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ID: 300042138
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300042138

 

Record Type: concept
zithers (<zitherlike chordophones: plucked>, zitherlike chordophones, ... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name))

 

Note: A zither is a musical instrument introduced into England and America ca. 1850 from Austria, and having thirty to forty strings let into the lower rim of a shallow wooden resonance-box. It bears fretted melody strings of metal, usually five in number and tuned by machine screws, and unfretted strings of gut or nylon, sometimes numbering thirty or more, tuned by metal wrist pins. It is played by striking with the fingers and thumb. In modifications of the instrument a fretted finger-board is fitted across a resonance-box shaped like a heart (bow zither) or like a viola (viola zither), and the instrument is played with a bow.
 
Terms:
zithers (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,PN)
zither (C,U,LC,English,AD,U,SN)
Alpine zithers (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
zithers, Alpine (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
citers (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,U)
citer (C,U,Dutch,AD,U,U)
cithare (C,U,French-P,AD,U,FSN)
Zither (C,V,German-P,D,SN)
alpenländische Zither (C,V,German,AD,SN)
Zither, alpenländische (C,V,German,AD,SN)
Zithern (C,V,German,NA,PN)
cítaras (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,PN)
cítara (C,U,Spanish,AD,U,SN)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  V.TT

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Objects Facet
Objects Facet
Hierarchy of Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name)
.... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of Sound Devices (hierarchy name)
........ Sound Devices (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of sound devices (equipment)
............ sound devices (equipment) (G)
Hierarchy of <sound devices by acoustical characteristics>
................ <sound devices by acoustical characteristics> (G)
Hierarchy of chordophones
.................... chordophones (G)
Hierarchy of zitherlike chordophones
........................ zitherlike chordophones (G)
Hierarchy of <zitherlike chordophones: plucked>
............................ <zitherlike chordophones: plucked> (G)
Hierarchy of zithers
................................ zithers (G)

Additional Parents:

Hierarchy of Objects Facet
Objects Facet
Hierarchy of Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name)
.... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of Sound Devices (hierarchy name)
........ Sound Devices (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of sound devices (equipment)
............ sound devices (equipment) (G)
Hierarchy of <sound devices by acoustical characteristics>
................ <sound devices by acoustical characteristics> (G)
Hierarchy of membranophones
.................... membranophones (G)
Hierarchy of drums (membranophones)
........................ drums (membranophones) (G)
Hierarchy of plucked drums
............................ plucked drums (G)
Hierarchy of zithers
................................ zithers (G)

Additional Notes:
Dutch ..... Een citer is een muziekinstrument dat circa 1850 vanuit Oostenrijk in Engeland en Amerika werd geïntroduceerd. Het heeft dertig tot veertig snaren die onder aan de ondiepe houten klankkast het instrument in gaan. Het instrument is voorzien van meestal vijf metalen melodiesnaren met fretten, die met mechanische schroeven te stemmen zijn, en soms wel dertig of meer snaren zonder fretten van darm of nylon, die worden gestemd met metalen polsschroeven. Het instrument wordt bespeeld door met de vingers en duim te tokkelen. In sommige varianten is een toets met fretten aangebracht op een hartvormige klankkast (strijkciter) of een vioolvormige klankkast (vioolciter), en wordt het instrument bespeeld met een strijkstok. 
German ..... Eine Zither ist ein Musikinstrument, das um 1850 von Österreich aus nach England und Amerika eingeführt wurde und 30 bis 40 Saiten hat, die in den unteren Rand eines flachen Resonanzkastens aus Holz eingelassen sind. Das Instrument hat gewöhnlich fünf mit Bünden versehene Melodiesaiten aus Metall, die mit Stimmschrauben gestimmt werden, sowie nicht bundierte Saiten aus Darm oder Nylon, manchmal 30 oder mehr an der Zahl, gestimmt mit metallenen Stimmschlüsseln. Bei abgewandelten Formen des Instruments ist ein bundiertes Griffbrett über den Resonanzkasten gelegt, geformt wie ein Herz (Streichzither) oder wie eine Violine (Violinzither), die mit einem Bogen gespielt werden. 
Spanish ..... Úsese específicamente para los cordófonos modernos pulsados, folclóricos y populares desarrollados en la región alpina de Europa que consisten en una caja de madera hueca, y cuerdas melódicas de metal con trastes, generalmente cinco, y afinadas por medio de tornillos mecánicos, y cuerdas de tripa o nailon sin trastes, algunas veces en número de treinta o más, afinadas mediante clavijas metálicas de muñeca. Para la clase genérica de cordófonos simples consistentes solamente en un portador de cuerdas, con o sin un resonador removible y una o más cuerdas, vea bajo "cordófonos tipo cítara”. 

Sources and Contributors:
alpenländische Zither............  [IfM-SMB-PK]
......................................  Schwarzer, Zither-Virtuose [online] (2016-) http://zither-virtuose.de/wissenswertes.html
Alpine zithers............  [VP]
.............................  Sadie, New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments (1984) illustration, Vol. 3, 899, section 2 heading; distinct from zitherlike chordophones in general and from other fretted zithers.
cítara............  [CDBP-SNPC, VP]
.................  Randel, Diccionario Harvard de Música (1997)
.................  Tranchefort, Los Instrumentos Musicales (1994)
cítaras............  [CDBP-SNPC Preferred, VP]
.................  TAA database (2000-)
citer............  [RKD, AAT-Ned]
..............  AAT-Ned (1994-)
..............  Encyclopedie van muziekinstrumenten (1977)
citers............  [RKD, AAT-Ned Preferred]
.................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
.................  Encyclopedie van muziekinstrumenten (1977)
cithare............  [AASLH, CHIN / RCIP]
.................  AASLH data (2016-)
.................  CHIN / RCIP translation (2016-)
.................  Nomenclature database (2018-) http://nomenclature.info/nom/10821; scheme: Nomenclature-Objects
.................  Nomenclature for Museum Cataloging / Nomenclature pour le catalogage translation project (2016-) 10821
zither............  [AASLH Preferred, CHIN / RCIP Preferred, VP]
.................  AASLH data (2016-)
.................  CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-)
.................  Chenhall, Revised Nomenclature (1988)
.................  CHIN / RCIP translation (2016-)
.................  Nomenclature database (2018-) http://nomenclature.info/nom/10821; scheme: Nomenclature-Objects
.................  Nomenclature for Museum Cataloging / Nomenclature pour le catalogage translation project (2016-) 10821
.................  Oxford English Dictionary Online (2002-)
Zither............  [IfM-SMB-PK Preferred]
.................  Baines, Lexikon der Musikinstrumente (2010) 375-377
.................  Radewski, Illustrierte Enzyklopädie der Musikinstrumente (2007) 138
.................  Ruf, Lexicon Musikinstumente (1991) 578-580
.................  Sachs, Reallexikon der Musikinstrumente (1913/1979) 431a-431b
Zither, alpenländische............  [IfM-SMB-PK]
.........................................  AAT-Deutsch (2012-)
Zithern............  [IfM-SMB-PK]
.................  Duden [online] (2011-) http://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/Zither
zithers............  [VP Preferred]
.................  Bessaraboff, Ancient European Musical Instruments (1944) index
.................  Brincard, ed., Sounding Forms (1989) illustration, glossary: chordophone with strings running the entire length of the body.
.................  Diagram Group, Musical Instruments of the World (1976) illustration, 216
.................  Marcuse, Musical Instruments Dictionary (1975) definition source
.................  Sadie, New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments (1984) Vol. 3, 896, definition source
zithers, Alpine............  [VP]
.............................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules
 
Subject: .....  [AASLH, CDBP-SNPC, CHIN / RCIP, IfM-SMB-PK, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP]
............  AASLH data (2016-)
............  CHIN / RCIP translation (2016-)
............  Encyclopedie van muziekinstrumenten (1977)
............  Nomenclature database (2018-) http://nomenclature.info/nom/10821; scheme: Nomenclature-Objects
............  Nomenclature for Museum Cataloging / Nomenclature pour le catalogage translation project (2016-)
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... Legacy AAT data
Dutch .......... [RKD, AAT-Ned]
.......... AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......... Encyclopedie van muziekinstrumenten (1977)
German .......... [IfM-SMB-PK]
.......... IfM Berlin
Spanish .......... [CDBP-SNPC]
.......... TAA database (2000-)

 

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