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porcelain (material) (ceramic (material), <ceramic and ceramic by product>, ... Materials (hierarchy name)) |
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Note: A material comprising white clay, or "kaolin," and a feldspathic rock, that react when fired so the clay serves to hold the shape of the object and the rock fuses into a natural glass. In China, it includes any such ware that is highly fired enough to produce a ringing sound when struck. In Europe, it is limited to hard-fired ceramic that is translucent.
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| Terms: |
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| porcelain (material) (preferred,C,U,LC,English-P,D,U,N)
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| 瓷 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
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| 瓷器 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| 磁器 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| cí (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
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| ci (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
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| tz'u (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
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| porselein (materiaal) (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,U)
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| porcelaine (matériau) (C,U,French-P,D,U,N)
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| porselen (C,U,Norwegian (Nynorsk)-P,AD,U,SN)
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| porselen (Norwegian (Bokmål)-P,AD,U,SN)
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| porcelana (material) (C,U,Portuguese-P,D,U)
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| porcelana (material) (Spanish-P,D,U,U)
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Facet/Hierarchy Code: M.MT |
Hierarchical Position:
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Materials Facet |
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.... Materials (hierarchy name) (G) |
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........ materials (substances) (G) |
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............ <materials by composition> (G) |
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................ inorganic material (G) |
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.................... clay (G) |
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........................ <clay by product> (G) |
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............................ <ceramic and ceramic by product> (G) |
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................................ ceramic (material) (G) |
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.................................... porcelain (material) (G) |
Additional Notes: |
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| Chinese (traditional) ..... 以耐火白色黏土或「高嶺土」及長石質岩石製成的陶瓷製品，烘燒時產生反應，黏土保持物件的形狀，而岩石則熔化成天然玻璃。在中國，瓷器可意指任何經高溫烘培得當、敲擊時會發出清脆聲響之製品；不過在歐洲，則限指透明之硬燒陶瓷。 |
| Dutch ..... Verwijst naar een soort keramiek van vuurbestendige witte klei, of 'kaolien', en een veldspaathoudende steen die tijdens het bakken reageert. De klei zorgt ervoor dat het voorwerp de vorm behoudt, terwijl de steen wordt omgezet in natuurlijk glas. In China verwijst dit naar alle soorten aardewerk die zo hard worden gebakken dat er een rinkelend geluid ontstaat als het kapot wordt geslagen. In Europa verwijst het alleen naar hardgebakken doorschijnende keramiek. |
| Portuguese ..... Um material composto de argila branca, ou "caulim", e uma rocha feldspática, que reagem quando queimada, de modo que a argila serve para manter a forma do objeto e a rocha se funde em um vidro natural. Na China, inclui qualquer objeto que seja altamente queimado o suficiente para produzir um som de campainha quando atingido. Na Europa, limita-se a cerâmica endurecida que é translúcida. |
| Spanish ..... Se refiere a un tipo de objetos de cerámica fabricados con arcilla blanca refractaria o "caolín," y una roca feldespática que reacciona al cocerla, de modo que la arcilla sirve como soporte para la forma del objeto y la roca se funde y crea un vidrio natural. En China, incluye también objetos que han sido altamente cocidos lo suficiente para producir un sonido de campana al golpearlos. En Europa se limita a objetos de cerámica cocidos para endurecerlos y que son translúcidos. |
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Related concepts: |
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| distinguished from .... |
pottery (visual works) |
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(ceramic ware (visual works), <visual works by material or technique>, ... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name)) [300010666] |
| material for .... |
porcelain (visual works) |
| ...................... |
(ceramic ware (visual works), <visual works by material or technique>, ... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name)) [300386874] |
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Sources and Contributors: |
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Subject: ..... |
[AS-Academia Sinica, CDBP-SNPC, CHIN / RCIP, CVAA-BR, GCI, NASJON, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP] |
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AATA database (2002-) 127599 checked 26 January 2012 |
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CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-) China trade porcelain |
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Chaffers, Marks and Monograms (1876) 996; Tournay porcelain |
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CHIN database (1988-) |
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CVAA-BR Consortium (2020-) |
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Honey, Ceramic Art of China (1954) 237; Transitional blue-and-white ware |
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Norwegian National Museum of Art database (2021-) c31eeee9-e47a-4869-8c9f-a10428c8d58c |
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RIBA, Architectural Keywords (1982) Ceramics |
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RILA, Subject Headings (1975-1990) precoor.; Vezzi porcelain; Rococo porcelain; Loosdrecht porcelain; Baroque porcelain; Art Deco porcelain; Oriental porcelain; Art Nouveau porcelain; Oude Loosdrecht porcelain; Neo-classical porcelain; Ansbach-Bruckberg porcelain |
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Rogers, Islamic Art & Design, 1500-1700 (1983) Transitional ware |
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Savage and Newman, Illustrated Dictionary of Ceramics (1974) Carrack porcelain |
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Savage and Newman, Illustrated Dictionary of Ceramics (1989) illustration, 31; armorial ware |
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Terraroli, Italian Art Ceramics: 1900-1950 (2007) 231 |
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Van Dale Engels-Nederlands (1989) |
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