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ID: 300011105
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300011105

 

Record Type: concept
hematite (mineral) (mineral, inorganic material, ... Materials (hierarchy name))

 

Note: A metallic black-gray or dark red mineral primarily composed of iron oxide found throughout the world, although the largest source is a sedimentary deposit in the Lake Superior district in North America. It occurs in many physical forms: specular ore (steel gray color, shiny crystals); micaceous hematite (gray, scaly flakes), red ocher (soft, fine-grain, red powder); kidney ore (massive, gray botryoidal form), and pencil ore (gray, fibrous crystals). Because hematite has a high iron content (70%), it is primarily used for smelting iron. It also has been used since ancient times as a red pigment in paints and glazes, for seals, beads, and small carvings since the early 3rd millineum. It is also used as jewelers' rouge for polishing glass and to produce the sparkle in aventurine ceramic glazes.
 
Terms:
hematite (mineral) (preferred,C,U,LC,American English-P,D,U,N)
haemetite (mineral) (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
haematite (mineral) (C,U,British English-P,D,U,N)
الهيماتيت (C,U,Arabic -P,D,U,U)
赤鐵礦 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
chì tiě kuàng (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
chi tie kuang (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
ch'ih t'ieh k'uang (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
hematiet (mineraal) (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,N)
hématite (mineral) (C,U,French-P,D,U,N)
Hämatit (C,U,German-P,D,U,N)
hemtyt (C,U,Polish-P,D,U,N)
hematita (C,U,Portuguese-P,D,U,N)
hematites (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,U)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  M.MT

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Materials Facet
Materials Facet
Hierarchy of Materials (hierarchy name)
.... Materials (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of materials (substances)
........ materials (substances) (G)
Hierarchy of <materials by composition>
............ <materials by composition> (G)
Hierarchy of inorganic material
................ inorganic material (G)
Hierarchy of mineral
.................... mineral (G)
Hierarchy of hematite (mineral)
........................ hematite (mineral) (G)

Additional Parents:

Hierarchy of Materials Facet
Materials Facet
Hierarchy of Materials (hierarchy name)
.... Materials (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of materials (substances)
........ materials (substances) (G)
Hierarchy of <materials by composition>
............ <materials by composition> (G)
Hierarchy of inorganic material
................ inorganic material (G)
Hierarchy of rock (inorganic material)
.................... rock (inorganic material) (G)
Hierarchy of <rock by form>
........................ <rock by form> (G)
Hierarchy of stone (worked rock)
............................ stone (worked rock) (G)
Hierarchy of <stone by quality>
................................ <stone by quality> (G)
Hierarchy of gemstone
.................................... gemstone (G)
Hierarchy of <gemstones by specific type>
........................................ <gemstones by specific type> (G)
Hierarchy of hematite (mineral)
............................................ hematite (mineral) (G)

Additional Notes:
Arabic ..... معدن معدني أسود-رمادي أو أحمر داكن يتكون أساسًا من أكسيد الحديد الموجود في جميع أنحاء العالم، على الرغم من أن أكبر مصدر له هو الرواسب الرسوبية في منطقة بحيرة سوبيريور في أمريكا الشمالية. ويحدث في العديد من الأشكال المادية: خام مرآوي (لون رمادي فولاذي، بلورات لامعة)؛ الهيماتيت الميكاسي (رقائق رمادية متقشرة)، مغرة حمراء (مسحوق أحمر ناعم، ناعم الحبيبات)؛ خام الكلى (شكل نباتي ضخم ورمادي)، وخام قلم الرصاص (بلورات ليفية رمادية). نظرًا لأن الهيماتيت يحتوي على نسبة عالية من الحديد (70٪)، فإنه يستخدم بشكل أساسي لصهر الحديد. كما تم استخدامه منذ العصور القديمة كصبغة حمراء في الدهانات والزجاج والأختام والخرز والمنحوتات الصغيرة منذ أوائل الألفية الثالثة. كما يتم استخدامه كأحمر للمجوهرات لتلميع الزجاج ولإنتاج البريق في طلاء سيراميك الأفينتورين. 
Chinese (traditional) ..... 灰黑或深紅色的金屬礦物,主成分為氧化鐵,遍佈世界各地,最豐富的礦藏來源是北美洲蘇必略湖區的沉積礦床。具有多種物理形式:鏡鐵礦(鋼灰色,晶體具光澤)、雲母赤鐵礦(灰色,鱗狀薄片)、黏土質赤鐵(質軟、細顆粒的紅色粉末)、腎鐵礦(塊狀、灰色、外型似葡萄狀),及筆鐵礦 (灰色、纖維狀晶體)。由於赤鐵礦的鐵含量高(百分之七十),因此主要用於煉鐵,亦自遠古時代起便做為繪畫與釉料的紅色顏料使用。遠在西元前三千年早期,就用於製作圖章、珠串與小型雕刻品。也被珠寶商當作鐵丹使用,用來拋光玻璃或在金星玻璃釉上製造出光澤。 
Dutch ..... Een veelvoorkomend ijzermineraal; een natuurlijke variant van watervrij ijzeroxide. 
Spanish ..... Mineral de hierro común, variedad natural del óxido férrico anhidro. 

Sources and Contributors:
赤鐵礦............  [AS-Academia Sinica Preferred]
...........  國家教育研究院-雙語詞彙、學術名詞暨辭書資訊網 August 24, 2012
...........  大英百科全書線上繁體中文版 August 24, 2012
...........  大英視覺藝術百科全書 Vol. 9,pp. 181
...........  寶石圖鑑 161
...........  寶石學 210
...........  岩石與礦物圖鑑 80
...........  智慧藏百科全書網 August 24, 2012
...........  藝術名詞與技法辭典 215
الهيماتيت............  [IDEA Preferred]
....................  IDEA: International (Digital) Dura-Europos Archive (International) (2023-)
ch'ih t'ieh k'uang............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
...................................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
chi tie kuang............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
..........................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
chì tiě kuàng............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
..........................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
haematite (mineral)............  [VP]
...................................  Gettens and Stout, Painting Materials (1966) 118
...................................  Oxford English Dictionary Online (2002-)
haemetite (mineral)............  [VP]
...................................  Oxford English Dictionary (1989)
Hämatit............  [VP]
.................  MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
hematiet (mineraal)............  [RKD, AAT-Ned Preferred, VP]
...................................  AAT-Ned (1994-) okayed via spreadsheet and email from AAT-Ned
...................................  MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
...................................  Van Dale Online Woordenboek (2014-)
hematita............  [VP]
.................  MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
hematite (mineral)............  [GCI Preferred, VP Preferred]
...................................  AATA database (2002-) 124602 checked 26 January 2012
...................................  Brady and Clauser, Materials Handbook (1977) 297
...................................  CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-)
...................................  Dictionary of Geological Terms (1984)
...................................  MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-) accessed 3 January 2009
...................................  Newman, Illustrated Dictionary of Jewelry (1981)
...................................  Webster's Third New International Dictionary (1961)
hématite (mineral)............  [VP]
...................................  MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
hematites............  [CDBP-SNPC Preferred]
....................  Diccionario de la Real Academia Española. Biblioteca de Consulta 2003 (2003)
....................  Matteini y Moles, La química de la restauración (2001) 78
....................  Rico y Martínez, Diccionario Técnico Akal de conservación y restauración de bienes culturales, español-alemán-inglés-italiano-francés (2003) 108
hemtyt............  [VP]
.................  MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
 
Subject: .....  [AS-Academia Sinica, CDBP-SNPC, GCI, IDEA, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP]
............  AATA database (2002-) 124602 checked 26 January 2012
............  Gettens and Stout, Painting Materials (1966) 122; iron oxide red
............  IDEA: International (Digital) Dura-Europos Archive (International) (2023-)
............  Van Dale Engels-Nederlands (1989)
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-) accessed 3 January 2008
Arabic .......... [IDEA, VP]
.......... IDEA: International (Digital) Dura-Europos Archive (International) (2023-)
Chinese (traditional) .......... [AS-Academia Sinica]
Dutch .......... [RKD, AAT-Ned]
.......... AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......... Van Dale Online Woordenboek (2014-)
Spanish .......... [CDBP-SNPC]
.......... TAA database (2000-)

 

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