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Varna (inhabited place) |
Coordinates: |
| Lat: 43 12 00 N degrees minutes |
Lat: 43.2000 decimal degrees |
| Long: 027 57 00 E degrees minutes |
Long: 27.9500 decimal degrees |
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Note: Varna is the third-largest city in Bulgaria, situated on the Black Sea coast. It was founded by Milesian Greeks in 580 BCE, and became successively Thracian, Macedonian, and then Roman. It was part of the First Bulgarian Empire from ca. 679 to 1018. In the 13th century, under the khan Ivan Asen II, it became a major trade center. It was an Ottoman possession from 1391 to the liberation of Bulgaria from the Turks in 1878. Following the establishment of railway routes to Ruse and to Sofiya in the late 19th century, the town developed into a true city. In 1906 a modern harbor was created. The harbor made Varna one of Bulgaria's primary seaports, through which large quantities of Bulgaria's exports travel. There are important manufacturing, flour milling, and ship building industries. The city is also an educational and cultural center, having several museums and educational institutions, a theater, an opera house, an oceanographic institute, and a medical school. Its historic structure include the fourth century CE Aladzha Monastery, the chapel and cells of which are carved out of the living rock, and 5th- and 6th-century basilica built by a short-lived Genoese colony. The 2003 estimated population was 312,300. |
Names: |
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| Varna (preferred,C,V,English-P,U,N)
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............ | named in 7th century |
| Varna (Bulgarian-P,U,N)
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| Warna (C,V,Bulgarian,U,N)
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| ורנה (C,U,Hebrew )
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| Odessos (H,V,Greek (transliterated),U,N)
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| Odessus (H,V,Greek (transliterated),U,N)
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............ | Greek |
| Stalin (H,V,Russian (transliterated),U,N)
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............ | used 1949-1957 |
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Hierarchical Position: |
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Varna (province) (P) |
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Varna (inhabited place) (P) |
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Place Types: |
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| inhabited place (preferred, C) |
............ |
founded in 580 BCE |
| city (C) |
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| provincial capital (C) |
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| port (C) |
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| commercial center (C) |
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| cultural center (C) |
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| resort center (C) |
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Sources and Contributors: |
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