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gum karaya (gum (material), organic material, ... Materials (hierarchy name)) |
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Note: Gummy exudate from various species of the genus Sterculia, notably from S. urens, a tree native to central and northern India. It occurs as tears of variable size and of a somewhat crystalline appearance, translucent, pale yellow, with a slightly acetic odor and a mucilaginous, slightly acetic taste. The gum is insoluble in alcohol, but swells in water to form a gel; it forms an extremely strong adhesive with small amounts of water. It is used as a dye thickener, textile coating, emulsifier, paper fiber binder, a base in marbling paper, medical adhesive, a denture adhesive, a thickener and emulsifier in foods, and as a laxative. It is also used to adulterate gum tragacanth due to their similar physical characteristics. Gum karaya has been available commercially only since 1920.
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| Terms: |
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| gum karaya (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,N)
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| gum karaya (Dutch-P,D,U,U)
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| karaya gum (C,U,English,UF,U,U)
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| gum hog (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| karaya, gum (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| 卡拉亞膠 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
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| 刺梧桐樹膠 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| 豬膠 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| 刺梧桐膠 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| 加拉亞膠 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| 卡拉膠 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| 蘋婆樹膠 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| kǎ lā yǎ jiāo (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
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| ka la ya jiao (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
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| k'a la ya chiao (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
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| gomme de karaya (C,U,French-P,D,U,N)
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| goma Karya (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,U)
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Facet/Hierarchy Code: M.MT |
Hierarchical Position:
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Materials Facet |
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.... Materials (hierarchy name) (G) |
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........ materials (substances) (G) |
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............ <materials by composition> (G) |
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................ organic material (G) |
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.................... gum (material) (G) |
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........................ gum karaya (G) |
Additional Notes: |
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| Chinese (traditional) ..... 來自蘋婆屬各物種的樹膠分泌物，尤以來自刺激蘋婆（原生於印度中部與北部的喬木物種）者最為著名。呈大小不一的淚滴形，外觀稍具結晶狀，半透明、淡黃色、微帶酸味、具黏性，嚐起來為略酸的黏液。該樹膠不溶於酒精，在水中會膨脹形成凝膠，與少量水混合即可形成黏性極強的膠黏劑。用作為染料增稠劑、織物塗層、乳化劑、紙纖維黏結劑、大理石紋紙的基底、醫療膠黏劑、牙科膠黏劑、食物增稠與黏合劑，以及作為瀉藥；也可摻雜在黃耆膠中，因二者之物理特性很相似。刺梧桐膠自1920年以後才大量生產於市面上販售。 |
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Related concepts: |
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| derived/made from .... |
Sterculia urens (species) |
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(Sterculia (genus), Malvaceae (family), ... Living Organisms (hierarchy name)) [300375540] |
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