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ID: 300011632
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300011632

 

Record Type: concept
pietra nefritica (serpentinite, metamorphic rock, ... Materials (hierarchy name))

 

Note: An extremely heavy sepentinite having the form of a flattened sphere, its name deriving from the Greek word for kidney. The rocks were used by the ancient Romans as standard weights and were also supposedly tied around the necks of condemned Christians before they were drowned, explaining why it is sometimes referred to as martyr's stone. It is most commonly jet black with small specks of gray and a metallic texture.
 
Terms:
pietra nefritica (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,N)
lapis aequipondus (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
martyr's stone (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
腎石 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
腎形蛇紋岩 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
shèn shí (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
shen shi (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
shen shih (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
nefrietsteen (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,U)
piedra nefrítica (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,U)
piedrezuela (C,U,Spanish,AD,U,U)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  M.MT

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Materials Facet
Materials Facet
Hierarchy of Materials (hierarchy name)
.... Materials (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of materials (substances)
........ materials (substances) (G)
Hierarchy of <materials by composition>
............ <materials by composition> (G)
Hierarchy of inorganic material
................ inorganic material (G)
Hierarchy of rock (inorganic material)
.................... rock (inorganic material) (G)
Hierarchy of metamorphic rock
........................ metamorphic rock (G)
Hierarchy of serpentinite
............................ serpentinite (G)
Hierarchy of pietra nefritica
................................ pietra nefritica (G)

Additional Notes:
Chinese (traditional) ..... 一種極重的蛇紋岩,呈扁圓球形,其名稱來自希臘文中的「腎臟」。這類岩石常被古羅馬人用作標準重量單位,亦是對犯罪的基督徒處以溺刑時,綁在頸項上的石頭,也因此有時被稱爲「殉教者之石」。此種岩石多為深黑色,帶有灰色斑點及金屬般的紋理。 
Dutch ..... Een zeer zware serpentijnsoort in de vorm van een afgeplatte bol. De naam is afgeleid van het Griekse woord voor nier. De stenen werden door de oude Romeinen gebruikt als standaardgewichten en werden waarschijnlijk ook om de nek van veroordeelde Christenen gebonden voordat deze de verdrinkingsdood stierven. Hierdoor wordt de steen soms ook martelaarsteen genoemd. Nefrietsteen is meestal gitzwart met kleine grijze spikkels en een metaaltextuur. 
Spanish ..... Serpentina extremadamente pesada en forma de esfera aplastada: su nombre se deriva de la palabra griega para riñón. Las piedras fueron utilizadas por los antiguos Romanos como pesos standard y se dice que eran atadas en torno al cuello de los Cristianos condenados antes de ser ahogados, por lo cual a veces se le llama piedra de los mártires. Es normalmente de color negro profundo con pequeñas manchas de gris y una textura metálica.  

Sources and Contributors:
腎石............  [AS-Academia Sinica Preferred]
...........  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
腎形蛇紋岩............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
..............  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
lapis aequipondus............  [VP]
................................  Pullen, Handbook of Ancient Roman Marbles (1894) 127
martyr's stone............  [VP]
.............................  Pullen, Handbook of Ancient Roman Marbles (1894) 31
nefrietsteen............  [RKD, AAT-Ned Preferred]
.......................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......................  Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)
piedra nefrítica............  [CDBP-SNPC Preferred]
.............................  Diccionario de la Lengua Española (1992)
piedrezuela............  [CDBP-SNPC]
.......................  Diccionario de la Lengua Española (1992)
pietra nefritica............  [VP Preferred]
.............................  Pullen, Handbook of Ancient Roman Marbles (1894) 127
shen shi............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
shen shih............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
....................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
shèn shí............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
 
Subject: .....  [AS-Academia Sinica, CDBP-SNPC, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP]
............  Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... Legacy AAT data
Chinese (traditional) .......... [AS-Academia Sinica]
.......... AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
Dutch .......... [RKD, AAT-Ned]
.......... AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......... Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)
Spanish .......... [CDBP-SNPC]
.......... TAA database (2000-)

 

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