 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research Home
 Tools Art & Architecture Thesaurus Full Record Display
|
|
|
|
 |
|
|
|
 |
 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Click the  icon to view the hierarchy. |
|
|
tuǧras (monograms, <identifying markings and symbols>, ... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name)) |
|
Note: Elaborate ornamental calligraphic imperial monograms of the Ottoman sultans (reigned 1281-1924), formed of the name, titles, and formula for "ever victorious." They were used as authentication on documents, because the Ottoman sultans did not sign their decrees. The tuǧras were drawn by specially designated high officials with the rank of pasha, who checked the copy for accuracy. In form, the tuǧra is distinguished by three high verticals and one large elliptical curve extending to the left and enclosing a smaller, similar curve.
|
| Terms: |
|
| tuǧras (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,PN)
|
| tuǧra (C,U,LC,English,AD,U,SN)
|
| tuǧra (Turkish (transliterated),AD,U,SN)
|
| tugras (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| ťuǧra (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| tughra (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| tughra (Dutch,AD,U,U)
|
| toughra (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| toghra (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
|
| tughra's (C,U,Dutch,D,U,U)
|
|
Facet/Hierarchy Code: V.VW |
Hierarchical Position:
|
|
|
Objects Facet |
|
|
.... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name) (G) |
|
|
........ Information Forms (hierarchy name) (G) |
|
|
............ information forms (objects) (G) |
|
|
................ document genres (G) |
|
|
.................... <documents by function> (G) |
|
|
........................ <identifying markings and symbols> (G) |
|
|
............................ monograms (G) |
|
|
................................ tuǧras (G) |
Additional Notes: |
|
| Dutch ..... Verfijnde decoratieve kalligrafische imperiale monogrammen van de Ottomaanse sultans (die in de periode 1281-1924 regeerden) met de betreffende naam en titel en de woorden ���eeuwig zegevierend'. Men gebruikte ze om documenten te bekrachtigen omdat sultans hun decreten niet ondertekenden. Tughra's werden gemaakt door speciaal daarvoor aangewezen functionarissen met de rang van pasja, die controleerden of het document correct was. Tughra's worden gekenmerkt door drie hoge verticale lijnen en één lange elliptische lijn naar links om een kleinere lijn met dezelfde vorm heen. |
|
Sources and Contributors: |
|
| |
Subject: ..... |
[RKD, AAT-Ned, VP] |
| ............ |
Antiek, Volume 12,Nummers 1-5, De Tijdstroom, 1977 |
| ............ |
Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-) |
| ............ |
Grove Art Online (2003-2008) |
| ............ |
Library of Congress Authorities online (2002-) |
| ............ |
Little and Turgay, Documents from the Ottoman Period, Die Welt des Islams (1980) |
| ............ |
Minkov, Ottoman Tapu Title Deeds, Islamic Law and Society (2000) |
| ............ |
Oxford English Dictionary Online (2002-) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
