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Mississippian (Pre-Columbian North American styles, <Pre-Columbian North American styles and periods>, ... Styles and Periods (hierarchy name)) |
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Note: Refers to a Native American culture and style evident in North America from around 800 CE to the mid-18th century, when its last representatives, the Natchez, declined and were dispersed. It was prevalent in the southeast and mid-continent in the river valleys of what are now the states of Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Arkansas, Missouri, Kentucky, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, and parts of Wisconsin, Minnesota and the Great Plains. The culture was based on agricultural development of the bottomlands and government by theocratic village-states. Village architecture is characterized by dwellings arranged around oval or pyramidal earth mounds and a central ceremonial plaza. The style of decorated utilitarian and ceremonial objects is characterized by work in copper, shell, stone, clay, and feathers, often with elaborate designs including human figures, animal motifs, and geometric shapes.
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| Terms: |
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| Mississippian (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,A)
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| Mississippian (Dutch-P,D,U,U)
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| 密西西比 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
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| mì xī xī bǐ (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
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| mi xi xi bi (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
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| mi hsi hsi pi (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
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| Misissipi (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,U)
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Facet/Hierarchy Code: F.FL |
Hierarchical Position:
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Styles and Periods Facet |
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.... Styles and Periods (hierarchy name) (G) |
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........ <styles, periods, and cultures by region> (G) |
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............ Americas, The (G) |
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................ Pre-Columbian (American) (G) |
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.................... <Pre-Columbian North American styles and periods> (G) |
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........................ Pre-Columbian North American styles (G) |
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............................ Mississippian (G) |
Additional Notes: |
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| Chinese (traditional) ..... 指西元800年至十八世紀中期大量出現在北美洲的一種美洲原住民文化與風格，其最後階段的代表類型「那奇茲」衰落後，該文化與風格即隨之消滅。主要流行於東南地區和中部大陸地區的河谷地帶，亦即現在的密西西比州、阿拉巴馬州、喬治亞州、阿肯色州、密蘇里州、肯塔基州、伊利諾州、印第安那州、俄亥俄州以及部分的威斯康辛州、明尼蘇達州和大草原地區。以河邊低地的農業為根基，由行使神權政治的村落國家治理。村落的建築特色是將民居安置在眾多橢圓形或金字塔形土墩以及一個儀式中心廣場的周圍。日用品及儀式用具之裝飾以銅、貝殼、石頭、黏土及羽毛製品為特色，通常包含有人物形象、動物母題與幾何圖形的精緻設計。 |
| Dutch ..... Verwijst naar een inheems Amerikaanse cultuur en stijl die hebben bestaan vanaf circa 800 n. Chr. tot halverwege de 18de eeuw, toen de laatste vertegenwoordigers van deze cultuur, de Natchez, in aantal afnamen en verspreid raakten. De cultuur heeft met name een overheersende rol gespeeld in het zuidoosten en het midden van de huidige Verenigde Staten, in de riviervalleien van de gebieden die nu behoren tot de staten Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Arkansas, Missouri, Kentucky, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio en delen van Wisconsin, Minnesota en de Great Plains. De cultuur was gebaseerd op de agrarische ontwikkeling van de laaggelegen delen langs de rivier, en het land werd bestuurd vanuit theocratische dorpsstaten. Kenmerkend voor de dorpsarchitectuur zijn nederzettingen rond ovale of piramidevormige aardeheuvels, met een centraal ceremonieel plein. De stijl van gedecoreerde gebruiksvoorwerpen en ceremoniële objecten, uitgevoerd in koper, schelpen, steen, klei en veren, wordt gekenmerkt door complexe ontwerpen met menselijke figuren, diermotieven en geometrische vormen. |
| Spanish ..... Se refiere a una cultura y estilo americanos nativos presentes en América del Norte desde alrededor del 800 de la era cristiana hasta mediados del siglo XVIII, cuando sus últimos representantes, los Natchez, desaparecieron y se dispersaron. Predominó en el sudeste y centro del continente en los valles del río de lo que son ahora los estados de Misissipi, Alabama, Georgia, Arkansas, Missouri, Kentucky, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio y partes de Wisconsin, Minnesota y las Grandes Llanuras. La cultura se basaba en el desarrollo agrícola de las tierras bajas y el gobierno por pueblos-estados teocráticos. La arquitectura del pueblo se caracteriza por viviendas colocadas alrededor de montículos de tierra ovalados o piramidales y una plaza ceremonial central. El estilo de objetos utilitarios y ceremoniales decorados se caracteriza por trabajo en cobre, concha, piedra, arcilla y plumas, a menudo con elaborados diseños incluyendo figuras humanas, motivos animales y formas geométricas. |
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Related concepts: |
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| followed .... |
Woodland Tradition |
| ................ |
(Pre-Columbian North American styles, <Pre-Columbian North American styles and periods>, ... Styles and Periods (hierarchy name)) [300016671] |
| reflected in/produces .... |
chunkey |
| ........................................ |
(games, <public and interactive activities>, ... Physical and Mental Activities (hierarchy name)) [300435738] |
| reflected in/produces .... |
chunkey stones |
| ........................................ |
(game pieces (game elements), <card, table and board game elements>, ... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name)) [300435737] |
| reflected in/produces .... |
stickball |
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(ball games (general, games), games, ... Physical and Mental Activities (hierarchy name)) [300438424] |
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