N]
   .................... Tende, Tunnel de (tunnel)
   .................... Teschen (general region)
   Hierarchy of Thrace (historical region) .................... Thrace (historical region)
   .................... Thule (lost area)
   Hierarchy of Thuringia (historical region) .................... Thuringia (historical region)
   Hierarchy of Transpadane Republic (historical region) .................... Transpadane Republic (historical region)
   .................... Tsardom of Russia (former nation/state/empire)
   Hierarchy of Tul’skaya Oblast’ (oblast) .................... Tul’skaya Oblast’ (oblast) [N]
   Hierarchy of Tverskaya Oblast' (oblast) .................... Tverskaya Oblast' (oblast) [N]
   Hierarchy of Udmurtiya (republic) .................... Udmurtiya (republic) [N]
   Hierarchy of Ukraine (nation) .................... Ukraine (nation)
   .................... Uladh, Cúige (general region)
   .................... Ulster Canal (canal)
   Hierarchy of Ul’yanovskaya Oblast’ (oblast) .................... Ul’yanovskaya Oblast’ (oblast) [N]
   Hierarchy of United Kingdom (nation) .................... United Kingdom (nation)
   .................... Upper Rhine (historical region)
   .................... Via Belgica (route)
   Hierarchy of Vladimirskaya Oblast' (oblast) .................... Vladimirskaya Oblast' (oblast) [N]
   Hierarchy of Volgogradskaya Oblast’ (oblast) .................... Volgogradskaya Oblast’ (oblast) [N]
   Hierarchy of Vologodskaya Oblast' (oblast) .................... Vologodskaya Oblast' (oblast) [N]
   Hierarchy of Voronezhskaya Oblast' (oblast) .................... Voronezhskaya Oblast' (oblast) [N]
   .................... Weimar Republic (former nation/state/empire)
   .................... Western Europe (general region)
   .................... West Germany (former nation/state/empire)
   .................... Westhoek (general region)
   Hierarchy of Yaroslavskaya Oblast' (oblast) .................... Yaroslavskaya Oblast' (oblast) [N]
   .................... Yugoslavia (former nation/state/empire)
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