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Smyrna (Anatolian Islamic textile styles after Manzikert, Anatolian Islamic styles after Manzikert, ... Styles and Periods (hierarchy name)) |
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Note: Generally, a style of textiles, particularly large, coarse carpets handwoven in western Anatolia and exported by way of Izmir (ancient Smyrna). Such carpets originally represented the production of the town of Usak, but in the late 19th and early 20th centuries large carpets from other centers were also called Smyrna, including those from Ghiordes, Kula, and Demirci. Specifically, the term refers to a particular pattern, usually seen in small examples and derived from a floral pattern used in the Ottoman court production of the 16th and 17th centuries.
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| Terms: |
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| Smyrna (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,A)
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| Smyrna (Dutch-P,D,U,U)
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| Izmir (C,U,English,UF,U,U)
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| Ismir (C,U,English,UF,U,U)
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| Izmar (C,U,English,UF,U,U)
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| 士麥那 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
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| 斯米爾納 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| shì mài nà (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
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| shi mai na (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
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| shih mai na (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
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| Esmirna (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,U)
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Facet/Hierarchy Code: F.FL |
Hierarchical Position:
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Styles and Periods Facet |
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.... Styles and Periods (hierarchy name) (G) |
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........ <styles, periods, and cultures by region> (G) |
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............ Islamic World, The (G) |
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................ <Islamic World dynastic styles and periods> (G) |
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.................... <Anatolian Islamic styles and periods after Manzikert> (G) |
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........................ Anatolian Islamic styles after Manzikert (G) |
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............................ Anatolian Islamic textile styles after Manzikert (G) |
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................................ Smyrna (G) |
Additional Notes: |
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| Chinese (traditional) ..... 通常指一種織品風格，尤指在安那托利亞西部以手工編製，並且經由伊茲米爾（Izmir；古稱斯米爾納（Smyrna）出口的大型粗地毯。斯米爾納地毯最初是指由烏沙克鎮（Usak）所生產的地毯；但是在西元十九世紀晚期以及二十世紀初期，來自吉奧狄斯（Ghiordes）、庫拉（Kula）、迪米西（Demirci）等其他地方的生產中心，其所製作的大型地毯也開始被稱為斯米爾納。明確而言，斯米爾納指的是一種特定的圖案，通常可見於小型的織品當中。這種圖案是從西元十六、十七世紀鄂圖曼宮廷所採用的花朵圖案所衍生而來。 |
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Sources and Contributors: |
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Subject: ..... |
[AS-Academia Sinica, CDBP-SNPC, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP] |
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Erdmann, Oriental Carpets (1962) 52; Smyrna carpets |
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King and Sylvester, Eastern Carpet in the Western World (1983) 23; floral Ushaks; Smyrna design |
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Personal Communication Carol Bier, Curator, Textile Museum, WaDC, 10/92.; Izmir carpets; Walter Denny, UMass, Amherst, 11/1/90; Izmir rugs; Ismir rugs; Carol Bier, Textile Museum, 11/90.; Smyrnas; Smyrna rugs |
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Petsopoulos, Kilims (1979) IND; Izmirs |
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Rosenstiel, American Rugs and Carpets (1978) 141; Smyrna carpets; GLOS; Smyrna rugs |
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Webster's Third New International Dictionary (1961) Smyrnas |
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Winkler Prins Atlas (1987) |
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