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Mainz (inhabited place) |
Coordinates: |
| Lat: 50 00 00 N degrees minutes |
Lat: 50.0000 decimal degrees |
| Long: 008 16 16 E degrees minutes |
Long: 8.2711 decimal degrees |
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Note: The city of Mainz, the capitol of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, is located on the Rhine river at the mouth of the Main river, some 20 miles west southwest of Frankfurt am Main. Originally a Celtic settlement, a Roman military camp was founded here by the Roman general Drusus 14-9 BCE. It became self-governing from 1118 to 1462, when a rebellion caused it to lose its free city privileges, and the leader of the league of Rhenish towns from 1254. It was a French possession from 1797 to 1815, and occupied by the French army from 1918 to 1930. It was almost totally destroyed in World War II, but has been rebuilt. Surviving historic architecture includes an 11th-century Romanesque cathedral, a 17th-century elector's palace, and a 19th-century German fortress built on the site of the old Roman military post. Mainz had a university from 1477 to 1816, but a new one, the Johannes Gutenberg University, it in 1946, honoring its native son who invented movable type here. The city is an educational center, with the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, the Institute for Economic Research, and the Academy of Sciences and Literature. There are many museums of art, history, and natural history, the Gutenberg Museum among them. The city's economic activities include the wine trade for the Rhineland, the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and other chemicals, machinery, glassware, and musical instruments. It is known for its wine and pre-Lenten festivals. The 2005 population was calculated at 187,940. |
Names: |
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| Mainz (preferred,C,V,English-P,U,N)
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| Mainz (German,U,N)
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| Mainz am Rhein (C,V)
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| Mayence (C,V)
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| מיינץ (C,U,Hebrew )
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| Maguntiacum (H,V)
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| Mogontiacum (H,V)
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............ | ancient |
| Moguntiacum (H,V)
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............ | Roman name, referring to Celtic god Mogo |
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Hierarchical Position: |
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Mainz (inhabited place) (P) |
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Additional Parents: |
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Mainz (inhabited place) (P,H) |
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Place Types: |
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| inhabited place (preferred, C) |
............ |
was an ancient Celtic settlement, then was a Roman military camp 14 BCE-ca. 451 CE, a new town arose on site in 6th century |
| city (C) |
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| state capital (C) |
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| district capital (C) |
............ |
of Rheinhessen from 1816 |
| commercial center (C) |
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| manufacturing center (C) |
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| university center (C) |
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1477-1816, regained status in 1946 |
| cultural center (C) |
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noted as home of J Gutenberg and his invention of printing in ca. 1440, today noted for museums and learned societies |
| archiepiscopal see (H) |
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established in 775 with St. Boniface as first German archbishop, later archbishops were powerful princes of Holy Roman Empire |
| capital (H) |
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of Germania Superior under Romans, until ca. 451 CE |
| provincial capital (H) |
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| religious center (H) |
............ |
had one of the oldest Jewish settlements in Germany |
| regional capital (C) |
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Sources and Contributors: |
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| Subject: ..... |
[BHA, GRLPSC, IMJ, VP] |
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ARLIS/NA: Ancient Site Names (1995) |
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Canby, Historic Places (1984) I, 553 |
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Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer (1961) |
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Encyclopaedia Britannica (1988) VII, 711 |
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Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-2014) accessed 28 June 2004 |
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Gollwitzer, Post Bultmann Locutum (1965) |
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GRI Photo Archive, Authority File (1998) 12957 |
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Israel Museum Jerusalem contribution (n.d.) |
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LC Name Authority Headings. [online] (2002-) Mainz (Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany) NAF79091241 (6 Jan. 2005) |
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Müllers Deutsches Ortsbuch (1988) |
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NGA/NIMA database (2003-) -1822614 |
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NIMA, GEOnet Names Server (1996-1998) |
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Times Atlas of the World (1992) 119 |
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USBGN: Foreign Gazetteers |
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Webster's Geographical Dictionary (1988) 712 |
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