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ID: 300404203
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300404203

 

Record Type: concept
black earth (pigment) (black pigment, <pigment by color>, ... Materials (hierarchy name))

 

Note: A class of pigments where a variety of both inorganic and organic compounds may be present. Historically, comparatively little is known about which materials were used as black pigments, and in treatises on painting technique, the terms black earth, black chalk and black stone were used interchangeably, whether discussing black pigments or drawing materials. In current technical literature, black earth is generally assumed to be a black shale or chalk, but other bituminous materials and minerals have been identified.
 
Terms:
black earth (pigment) (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,B)
black earths (pigments) (C,U,English,AD,U,PN)
earth, black (C,U,English,UF,U,U)
zwarte aarde (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,U)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  M.MT

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Materials Facet
Materials Facet
Hierarchy of Materials (hierarchy name)
.... Materials (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of materials (substances)
........ materials (substances) (G)
Hierarchy of <materials by function>
............ <materials by function> (G)
Hierarchy of colorant (material)
................ colorant (material) (G)
Hierarchy of pigments
.................... pigments (G)
Hierarchy of <pigment by color>
........................ <pigment by color> (G)
Hierarchy of black pigment
............................ black pigment (G)
Hierarchy of black earth (pigment)
................................ black earth (pigment) (G)

Additional Parents:

Hierarchy of Materials Facet
Materials Facet
Hierarchy of Materials (hierarchy name)
.... Materials (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of materials (substances)
........ materials (substances) (G)
Hierarchy of <materials by function>
............ <materials by function> (G)
Hierarchy of colorant (material)
................ colorant (material) (G)
Hierarchy of pigments
.................... pigments (G)
Hierarchy of <pigment by composition or origin>
........................ <pigment by composition or origin> (G)
Hierarchy of inorganic pigment
............................ inorganic pigment (G)
Hierarchy of natural inorganic pigment
................................ natural inorganic pigment (G)
Hierarchy of earth color (pigment)
.................................... earth color (pigment) (G)
Hierarchy of black earth (pigment)
........................................ black earth (pigment) (G)

Additional Notes:
Dutch ..... Een klasse pigmenten waarin zowel anorganische als organische verbindingen kunnen voorkomen. Historisch gezien is er relatief weinig bekend over welke materialen er werden gebruikt als zwarte pigmenten, en in verhandelingen over schildertechniek werden de termen 'zwarte aarde', 'zwart krijt' en 'zwarte steen' door elkaar gebruikt, zowel met betrekking tot zwarte pigmenten als met betrekking tot tekenmateriaal. In de moderne technische literatuur wordt onder zwarte aarde meestal zwarte schalie of krijt verstaan, maar er worden ook andere bitumineuze materialen en mineralen als zodanig aangeduid. 

Sources and Contributors:
black earth (pigment)............  [VP Preferred]
......................................  AATA database (2002-) 130225
......................................  Cavallo and Gianoli Barioni, Black Earths from Veneto and Piedmont, Heritage Science (2015)
......................................  Spring, et al., Black Earths: A Study of Unusual Black and Dark Grey Pigments, National Gallery Technical Bulletin (2003)
black earths (pigments)............  [VP]
.........................................  Cavallo and Gianoli Barioni, Black Earths from Veneto and Piedmont, Heritage Science (2015)
.........................................  Spring, et al., Black Earths: A Study of Unusual Black and Dark Grey Pigments, National Gallery Technical Bulletin (2003)
earth, black............  [VP]
.......................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules
zwarte aarde............  [RKD, AAT-Ned Preferred]
.......................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......................  UvA Talen
 
Subject: .....  [VP]
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... Cavallo and Gianoli Barioni, Black Earths from Veneto and Piedmont, Heritage Science (2015)
.......... Spring, et al., Black Earths: A Study of Unusual Black and Dark Grey Pigments, National Gallery Technical Bulletin (2003)
Dutch .......... [RKD, AAT-Ned]
.......... AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......... UvA Talen

 

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