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ID: 300013587
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300013587

 

Record Type: concept
carmine (lake) (<colorant for dye and pigment>, colorant (material), ... Materials (hierarchy name))

 

Note: A generic name for two closely related organic red lakes that are obtained from scale insects, cochineal and kermes. Neither pigment is permanent enough for use in fine art because they discolor in sunlight. They were replaced first by madder and alizarin, then later by synthetic organic red colors.
 
Terms:
carmine (lake) (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,N)
carmine lake (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
carmin (lake) (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
Karmesin lake (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
new red lake (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
Kugel lake (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
Parisian lake (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
Munich lake (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
Venetian lake (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
karmozijnrood (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,U)
lacque carminée (C,U,French-P,D,U,N)
Karminlack (C,U,German-P,D,U,N)
Karmin (Lack) (C,U,German,UF,U,N)
carmín (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,U)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  M.MT

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Materials Facet
Materials Facet
Hierarchy of Materials (hierarchy name)
.... Materials (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of materials (substances)
........ materials (substances) (G)
Hierarchy of <materials by function>
............ <materials by function> (G)
Hierarchy of colorant (material)
................ colorant (material) (G)
Hierarchy of <colorant for dye and pigment>
.................... <colorant for dye and pigment> (G)
Hierarchy of carmine (lake)
........................ carmine (lake) (G)

Additional Parents:

Hierarchy of Materials Facet
Materials Facet
Hierarchy of Materials (hierarchy name)
.... Materials (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of materials (substances)
........ materials (substances) (G)
Hierarchy of <materials by function>
............ <materials by function> (G)
Hierarchy of colorant (material)
................ colorant (material) (G)
Hierarchy of pigments
.................... pigments (G)
Hierarchy of <pigment by production method>
........................ <pigment by production method> (G)
Hierarchy of lake (pigment)
............................ lake (pigment) (G)
Hierarchy of carmine (lake)
................................ carmine (lake) (G)

Additional Notes:
Dutch ..... Een rode, natuurlijke organische verfstof, die ook wordt gebruikt als substraatpigment, en hoofdzakelijk wordt verkregen uit twee soorten schildluis, cochenille en kermes. 
Spanish ..... Colorante orgánico natural rojo, utilizado también como pigmento de laca. Preparado fundamentalmente a partir de dos especies de insectos coco, la cochinilla y el quermes.  

Related concepts:
composed of ....  cochineal (colorant)
....................  (<colorant for dye and pigment>, colorant (material), ... Materials (hierarchy name)) [300013597]
composed of ....  kermes (colorant)
....................  (<colorant for dye and pigment>, colorant (material), ... Materials (hierarchy name)) [300013085]

Sources and Contributors:
carmin (lake)............  [VP]
..........................  Wehlte, Materials and Techniques of Painting (1982) 110
carmín............  [CDBP-SNPC Preferred]
.................  Diccionario de Química y de productos químicos (1993) 1097
carmine (lake)............  [GCI Preferred, VP Preferred]
.............................  AATA database (2002-) 121535 checked 26 January 2012
.............................  Feller, Artists' Pigments (1986) 255
.............................  Gettens and Stout, Painting Materials (1966) 110
.............................  Harley, Artists' Pigments c.1600-1835 (1982) 135
.............................  Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969) 61
.............................  Personal Communication Elisabeth West Fitzhugh, Conservation scientist, ret., December 1991.
.............................  Wehlte, Materials and Techniques of Painting (1982) 110
carmine lake............  [VP]
.......................  Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969) 99
.......................  MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
Karmesin lake............  [VP]
..........................  Feller, Artists' Pigments (1986) 258
Karmin (Lack)............  [VP]
..........................  Wehlte, Materials and Techniques of Painting (1982) 110
Karminlack............  [VP]
.......................  Wehlte, Materials and Techniques of Painting (1982) 110
karmozijnrood............  [RKD, AAT-Ned Preferred]
..........................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
..........................  Van Dale Engels-Nederlands (1989)
Kugel lake............  [VP]
.......................  Feller, Artists' Pigments (1986) Vol. 2
lacque carminée............  [VP]
.............................  Wehlte, Materials and Techniques of Painting (1982) 110
Munich lake............  [VP]
.......................  Feller, Artists' Pigments (1986) 255
.......................  Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969) 61
new red lake............  [VP]
.......................  Feller, Artists' Pigments (1986) 256
Parisian lake............  [VP]
..........................  Feller, Artists' Pigments (1986) Vol. 2
Venetian lake............  [VP]
..........................  Feller, Artists' Pigments (1986) 258
 
Subject: .....  [CDBP-SNPC, GCI, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP]
............  AATA database (2002-) 121535 checked 26 January 2012
............  Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969) 61; Nacarat carmine
............  Van Dale Engels-Nederlands (1989)
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
Dutch .......... [RKD, AAT-Ned]
.......... AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......... Van Dale Engels-Nederlands (1989)
Spanish .......... [CDBP-SNPC]
.......... TAA database (2000-)

 

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