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ID: 300047935
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300047935
 
Record Type: concept
happenings (time-based works, <visual works by material or technique>, ... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name))

 

Note: Works from the 1950s and 1960s that were unique, unrehearsed events, often combining elements of theater, music, and the visual arts. Usually nonverbal, they may incorporate visual, tactile, and olfactory responses, chance, and audience participation. The term was coined by artist Allan Kaprow.
 
Terms:
happenings (preferred,C,U,LC,English-P,D,U,PN)
happenings (Portuguese-P,D,U,PN)
happenings (Dutch-P,D,U,U)
happenings (Spanish-P,D,U,PN)
happening (C,U,English,AD,U,SN)
happening (Portuguese,AD,U,SN)
happening (Dutch,AD,U,U)
happening (Spanish,AD,U,SN)
action theater (C,U,American English,UF,U,N)
event art (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
manifestations (happenings) (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
painter's theater (happenings) (C,U,American English,UF,U,N)
realizations (happenings) (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
theater of mixed means (C,U,American English,UF,U,N)
total art (happenings) (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
total theater (happenings) (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
action theatre (happenings) (C,U,British English,UF,U,N)
painter's theatre (happenings) (C,U,British English,UF,U,N)
theatre of mixed means (happenings) (C,U,British English,UF,U,N)
total theatre (happenings) (C,U,British English,UF,U,N)
Performances (Happenings) (C,U,German,D,PN)
Happening (C,U,German-P,AD,SN)
Happenings (C,U,German,AD,PN)
Performance (Happening) (C,U,German,AD,SN)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  V.VC

Hierarchical Position:
Hierarchy of Objects Facet
 Objects Facet
Hierarchy of Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name)
 .... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of Visual Works (hierarchy name)
 ........ Visual Works (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of visual works (works)
 ............ visual works (works) (G)
Hierarchy of <visual works by material or technique>
 ................ <visual works by material or technique> (G)
Hierarchy of time-based works
 .................... time-based works (G)
Hierarchy of happenings
 ........................ happenings (G)

Additional Notes:
Dutch ..... Te gebruiken voor performances uit de jaren vijftig en zestig van de 20e eeuw die eenmalige, niet gerepeteerde gebeurtenissen waren, waarin vaak elementen van theater, muziek en de beeldende kunsten werden gecombineerd. Ze waren meestal nonverbaal, deels op toeval gebaseerd en vereisten deelname van het publiek. De belangrijkste componenten waren beeld, geluid, geur en beweging. 
German ..... Werk aus den 1950er und 1960er Jahren, das ein einmaliges, improvisiertes Ereignis war und oft Elemente des Theaters, der Musik und den visuellen Künsten verband. Gewöhnlich nonverbal, konnte es visuelle, tastbare und olfaktorische Reaktionen, Zufälle und auch Publikumsbeteiligung umfassen. 
Portuguese ..... Obras das décadas de 1950 e 1960 que foram eventos únicos e não ensaiados, muitas vezes combinando elementos de teatro, música e artes visuais. Normalmente não-verbais, eles podem incorporar respostas visuais, táteis e olfativas, chance e participação do público. O termo foi cunhado pelo artista Allan Kaprow.  
Spanish ..... Úsese para obras de los años 1950 y 1960 que fueron únicas, eventos sin ensayos, a menudo combinando elementos del teatro, la música y las artes visuales. Usualmente no verbales, pueden incorporar respuestas visuales, táctiles y olfativas, azar y participación de la audiencia. 

Related concepts:
reflect/produced by ....  Arte Povera
....................................  (<post-1945 fine arts styles and movements>, <international post-1945 styles and movements>, ... Styles and Periods (hierarchy name)) [300047851]
reflect/produced by ....  Direct art
....................................  (<post-1945 fine arts styles and movements>, <international post-1945 styles and movements>, ... Styles and Periods (hierarchy name)) [300047933]

Sources and Contributors:
action theater............  [VP]
.............................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules
action theatre (happenings)............  [VP]
...............................................  Walker, Glossary of Art (1977) 157
event art............  [VP]
....................  Walker, Glossary of Art (1977) 157
happening............  [CDBP-SNPC Preferred, CVAA-BR, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP]
....................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
....................  Art of David Tudor Glossary [online] (2004) accessed 18 March 2004
....................  CVAA-BR Consortium (2020-)
....................  Gutiérrez, Pintura, Escultura y Fotografía en Iberoamérica, siglos XIX y XX (1997) 309
....................  Lacouture Fornelli, Gaceta de Museos, Octubre 2007-Mayo 2008 (2007) 57
....................  Lucie-Smith, Diccionario de Términos de Arte (1997)
....................  Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)
Happening............  [IfM-SMB-PK Preferred]
....................  Duden [online] (2011-) http://www.duden.de/node/714697/revisions/1273148/view
....................  GND - Gemeinsame Normdatei http://d-nb.info/gnd/4159095-8
....................  Wortschatz Universität Leipzig [online] (1998 -) "Happening", accessed 9 December 2013
happenings............  [CDBP-SNPC, CVAA-BR Preferred, RKD, AAT-Ned Preferred, VP Preferred]
.......................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......................  Andrews, Living Materials (1983) 319, capitalized - section heading
.......................  Arnason, History of Modern Art (1977) 613, as def. by Kaprow "an assemblage of events performed or perceived in more than 1 x or place...
.......................  CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-) NT performance art; happenings (art)
.......................  Comité, Plural del término en singular
.......................  CVAA-BR Consortium (2020-)
.......................  Henri, Total Art (1974) 4, Kaprow: refers to an art form related to theater in that it is performed in a given time & space...
.......................  Kaprow, Assemblage (1966) 193, performed once only (theoretically) should have no audience, people should be integrated...
.......................  Lucie-Smith, Thames & Hudson Dictionary of Art Terms (1986) art events typ. of the 60s & 70s whcih synthesize both planned & improvised theatrical activity...
.......................  Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969) extension of the art form called environment to include action...
.......................  Oxford Companion to 20th-Century Art (1981) "spontaneous, plotless, theatrical events"
.......................  Pierce, From Abacus to Zeus (1987) art events which may be partially planned as to objects, places, times, and actions but use chance.
.......................  Random House Library of Painting and Sculpture (1981) Vol. 4, 83, art forms in which the artist performs or directs an entertainment which combines elements of music,
.......................  RILA, Subject Headings (1975-1990)
.......................  Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)
.......................  Walker, Glossary of Art (1977) 157, integrate sev'l media, a cross btwn an art exhib. & a theatrical performance devel. by trad. artists
Happenings............  [IfM-SMB-PK]
.......................  AAT-Deutsch (2012-)
manifestations (happenings)............  [VP]
...............................................  Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969) European term
painter's theater (happenings)............  [VP]
.....................................................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules
painter's theatre (happenings)............  [VP]
.....................................................  Walker, Glossary of Art (1977) 157
Performance (Happening)............  [IfM-SMB-PK]
.........................................  Duden [online] (2011-) http://www.duden.de/node/708639/revisions/1089630/view
Performances (Happenings)............  [IfM-SMB-PK]
............................................  Duden [online] (2011-) http://www.duden.de/node/708639/revisions/1089630/view
realizations (happenings)............  [VP]
............................................  Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969) European term
theater of mixed means............  [VP]
.........................................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules
theatre of mixed means (happenings)............  [VP]
...........................................................  Walker, Glossary of Art (1977) 157
total art (happenings)............  [VP]
.........................................  Walker, Glossary of Art (1977) 157
total theater (happenings)............  [VP]
...............................................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules
total theatre (happenings)............  [VP]
...............................................  Walker, Glossary of Art (1977) 157
 
Subject: .....  [CDBP-SNPC, CVAA-BR, IfM-SMB-PK, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP]
............  CVAA-BR Consortium (2020-)
............  Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... Arnason, History of Modern Art (1977)
Dutch .......... [RKD, AAT-Ned]
.......... AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......... Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)
German .......... [IfM-SMB-PK]
.......... IfM Berlin
Portuguese .......... [CVAA-BR]
.......... CVAA-BR Consortium (2020-)
Spanish .......... [CDBP-SNPC]
.......... TAA database (2000-)

 

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