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ID: 300018550
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300018550

 

Record Type: concept
Heian (Early Historical Japanese, Japanese (culture or style), ... Styles and Periods (hierarchy name))

 

Note: Refers to the Japanese period and style that developed from 794 CE to 1185 CE, coinciding with the move of the capital to Heian (now Kyoto) and the rise of Tantric Buddhism imported from China. The style is characterized by the prominence of mandalas in imagery and the introduction of new types of figures, such as buddhas wearing a crown and jewels, and multiple-limbed deities with fierce expressions to indicate supernatural powers. The architecture of the period is characterized by large mansions built on a rectangular plot of land, consisting of pavilions and halls connected by roofed corridors and surrounded by earthen walls.
 
Terms:
Heian (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,A)  ............ 794-1185 CE
Heian (Spanish-P,D,U,U)
Heian (Dutch-P,D,U,U)
平安時代 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
平安 (日本歷史時代) (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
píng ān shí dài (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
ping an shi dai (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
p'ing an shih tai (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  F.FL

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Styles and Periods Facet
Styles and Periods Facet
Hierarchy of Styles and Periods (hierarchy name)
.... Styles and Periods (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of <styles, periods, and cultures by region>
........ <styles, periods, and cultures by region> (G)
Hierarchy of Asian
............ Asian (G)
Hierarchy of East Asian
................ East Asian (G)
Hierarchy of Japanese (culture or style)
.................... Japanese (culture or style) (G)
Hierarchy of Early Historical Japanese
........................ Early Historical Japanese (G)
Hierarchy of Heian
............................ Heian (G)

Additional Parents:

Hierarchy of Styles and Periods Facet
Styles and Periods Facet
Hierarchy of Styles and Periods (hierarchy name)
.... Styles and Periods (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of <styles, periods, and cultures by region>
........ <styles, periods, and cultures by region> (G)
Hierarchy of Asian
............ Asian (G)
Hierarchy of East Asian
................ East Asian (G)
Hierarchy of Japanese (culture or style)
.................... Japanese (culture or style) (G)
Hierarchy of Japanese styles (styles)
........................ Japanese styles (styles) (G)
Hierarchy of Japanese architecture styles
............................ Japanese architecture styles (G)
Hierarchy of Gongen
................................ Gongen (G)
Hierarchy of Heian
.................................... Heian (G)

Additional Notes:
Chinese (traditional) ..... 指西元794年至1185年發展的日本時代與風格。此時首都遷至平安(現今的京都),中國傳入的密宗崛起。其風格特色有深具意象的曼陀羅以及引進新的雕像風格,例如穿戴皇冠與珠寶的佛陀,以及多手神像,神情兇,以示其無邊法力。建築特色為建在矩形土地上的大宅邸,設有亭子和走廊,走廊上有屋頂且四周環繞土牆。  
Dutch ..... Verwijst naar de Japanse stijl en periode die zich ontwikkelde van 794 tot 1185 n. Chr. en samenviel met de verplaatsing van de hoofdstad naar Heian (het tegenwoordige Kyoto) en de opkomst van het tantristisch boeddhisme, afkomstig uit China. De stijl wordt gekenmerkt door de nadruk op mandala’s in beelden en de komst van nieuwe figuurtypen, zoals boeddha’s met een kroon en sieraden, en godheden met meerdere ledematen en woeste gezichtsuitdrukkingen om bovennatuurlijke krachten aan te geven. De architectuur uit deze periode wordt gekenmerkt door grote woonhuizen gebouwd op rechthoekige stukken land. Deze huizen bestaan uit paviljoens en zalen, verbonden met overdekte gangen en omheind met aarden muren. 
Spanish ..... Refíerese al período y al estilo japoneses que se convirtieron a partir de los años 1185 al 794 d.C, coincidiendo con el movimiento de la capital a Heian (ahora Kyoto) y la subida de Buddhism de Tantric importada de China. El estilo es caracterizado por la prominencia de mandalas en imágenes y la introducción de nuevos tipos de figuras, tales como budas que usan una corona y joyas, con expresiones feroces para indicar energías supernatural. La arquitectura del período es caracterizada por las mansiones grandes construidas en un diagrama rectangular de la tierra, de los pabellones que consisten en los pasillos cubiertos y conectados, como tambien rodeados por las paredes de tierra. 

Sources and Contributors:
平安時代............  [AS-Academia Sinica Preferred]
...........  和英對照日本美術用語辭典 570
...........  大英百科全書線上繁體中文版 March 1, 2012
...........  智慧藏百科全書網 March 1, 2012
平安 (日本歷史時代)............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.......................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
Heian............  [CDBP-SNPC Preferred, GCI Preferred, RKD, AAT-Ned Preferred, VP Preferred]
..............  AAT-Ned (1994-)
..............  AATA database (2002-) 124590 checked 26 January 2012
..............  Auboyer et al., Oriental Art (1980) 527
..............  Avery Index (1963-)
..............  Grove Art Online (2003-2008) accessed 7 January 2007
..............  Lee, History of Far Eastern Art (1982) 13
..............  Stanley-Baker, Arte Japonés (2000) 59
..............  Winkler Prins Encyclopedie (1990)
ping an shi dai............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.............................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
píng ān shí dài............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.............................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
p'ing an shih tai............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
................................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
 
Subject: .....  [AS-Academia Sinica, CDBP-SNPC, GCI, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP]
............  AATA database (2002-) 124590 checked 26 January 2012
............  CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-) Japan-History--Heian period
............  Grove Art Online (2003-2008)
............  Winkler Prins Encyclopedie (1990)
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... Lee, History of Far Eastern Art (1982)
Chinese (traditional) .......... [AS-Academia Sinica]
.......... AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
Dutch .......... [RKD, AAT-Ned]
.......... AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......... Winkler Prins Encyclopedie (1990)
Spanish .......... [CDBP-SNPC]
.......... TAA database (2000-)

 

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