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Florence (inhabited place) |
Coordinates: |
| Lat: 43 46 00 N degrees minutes |
Lat: 43.7667 decimal degrees |
| Long: 011 15 00 E degrees minutes |
Long: 11.2500 decimal degrees |
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Note: Etruscan settlment was nearby at Fiesole. The original settlement at the site of modern Florence was established by Julius Caesar in 59 BCE as a settlement for his veteran soldiers; originally called "Fluentia," at the head of navigation on the Arno river and on the Casian Way. It escaped capture by the Goths in the 5th century, and by the 12th century was a thriving center. It was torn apart in Medieval times by the violent Guelph/Ghibelline rivalry: a series of wars was fought from the mid-13th century through the early 14th century between Guelf-controlled Florence and its allies (Montepulciano, Bologna, and Orvieto) and its Ghibelline opponents (Pisa, Siena, Pistoia, and Arezzo). Florence came under the ostensible (later actual) rule of the Medici family from 1434; historic core named UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982. |
Names: |
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| Firenze (preferred,C,V,Italian-P,U,N)
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| Florence (C,O,LC,English-P,U,N)
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| Florence (French-P,U,N)
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| Florencia (C,O,Spanish-P,U,N)
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| Florenz (C,O,German-P,U,N)
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| Florentine (C,O,English,U,A)
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| Fl.nta (LU,V)
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| פירנצה (C,U,Hebrew )
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| Fiorenza (H,V,Medieval Latin,U,N)
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............ | Medieval spelling |
| Florentia (H,V,Latin,U,N)
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............ | name of the Roman colony on North bank of the Arno |
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Hierarchical Position: |
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............ |
Tuscany (region (administrative division)) (P,C) part of new kingdom of Italy from 1861 |
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.................... |
Florence (inhabited place) (P) |
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Additional Parents: |
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........ |
Italia (province) (P,H) from 272 BCE |
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Place Types: |
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| inhabited place (preferred, C) |
............ |
site of ancient settlement, later founded as colony by Romans in 1st century BCE, at foot of Etruscan hill town Fiesole |
| city (C) |
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| regional capital (C) |
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| provincial capital (C) |
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| commune (administrative) (C) |
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| river settlement (C) |
............ |
developed on both sides of the Arno river, is subject to periodic flooding; most bridges were destroyed in WW II |
| tourist center (C) |
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| archiepiscopal see (C) |
............ |
bishops were established here early; today is famed for huge cathedral, baptistry and for numerous other churches |
| industrial center (C) |
............ |
factories located in suburbs produce precision instruments and other items |
| cultural center (C) |
............ |
noted as great center of art and literature since Middle Ages, especially flourished 14th-16th centuries |
| transportation center (C) |
............ |
for road and river traffic since Roman times, now is also a major hub for rail traffic |
| craftsman settlement (C) |
............ |
famed for traditional products, including textiles, glass, ceramics, metal wares, leatherwork, art reproductions & furniture |
| educational center (C) |
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| financial center (C) |
............ |
Florentines were leading bankers in Europe by 15th cen. |
| World Heritage Site (C) |
............ |
from 1982 |
| municipium (H) |
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| capital (H) |
............ |
of duchy of Tuscany |
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Related geographic places: |
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| ally of .... |
Bologna .......... (inhabited place) |
| ............ |
(World, Europe, Italy, Emilia-Romagna, Bologna province) [7004847] |
| ............ |
Guelf allies during the 13th and 14th centuries |
| ally of .... |
Montepulciano .......... (inhabited place) |
| ............ |
(World, Europe, Italy, Tuscany, Siena province) [7006345] |
| ............ |
Guelf allies during the 13th and 14th centuries |
| ally of .... |
Orvieto .......... (inhabited place) |
| ............ |
(World, Europe, Italy, Umbria, Terni province) [7005124] |
| ............ |
Guelf allies during the 13th and 14th centuries |
| located on .... |
Via Cassia .......... (road) |
| .................. |
(World, Europe, Italy) [6006326] |
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Sources and Contributors: |
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